2012HSC Revision

Personal Development, Health, and Physical Education

Mariam Taher Core 2 2012-HSC Revision

HSC Core 2: Factors Affecting Performance

1. How does training affect performance?

1.1 Energy system of the body. 1.1.1 A continuous supply of energy is essential for the human body to function. a) Name the three energy systems in the body and identify which require (s) oxygen.
The ATP/PC system- no oxygen required. The lactic acid system-non-oxygen required. The aerobic system-oxygen required

b) Identify two factors which determine the energy system that will predominate during any physical activity.
Duration The intensity of the activity.

1.1.2 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a compound produced by the body. a) Describe adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and identify its function in the body.
ATP is a high energy compound. Each single, large molecule of ATP consists of a molecule of adenosine combined with three smaller phosphate molecules. The Adenosine and phosphate molecules are bound together by high energy chemical bounds which can be broken to release energy. ATP is essential to provide energy for all the specialised functions of the body, including the muscular contractions involved in movements and performance.

b) Label the diagram below to explain how ATP supplies energy for the bodys use. 1st Stage:
ATP consists of three phosphate and one adenosine molecule bound by high energy bound.

2nd Stage:
Energy is produced by the last (or terminal) phosphate being dettached, releasing stored energy that can then be used by body functions.

3rd Stage:
The remaining ADP (adenosine diphosphate) molecule and inorganic phosphate cannot provide energy but are essential in the resynthesis process allowing a continual supply of energy through the energy pathways.

1.1.3

Explain the functioning of the alactacid energy system in terms of the molecular breakdowns of ATP, sources of fuel and fatiguing limits.
The alactacid uses ATP to provide immediate energy and creatine phosphate to replenish the ATP. ATP splits into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and a high energy phosphate molecule which provides the body cells

1.1.4