ABSTRACT Economic And Social rights of Women In India M.Jayachitra M.A., M.Phil., B.Ed.

, PG & Research Department of Economics Khadir mohideen College, Adirampattinam.

Most

labour , in large

industrial towns, was recruited originally from calcutta and its industrial belt, and to

villages. Workers flocked Bombay, from distant states.

to cities like

The contact with the village is constant for a worker in an urban industrial town. Money is sent to ones family, and journeys contracted not only during

periods of leave but for marriages, death, births and festivals. The pull of the village on a woman worker is even greater than on a man. Many workers have their wives in the country , and of those wives who come to the city, all who can to so return to the village for their confinement. Industrial about is largely drawn from agriculture. Old traditions such as caste, the joint family early marriages and other causes stand in the way of mobility of labour. The attachment to village is so great that a high rate of absenteeism prevails.

The present report, therefore, deals mainly with the cotton and jute textile industry, coal mining and plantations. We have also utilized the data collected in connection with the All-india Agricultural Labour Enquiry to discuss briefly wages working conditions of women engaged in agriculture. It is probably in the unorganized industries that women are employed more than in factory industries. The system of industrial home work under which women pursue gainful occupations in their homes during spare time is common in the bidi industry, in mica splitting and in the match industry in South India. Our enquiries could not adequately cover the unorganized industries.

The report has been divided into the following chapters. (1) Legislative measures for the protection and welfare of women workers, (2) Employment (3) wages and Earnings , (4) Working conditions (5) Social conditions, and (6) Health and welfare. Each chapter has been made as self contained as possible and as much information as could be gathered either from published reports received from various sources in connection with this enquiry has been compressed into it. Subject to the limitation already pointed out, every effort has been made to make each chapter as