VLSMs, Summarization, and Troubleshooting (Chapter 5)

March 26, 2012

VLSM
Subnetting involves dividing a range of host addresses into multiple blocks
IP Host Range (192.168.1.x) .0 .1 .2 .253 .254 .255

VLSM
Variable length subnet masks (VLSMs) allow for different sized subnets (i.e., different subnet masks) across a network
Advantage: they use address space more efficiently

VLSM

VLSM
Network: 192.168.1.0

2 Hosts 58 Hosts 12 Hosts

9 Hosts

29 Hosts

Network: 192.168.1.0
58 2 12

29

Network A

Hosts

Block

Subnet

Mask

B
C D E

Block Size: 64

Block Size: 32

Block Size: 16 Block Size: 4

Summarization
Also called route aggregation or supernetting Allows multiple networks to be described using one address. Why?
Less data transferred between routers Easier processing for each router

Summarization
Things to consider:
Find the appropriate block size (i.e., subnet mask) Dont include addresses that arent there Summary route is the network address

Summarization
Example #1
Summarize networks 172.16.32.0 through 172.16.50.0

Option A Summary Address Summary Mask Block Size 172.16.32.0 255.255.240.0 16

Option B 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0 32

Summarization
Example #2
Summarize networks: 172.1.4.128/25 172.1.7.0/24 172.1.6.0/24 172.1.5.0/24 172.1.4.0/25

Summary Address Summary Mask Block Size

172.1.4.0 255.255.252.0 4