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Prepared by V. Aditya vardhan
ATOMIC STRUCTURE adichemadi@gmail.com
IIT-JEE
Fundamental Particles
1) The mass of an electron is
1) 0.000549 amu 2) 1.00727amu 3) 1.00867 amu 4) None
Note : Mass of an electron = 9.1x10 -31 Kg
= 5.49 x 10-4 amu
2) The charge on an electron is
1) 9.1 x 10-31 coulombs 2) 1.602 x 10-19 coulombs
3) 4.8 x 10-10 coulombs 4) None
3) The mass of a proton is equal to
m
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1) 1.6726 x 10-24 grams 2) 1.00727 amu
-27
3)1.6726 x 10 Kg 4) All
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4) The mass of a neutron is
1) 1.6749 x 10-27Kg 2) 1.00867 amu
3) Both 1 & 2 4) None
5) The charge on a neutron is
1) + 1.6 x 10-19 coulombs i@ R 2) -1.6 x 10-19 coulombs
-10
3) 4.8 x 10 e.s.u 4) None
ad VA
6) 1 amu is equal to
1) 1.6726 x 10-27 Kg 2) 1.6605 x 10-27 Kg 3) 1.6749 x 10-27 Kg 4) None
7) The symbol used to represent a β - particle is
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1836
9) The ratio of mass of neutron to that of an electron is
ad V. A
1
1) 1839 2) 3) 2 4) 1836
1836
10) The ratio of specific charge of electron to that of a proton is
1
1) 1836 2) 3) 1839 4) None
1836
Charge e
Note : Specific charge = mass
=
m
11) The equation relating the characteristic frequency ( ) of X-rays emitted by anti-cathode and atomic
number (Z) of the metal used as anti-cathode, given by Moseley is
2
1) a( z b ) 2) a( z b ) 3) z 4) a ( zb )
12) Charge on electron was experimentally determined by
1) Millikan 2) Goldstein 3) Chadwick 4) J.J.Thomson
13) Choose the incorrect statement
1) Nucleus occupies very small fraction of atom and most of the atom is empty, hence most of the
alpha particles passed through the gold foil undeflected during - particle scattering experiment.
2) Entire mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus and the mass of electrons is negligible.
3) Nucleus carries positive charge due to presence of protons in it.
4) Most of the atom is not empty and hence the -particles are deflected back.
14) The e/m value of cathode rays in a discharge tube is
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1) always same irrespective of the gas taken 2) different for different gases
3) same only when noble gases are taken 4) None
15) Neutron was discovered by
1) Thomson 2) Chadwick 3) Goldstein 4) Rutherford
16) The highest value of e/m is observed for anode rays when the discharge tube is filled with
1) N2 2) H2 3) O2 4) He
17) Which of the following pair have identical values of e/m
1) A proton and a neutron 2) A proton and a deuterium nucleus
3) A deuterium nucleus and an -particle 4) An electron and -rays
18) Choose the correct increasing order of e/m values for e,p,n and - particle
m
1) p < n < < e
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2) e < p < < n 3) n < p < e < 4) n < < p < e
19) The e/m value of electron is
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1) 9.1 x 10-31 Kg 2) 1.602 x 10-19C 3) 1.759 x 1011C.Kg -1 4) Zero
13 14
20) The relation between 6C and 6C is
1) isobars 2) isotopes 3) isotones 4) None
21) The isobar of 6C14 is
1) 8O16 2) 6C13 3) 7N14 4) 2Be4
22)
1) electrons i@ R
Isotones contain same number of
2) protons 3) positrons 4) Neutrons
ad VA
23) The triad of nuclei that is isotonic is
1) 6C14, 7N15, 9F17 2) 6C12, 7N14, 9F19 3) 6C14, 7N14, 9F17 4) 6C14, 7N14, 9F19
24) The radius of atomic nucleus is of the order of
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Quantum Theory
1) Quantum theory had suggested
1) Emission of energy is continuouss
2) Energy is emitted discontinuously in the form of quanta
3) Energy of the radiation is quantized.
4) Both 2 & 3
2) The wavelength of a radiation emitted by a sodium lamp is 600 nm. The frequency is
1) 5 Hz 2) 5 x 1014 Hz 3) 500 Hz 4) 5 x 1015 Hz
3) If the light radiation from neon atom has a wavelength of 300 nm, then the energy of the
photon being emitted is
1) 6.626 x 10-19 J 2) 1.1 x 10-10 J 3) 2 x 10-19 J 4) 3.3 x 10-12 J
4) Violet light is able to eject electrons from the surface of potassium metal, whereas red light cannot.It
is because,
1) the intensity of violet light is greater than that of red light.
2) the frequency of red light is lower than that of violet light and its energy is not sufficient to knock out
the electrons.
3) the wavelength of violet light is greater than that of red light
4) None
5) Electrons with a kinetic energy of 6.023 x 104 J/mol are evolved from the surface of a
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metal, when it is exposed to a radiation of wavelength of 300nm. The minimum amount of
energy required to remove one electron from the metal atom is
1) 5.626 x 10-19J 2) 3 x 10-19J 3) 6.02 x 10-19 4) 6.62 x 10-34J
Formula : E = W + KE
E = Energy of radiation
W = Work function
KE = Kinetic energy.
6) Electrons with kinetic energy of 3.313 x 10-24 J are evolved when a light radiation of 5 x109 s-1 of
frequency falls on a metal surface. The threshold frequency of the metal is
1) 5 Hz 2) 4.5 x 109 Hz 3) 500 Hz 4) 3 x 1024 Hz
Formula : K.E = h ( - 0)
7) When the frequency of light incident on a metalic plate is doubled, the kinetic energy of
emitted photoelectrons will be
m
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1) Doubled 2) Halved 3) More than doubled 4) Unchanged.
Hint : h = W + KE1
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2h = W + KE2
2W + 2KE1 = W + KE2
KE2 = 2KE1 + W
8) Photo electrons are ejected from metals A & B when a light beam of wavelength 1 is used to irradiate
them. But electrons are ejected only from metal ‘B’, when another radiation of wavelength 2 is used.
Then the false statement among the following is
i@ R
1) Electrons need more energy to escape from metal ‘A’
ad VA
2) 2 1
3) Threshold frequency of ‘A’ is higher than that of metal ‘B’
4) When irradiated by light beam of wavelength 1 , the electrons ejected out from metal ‘A’ have
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2) not evolved
3) evolved even at low intensities
ad V. A
m
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+ 3+
8) The ratio of radius of first orbit of He to that of Be is
1) 2 : 1 2) 1 : 2 3) 1 : 4 4) 4 : 1
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9) The radius of first orbit in H-atom is equal to the radius of
1) 1st orbit in He+ 2) 2nd orbit in Li2+ 3) 2nd orbit in Be3+ 4) 2nd orbit in He+
10) The ratio of radii of first three orbits in hydrogen atom is
1) 1 : 4 : 9 2) 1 : 2 : 3 3) 1 : 2 : 4 4) 9 : 4 : 1
1) decreases
i@ R
11) The distance between successive orbits while going away from nucleus
2) increases
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3) first decreases and then increases 4) unchanged
12) Bohr’s expression to calculate the energy of electron in a given orbit is
2 2 me 4 z 2 2 2 me 4 z 4 0
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1) 2
2)
n 2 h 2 4 0 nh
2
4 2 me 4 z 2 4 0 4 2 me 4 z
3) 4)
n2h2 nh 2
ich DI
13) The potential and kinetic energies of Bohr’s orbits are expressed as
ad V. A
Ze2 1 Ze 2 Ze 2 1 Ze2
1) & 2) &
r2 2 r2 r 2 r
Ze 2 Ze2 Ze2 1 Ze 2
3) & 4) &
r r r 2 r
14) The total energy and potential energy of electron in a given orbit are expressed as
1 Ze 2 1 Ze 2 Ze2 1 Ze 2
1) & 2) &
2 r 2 r r 2 r
1 Ze 2 Ze2 1 Ze 2 Ze 2
3) & 4) &
2 r r 2 r r
15) The energy of electron in the 1st orbit of hydrogen atom is
1) -13.6 eV 2) -2.18 x 10-18J 3) -5.21 x 10-19 Calories 4) All
16) The energy of one mole of electrons present in Bohr’s first orbit of hydrogen atoms is
1) - 313.6 Kcal 2) -1312 kJ 3) Both 1 & 2 4) None
17) The energy of electron in second shell of hydrogen atom is
1) +3.4 eV 2) -3.4 eV 3) -13.6 eV 4) + 13.6 eV
+
18) The energy of electron in the ground state of He ion is
1) -13.6 eV 2) + 54.4 eV 3) - 27.2 eV 4) - 54.4 eV
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19) The kinetic and potential energies of electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom are respectively.
1) +13.6 eV & -13.6 eV 2) + 13.6 eV & - 27.2 eV
3) -136 eV & + 13.6 eV 4) 27.2 eV & - 13.6 eV
20) The energy of an electron in the M-shell of hydrogen atom is x eV. The energy of electron in its L-shell
is
x x x x
1) eV 2) eV 3) eV 4) eV
9 4 4 9
21) The ratio of energies of electrons in first three Bohr’s orbits in hydrogen atom is
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1) 1: : 2) 1: : 3) : :1 4) : :1
4 9 2 3 3 2 9 4
22) The energy difference between two successive orbits while going away from the nucleus
m
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1) decreases 2) increases 3) remains same 4) first decreases and then increases
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23) The ratio of energies of electrons in the ground states of H, He+ and Li2+ is
1 1 1 1
1) 9 : 4 : 1 2) : :1 3) 1: : 4) 1 : 4 : 9
D
9 4 4 9
24) The energy of an electron in the first orbit of hydrogen atom is -y Joule. The kinetic energy of electron
i@ R
in the second orbit will be
ad VA
y y y y
1) - Joule 2) Joule 3) Joule 4) Joule
4 2 2 4
25) The potential energy of electron present in the ground state of Li2+ ion is
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3e 2 3e 3e 2 3e 2
1) + 2) 4 r 3) 4)
4 0 r 0 4 0 r 4 0 r 2
26) The energy of electron in the first orbit of hydrogen atom is equal to the energy of electron in the
1) 2nd orbit of He+ 2) 3rd orbit of Li2+ 3) 4th orbit of Be3+
ich DI
4) All
-18
27) The energy of electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom is -2.18 x 10 J. The potential energy
of electron in the first excited state of He+ ion is
ad V. A
m
ail N
1) 13.6 eV 2) 3.4 eV 3) 1.51 eV 4) 0.85 eV
38) The spectral line corresponding to longer wavelength in hydrogen atomic spectrum is
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1) Limiting line in Pfund series 2) First line in Lyman series
3) Limiting line in Lyman series 4) First line in Pfund series
39) A spectral line is observed in the visible region of emission spectrum of hydrogen. The probable
transition corresponding to this line
1) n = 2 n = 5 2) n = 2 n = 3
i@ R 3) n = 4 n = 2 4) n = 5 n = 3
40) The ratio of energies of first three lines in Lyman series is
ad VA
1 1 1 3 8 15 4 9 16
1) 1 : 2 : 3 : : 2) 3) : : 4) : :
2 3 4 4 9 16 3 8 15
41) The wave number of a spectral line for a given tranistion is x cm-1 for He+, then its value for Be3+ for
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same transition is
x -1
1) x cm-1 2) 4 x cm-1 3) cm 4) 16 x cm-1
4
42) The energy of electron in the infinite orbit is
ich DI
1) +13.6 eV 2) 1 eV 3) 4) zero
43) A hydrogen atom is supplied with 10.2 eV of energy in its ground state. The highest energy level into
ad V. A
Use formula :
n n 1
; where n = n 2 n1
2
47) An electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom absorbed 12.75 eV of energy and get excited. The
number of spectral lines formed due to all possible transitions when electron jumps back from highest
possible energy level, during this excitation, to L-Shell of the atom is
1) 15 2) 3 3) 1 4) 10
h
48) The difference in angular momentum of two bohr’s orbits is 3 . The number of all possible elec-
2π
tronic transitions between these two orbits is
1) 3 2) 12 3) 6 4) 1
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49) The ratio between Kinetic energy and total energy of electron in atoms according to Bohr’s model is
1) 1 : 1 2) 1 : -1 3) 1 : 2 4) -2 : 1
50) The wave number of limiting line of Paschen series of hydrogen atomic spectrum is equal to
RH R R
1) RH 2) 3) H 4) H
25 9 16
51) The lines in Lyman series of hydrogen atomic spectrum are formed in
1) Visible region 2) Far IR region 3) UV region 4) Near IR region
52) Bohr’s theory could not explain
1) Zeeman effect 2) Fine atomic spectrum 3) Stark effect 4) All
m
1) The wave length of an electron can be expressed as
ail N
h h h2 h
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1) 2) 3) 4)
2π mv nπ nπ
2) The electron revolving around the nucleus behaves as a stationary wave only when the circumference
of its orbit is equal to
1) Fractional multiple of its wavelength. 2) Integral multiple of its wavelength.
3) Velocity of electron i@ R 4) Radius of orbit
3) Quantization of angular momentum of an electron in a stationary orbit can be justified by using.
ad VA
1) Bohr’s theory 2) Heisenberg’s theory 3) de Broglie’s theory 4) Quantum theory
4) The velocity of an electron is 6.626 x 104 m.s-1. The wavelength of electron is
1) 110 A0 2) 232 A0 3) 91 A0 4) 323 A0
5) The ratio of wavelength of proton to that of electron which are moving with same velocity is
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1) 1 : 9 2) 1836 : 1 3) 1 : 1836 4) 1 : 2
6) The number of waves produced by electron wave in Bohr’s 3rd orbit is
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 9
7) The wavelength of electron wave in the first orbit of hydrogen atom is
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8) The wavelength of electron revolving in circular orbit in Bohr’s atom can be expressed as
nh 2 n2h 2 nh
1) 2) 3) 4) None
2πmZe 2 4π 2 me 2 2π m
9) The wavelength of electron wave in the 2nd orbit of hydrogen atom is ‘x’ cm. The wavelength of
electron in the third orbit will be
9x 2x 4x 3x
1) cm 2) cm 3) cm 4) cm
4 3 9 2
10) The relation between wavelength of electron and its kinetic energy is
h nh h h2
1) = 2) = 3) = 4) =
KE KE 2.KE.m 2.KE.m
11) The kinetic energy of electron in an orbit of hydrogen atom is 2.18 x 10-11erg. The wavelength of
electron wave will be.
1) 0.529 A0 2) 2.21 A0 3) 3.33 A0 4) None
12) The ratio of wavelengths of electron waves of first three orbits in hydrogen atom is
1 1
1) 1: : 2) 1 : 2 : 3 3) 3 : 2 : 1 4) 1 : 4 : 9
2 3
13) The ratio of radii of two successive orbits is 4 : 9. The ratio of the wavelengths of electron waves in
these orbits is
1) 9 : 4 2) 3 : 2 3) 16 : 81 4) 2 : 3
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14) The ratio of wavelengths of electron waves in two orbits is 3 : 5. The ratio of kinetic energies of
electrons will be
1) 25 : 9 2) 5 : 3 3) 9 : 25 4) 3 : 5
Quantum Numbers
1) Match the following
A) Principal quantum number (n) 1) Neils Bohr
B) Azimuthal quantum number (l) 2) Uhlenbeck & Goudsmit
C) Magnetic quantum number (m) 3) Lande
D) Spin quantum number (s) 4) Sommerfeld
Choose the correct matching
m
A B C D
ail N
1) 1 2 4 3
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2) 1 4 3 2
3) 1 3 2 4
4) 3 1 4 2
2) In order to explain fine hydrogen atomic spectrum, Sommerfeld proposed.
1) Principal quantum number 2) Spin quantum number
3)
i@ R
3) Azimuthal quantum number 4) Magnetic quantum number
Magnetic quantum number (m) is proposed by Lande, in order to explain
ad VA
1) Low resolution hydrogen atomic spectrum 2) Fine hydrogen atomic spectrum
3) Zeeman effect 4) Spin - Spin coupling
4) The wrong statement about principal quantum number ‘n’ is
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m
ail N
1) -2, -1, +1, +2 2) -2, -1, 0, +1, +2 3) -1, 0, +1 4) 0, +1, +2, +3
16) The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in sub shell l = 2
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1) 2 2) 5 3) 4 4) 10
Note : The no.of electrons in subshell ‘l’ = 4l + 2
17) The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in an orbital is
1) 2 2) 1 3) 4 4) 1 / 2
18) The values of spin quantum number can be
i@ R
1 1 1 1
1) 2) 3) or 4) 0 or 1
ad VA
2 2 2 2
19) Spin quantum number was proposed by
1) Goudsmidt & Uhlen beck 2) Lande 3) Neils Bohr 4) de Broglie
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22) The quantum number that is not possible for electron in 4d orbital is
1) l = 2 2) s = + 1 / 2 3) m = 0 4) m = + 3
ad V. A
m
ail N
energy ‘V’ is given by
2 2 2 8 2 m
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1) E V 0
x 2 y 2 z 2 h
2 2 2 8 m
2) 2 E V 0
x 2 y 2 z 2 h
i@ R
2 2 2 8 2 m
2 E V 0
ad VA
3)
x 2 y 2 z 2 h
2 2 2 8 m
4) E V 0
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x 2 y 2 z 2 h
2) Choose the incorrect statement
1) is called orbital wave function. It represents the amplitude of electron wave, but has no physical
significance.
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3) Which of the following is not a boundary condition required to get valid Eigen functions for ?
1) must be finite and continous
2) must be single valued at a given point
3) The probability of finding the electron over the space from + to - must be equal to zero
4) All
4) Ĥ in the schrodinger equation, Ĥ E ,is known as
1) Kinetic energy operator 2) Heisenberg operator
3) Hamiltonian operator 4) Potential energy operator
Note : The total energy operator also called as Hamiltonian operator is the sum of Kinetic energy operator (T) and potential
energy operator ( V ) . ˆ = Tˆ + V
i.e., H ˆ .
5) The orbital wave function written in terms of polar co-ordinates : r, θ and can be expressed as
r, θ, R r θ
Choose the incorrect statement related to above expression.
1) R (r) is called radial wave function which depends on quantum numbers ‘n’ & ‘l’
2) θ & are the angular wave functions which depend upon quantum numbers ‘l’ and ‘m’
3) R (r) gives dependence of orbital upon radial distance of electron from the nucleus.
4) θ and are the angular wave functions and depend only on principal quantum number ‘n’
Note : The orbital wave functions ( ) can be expressed in terms of spherical polar co-ordinates (r, θ & ). The relation
between polar co-ordinates and cartesian co-ordinates can be given as
x = r sin θ cos
y = r sin θ sin
z = r cos θ
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m
ail N
e e 4 e e2 e e4 e e 4
1) En 2 2 2 2) En 3) En 4) En
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8 0 h n 4 0 h 2 n 2 2 0 h 2 n 2 8 0 hn
Note : 1) e is called reduced mass of electron
1 1 1
i@ R
m mn
e e
Where me = mass of electron
ad VA
mn = mass of nucleus
2) For hydrogen atom electron energy depends only on ‘n’ and independent of ‘l’ and ‘n’.
7) The probability of finding an electron at a distance ‘r’ from the nucleus regardless of direction is called
1) radial wave function 2) radial probability density 3) radial probability function 4) All
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m
ail N
Choose the correct answer
1) Both ‘A’ & ‘R’ are correct ; and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’
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2) Both ‘A’ & ‘R’ are correct ; but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’.
3) ‘A’ is correct but ‘R’ is incorrect
4) ‘A’ is incorrect but ‘R’ is correct.
19) The number of radial nodes present in a given orbital is equal to
i@ R
1) l 2) n - l - 1 3) n - 1 4) n - l - 2
Note : Radial node, also called as nodal region or spherical node, does not pass through the nucleus
ad VA
Note: ‘p’ orbitals have only one angular node perpenducular to the axis of orientation of the orbital. For example, px orbital has
one angular node along yz plane.
25) The number of radial nodes in 4p orbital is
m
ail N
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
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26) The number of radial nodes and angular nodes respectively present in 4dxy orbital will be
i@ R
1) 0 & 1 2) 1 & 2 3) 2 & 2 4) 1 & 1
ad VA
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ich DI
ad V. A
Note: 4d orbital has one radial node. And usually ‘d’ orbitals have two angular nodes. In case of 4dxy orbital the angular nodes
are present along yz and xz planes.
27) The total number of radial and angular nodes present in a given orbital is equal to
1) n 2) n - l 3) n - l - 1 4) n - 1
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28) Which of the following radial distribution graph corresponds to orbital with n = 3, l = 2 ?
m
ail N
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i@ R
29) The orbital with two nodal planes but with no nodal regions is
ad VA
1) 4d 2) 4s 3) 3d 4) 4f
30) The number of nodal planes in 4f orbital is
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) zero
31) The 2 value is zero along xy and yz planes in a d-orbital. The notation of that d-orbital will be
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Electronic configuration
1) The orbital with least energy before filling up of electrons is
ich DI
1) 3d 2) 4s 3) 4p 4) 5s
Note : Orbital with least (n + l) value has least energy and is filled first
ad V. A
m
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1) 5 2)10 3) 1 4) None
Note: Copper has anomalous electronic configuration i.e., [Ar] 3d104s1
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14) The magnetic moment of Mn2+ ion is
1) 3.87 BM 2) 5.9 BM 3) 7.93 BM 4) 6.92 BM
D
Formula: magnetic moment( )= n(n+2) BM
where n=no. of unpaired electrons
i@ R
15) The correct increasing order of energy of 4f, 5p, 6s & 5d orbitals is
ad VA
Note: In [Ar] 3d54s1 configuration, there are five unpaired ‘d’ electrons. The number of exchanges are calculated by following
formula. These exchanges between degenerate d-electrons lower the energy of the atom and thus by confering more stability to
the atom in this anomalous configuration.
If the configuration is [Ar] 3d44s2 as predicted, then the exchanges possible are only 6. Hence this configuration is less stable.
ich DI
5 5 1 n!
Formula : 5C = 10 this is the modification of equation
2 2! r ! n r !
ad V. A
Reason[R] : The exchange energy will be maximum in case of atoms with half filled subshells
1) Both ‘A’ & ‘R’ are correct ; and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’
2) Both ‘A’ & ‘R’ are correct ; but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’.
3) ‘A’ is correct but ‘R’ is incorrect
4) ‘A’ is incorrect but ‘R’ is correct.
20) Which of the following pairs has two unpaired electrons
1) Mg, Si 2) S, Mg 3) S, Si 4) S, Fe
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