Sample Problems - Solutions KVL, KCL & Power

1) For the circuit shown below, determine the voltage for each of the resistors and label the values on the diagram. KVL:

Vrises

Vdrops
10 V
+

20 k

10 k
+

Assume IS clockwise: 10 V = 20 IS + 10 IS + 20 V + 30 IS (note: if all resistors k, drop k and remember answer will be in mA)

20 V

30 k

Solving: -10 V = 60 IS => IS = -1/6 mA (counter clockwise) Applying Ohms Law, V20k = 20/6 = 10/3 V V10k = 10/6 = 5/3 V V20k = 30/6 = 5 V Now, label diagram with voltage drops:
- 3.33 V + - 1.67 V +

20 k 10 V
+

10 k
+

20 V

30 k

+ 5.0 V -

2) In the circuit shown below, the current through the 3 k resistor is measured to be 4 mA. Determine the source voltage (VS) and source current (IS).

V3k = V12k = (4 mA)(3k) = 12V I12k = (12 V)/(12 k) = 1 mA

IS 2 k VS
+

4 mA
3 k

IS = I3k + I12k = 5 mA VS = V2k + V3k (KVL) or V2k + V12k

= (2 k)(5 mA) + 12 V = 22 V

12 k

3)

KVL, KCL

3a) For the circuit shown above, determine the voltages VA, VB, VC, and VD indicated on the diagram.

- VC + X I1 +
28 V + 12 V -

4 mA

IC
1 mA

I2 +
6V

IA

+6V-

VA -

2 mA

ID
4 mA

+ VD -

I3

IB
Y +V B -

I4

Apply KVL to mesh and loop currents, IA, IB, IC, and ID . For loop or Mesh: VRises I A: 6V +6V I B: 28 V + VB IC: 12 V + VC ID: 28 V = 12 V + VD >>> = 6V >>> = 12 V + 6 V >>> = VA >>> = VDrops

VA = 12 V VB = -10 V VC = -6 V VD = 16 V

3b)

Determine the currents I1, I2, I3 and I4 indicated on the diagram.

- VC + X I1
1 mA

N2

4 mA

I2 +
6V

+
+6V-

VA N4 I4

2 mA

N1 +
28 V

+ 12 V -

4 mA

+ VD N3

I3 Y +V B -

Apply KCL @ node N1, N2, N3, and N4, IIN N1: 4 mA N2: I1 (= 3 mA) = I2 + 4 mA N4: 4 mA N3: I4 (= 2 mA) + I3 = 4 mA >>> = I4 + 2 mA >>> >>> = I1 + 1 mA >>> = IOUT

I1 = 3 mA I2 = -1 mA I4 = 2 mA I3 = 2 mA

3c)

Determine the power (supplied or dissipated) by elements X & Y.

Putting values we solved for in parts a) and b) onto the diagram, we have:

3 mA

+ 6V X

Y - 10 V +

2 mA

PX = IX VX = (3 mA)(6 V) = 18 mW (Dissipated) Note: Actual current flows from + to - terminals of voltage on the device. PY = IY VY = (2 mA)(10 V) = 20 mW (Dissipated) Note: Actual current flows from + to - terminals of voltage on the device.