Thermodynamics Learning Task 3 Name:_________________________ Cr & Yr:________ Date:_____ Score:

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Which of the following is not a formation reaction? a. 1/2H2(g) + 1/2 Br2( ) HBr(g) c. b. Ca(s) + 1/2O2(g) CaO(s) d. 2C6H6( ) + 15O2(g) H a. b. ____ 1.76 103 kJ/mol 3.51 104 kJ/mol 12CO2(g) + 6H2O( ) c. d. 4Al(s) + 3/2O2(g) H2O( ) + SO3( ) H0 = -6535 kJ 49.1 kJ/mol 561 kJ/mol Al2O3(s) H2SO4( )

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2. Use the data below to calculate H for benzene, C6H6( ), at 25C and 1 atm. = -393.5 kJ/mol, H = -285.8 kJ/mol

3. Calculate the standard heat of vaporization, H

, for tin(IV) chloride, SnCl4, in kJ per mole. H = -511.3 kJ/mol

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for SnCl4( ) and -471.5 kJ/mol for SnCl4(g). a. 26.4 c. 44.8 b. 53.2 d. 39.8 4. Which of the following techniques cannot be used to calculate Hrxn? a. Using bond energies of reactants and products b. Using melting points of reactants and products c. Using of Heats of Formation of reactants and products d. Calorimetry 5. Calculate the average S-F bond energy in SF6. H for SF6(g) = -1209 kJ/mol, for S(g) = 278.8 kJ/mol, and for F(g) = 78.99 kJ/mol. a. 327.0 kJ c. 200.8 kJ b. 1209 kJ d. 1962 kJ 6. Given: H-H bond energy = 435 kJ, Cl-Cl bond energy = 243 kJ, and the standard heat of formation of HCl(g) is -92 kJ/mol, calculate the H-Cl bond energy. a. 180 kJ c. 247 kJ b. 431 kJ d. 326 kJ 7. The H for gaseous acetylene, , is 227 kJ/mol. What is the bond energy? The bond energies are 423 kJ/mol for C-H and 436 kJ/mol for H-H. The heat of sublimation for carbon is 717 kJ/mol. a. 348 kJ/mol c. 986 kJ/mol b. 817 kJ/mol d. 1251 kJ/mol 8. A 0.900-g sample of toluene, C7H8, was completely burned in a bomb calorimeter containing 4560. g of water which increased in temperature from 23.800C to 25.718C. What is E for the reaction in kJ/mol C7H8? The heat capacity of the calorimeter was 780. J/C. The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/gC. a. -4520 kJ/mol c. -3900 kJ/mol b. -38.1 kJ/mol d. +3500 kJ/mol 9. Assuming the gases are ideal, calculate the amount of work done, in joules, for the conversion of 1.00 mole of Ni to Ni(CO)4 at 75C in the reaction below. The value of R is 8.314 J/molK. Ni(s) + 4CO(g) Ni(CO)4(g) a. -1.80 103 J c. 1.80 103 J 3 b. 8.68 10 J d. -8.68 103 J 10. Assuming the gases are ideal, calculate the amount of work done, in joules, for the conversion of 2.00 mole of NO2 to N2O4 at 125C in the reaction below. The value of R is 8.314 J/molK. 2NO2(g) N2O4(g) a. -3,300 J c. 6,600 J b. 3,300 J d. -1,040 J 11. The reaction of 1.00 mole of H2(g) with 0.500 mole of O2(g) to produce 1.00 mole of steam, H2O(g), at 100C and 1.00 atm pressure evolves 242 kJ of heat. Calculate E per mole of H2O(g) produced. The universal gas constant is 8.314 J/molK. a. -240 kJ c. -242 kJ b. -238 kJ d. +240 kJ 12. A positive change in entropy represents: a. a decrease in thermal energy b. a process that is always spontaneous c. an increase in dispersal of matter (molecular disorder) d. release of thermal energy 13. Which one of the following reactions has a positive entropy change? a. BF3(g) + NH3(g) F3BNH3(s) b. H2O(g) H2O( ) c. 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) d. 2NH4 NO3(s) 2N2(g) + 4H2O(g) + O2(g)

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14. Which chemical change listed below represents a decrease in entropy? a. N2(g) + 3 H2(g) NH3(g) c. 2 NO2(g) N2(g) + 2 O2(g) b. 2 NaCl( ) 2 Na( ) + Cl2(g) d. CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g) 15. The second law of thermodynamics states: a. The enthalpy of the universe always increases in spontaneous processes. b. The entropy of the universe always increases in spontaneous processes. c. A spontaneous process always increases entropy. d. H <0 and S >0 for all spontaneous processes 16. A process occurs spontaneously and Ssystem < 0. Which statement below must be true? a. Ssurroundings > 0 d. Both (a) and (b) are correct. b. Suniverse > 0 e. All three answers are correct. c. The pressure is constant. 17. Calculate G0 at 298 K for the reaction below. N2O4(g) + 2N2H4( ) G 97.82 149.0 3N2(g) 0 1311 kJ/mol - 475.6 kJ/mol 4H3PO4(s) -1281 110.5 + 4H2O(g) -228.6

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a. -518.1 kJ/mol c. b. -1311 kJ/mol d. 18. Evaluate G0 for the reaction below at 25C. P4O10(s) + 6H2O( ) -2984 -285.8 H S0 (J/molK) 228.9 69.91

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a. -363.7 kJ c. -50.33 kJ b. -172.0 kJ d. -282.5 kJ 19. For the reaction given below, H0 = -1516 kJ at 25C and S0 = - 432.8 J/K at 25C. This reaction is spontaneous ____. SiH4(g) + 2O2(g) SiO2(s) + 2H2O( ) a. cannot tell from the information available b. at no temperatures c. only below a certain temperature d. at all temperatures 20. Consider the following equation carefully, and determine the sign of S0 for the reaction it describes. NH4Br(s) NH3(g) + HBr(g) H = +188.3 kJ Which response describes the thermodynamic spontaneity of the reaction? a. The reaction is not spontaneous at any temperatures. b. The reaction is spontaneous only at relatively high temperatures. c. The reaction is spontaneous only at relatively low temperatures. d. We cannot tell from information given.

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21. For which set of values of H and S will a reaction be spontaneous (product-favored) at all temperatures? a. H = +10 kJ, S = -5 J/K c. H = -10 kJ, S = -5 J/K b. no such values exist d. H = -10 kJ, S = +5 J/K 22. The following reaction is spontaneous only below 5000 K. What conclusions can be drawn regarding this reaction? A+B AB a. H is negative and S is negative. c. H is positive and S is positive. b. H is negative and S is positive. d. H is positive and S is negative. 23. Consider the following reaction and its H and G 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) 4CO2(g) + 2H2O( ) H = -2599 kJ, G = -2470 kJ a. -386 J/K b. +386 J/K 24. Given the energy diagram below: c. d. values at 25C. Evaluate S at 25C.

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-340 J/K - 433 J/K

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The reaction a. releases energy. b. absorbs energy.

c. d.

occurs without a net change in energy. is impossible.

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25. Which one of the following is true of reactions that are nonspontaneous at all temperatures? a. H is negative and S is positive c. H is negative and S is negative b. H is positive and S is negative d. H is positive and S is positive