PRATICAL 1 : MICROSCOPE

OBJECTIVE : 1. To adapted a right way of handling microscope among the student 2. To prepare wet mount slide INTRODUCTION: When studying cells or other microscopic objects, we use a tool called a light microscope. This instrument was revolutionary in its day and still a primary source for investigating things too small to be seen with naked eyes. A good portion of the laboratory activities we conduct will required a microscope and the acknowledge to operate it properly. Please follow this direction carefully during every microscope lab.

MATERIAL: 1.Microscope 2.Slide 3.Cover slip 4.Forceps 5.Dropper bottle/transfer pipette PROCEDURE/METHOD: (A) HANDLING MICROSCOPE 1. Microscope is taken from its place 2. Microscope is carried by using two hands. One hand hold the arm and the other one supporting the base 3. Microscope is place on the bench top with the arm facing you. Then, the cord are plug into the electrical outlet 4. Four lens are cleaned using lens paper only 5. The 10x low power objective lens is set into place

6. Course adjustment knob is adjust in the down position by turning the knob away from you 7. A slide is placed on the stage. The edges of the slide is then fasten using the stages clips

8. Look through the 10x ocular lens. Then, the coarse adjustment knob is slowly turn toward you until the object start to come into focus 9. 40x high power is set into place to see even more detail 10. After finish, the microscope is reposition to the 10x low power objective lens setting 11. The coarse adjustment knob is position away from you and the slide is removed 12. Power cord then unplug and then is wrap around your hand 13. The dust cover is placed over the microscope and returned to the microscope cabinet 14. Floor, benches, and sink are check 15. C) ACTIVITY (LABELING MICROSCPE)

ANSWER: 1. Ocular lens 2. Body tube 3. Arm 4. Revolving nosepiece 5. Stage clips 6. Objective lens 7. Stage stop 8. Slide 9. Stage 10. Coarse adjustment knob 11. Diaphragm 12. Light source/projection lens 13. Fine adjustment knob 14. Base

DISCUSSION: Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view samples or objects. There are three well-known branches of microscopy, optical, electron and scanning probe microscopy. Optical and electron microscopy involve the diffraction, reflection, or refraction of electromagnetic radiation interacting with the subject of study, and the subsequent collection of this scattered radiation in order to build up an image. This process may be carried out by wide-field irradiation of the sample (for example standard light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) or by scanning of a fine beam over the sample (for example confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). Scanning probe microscopy involves the interaction of a scanning probe with the surface or object of interest. The development of microscopy revolutionized biology and remains an essential tool in that science, along with many others including materials science and numerous engineering disciples. The light microscope, so called because it employs visible light to detect small objects, is probably the most well-known and well-used research tool in biology. Yet, many students and teachers are unaware of the full range of features that are available in light microscopes. Since the cost of an instrument increases with its quality and versatility, the best instruments are, unfortunately, unavailable to most academic programs. However, even the most inexpensive "student" microscopes can provide spectacular views of nature and can enable students to perform some reasonably sophisticated experiments. A beginner tends to think that the challenge of viewing small objects lies in getting enough magnification. In fact, when it comes to looking at living things the biggest challenges are, in order,-obtaining sufficient contrast, finding the focal plane, obtaining good resolution, and recognizing the subject when one sees it The smallest objects that are considered to be living are the bacteria. The smallest bacteria can be observed and cell shape recognized at a mere 100x magnification. They are invisible in bright field microscopes, though.

QUESTION: PART OF MICROSCOPE 1. Ocular Lens 2. Body Tube 3. Arm 4. Revolving Nosepiece 5. Stage Clips 6. Objective Lens 7. Stage stop FUNCTION Part you look through, magnifies the object 10x Connect the eyepiece to the objective lens Connect the base and barrel Holds 2 or more objective lens and can move/rotate around in order to change the power of objective lens Hold slide firmly in position The lenses closest to the object, they magnified the object 4x,10x and 40x It prevents the stage from coming too far up, so that the stage can't grind against the objective lens. a flat piece of glass used to serve as a platform for viewing objects under the microscope. Support and hold slide Raises and lower the stage for focusing Regulates the light Shines light through object

8. Slide 9. Stage 10. Coarse Adjustment Knob 11. Diaphragm 12. Light source/Projection Lens 13. Fine Adjustment Knob 14. Light Switch 15. Base

Make small adjustment for focusing To turn the light on or off Support the microscope

CONCLUSION:

The experiment is about to conduct and adapted a right way of handling microscope. From this experiment, we can use the microscope to observe a microscopy object with a correct way. The objective of this experiment is achieved. Literature cited: Retrieved on 17th December 2008-12-17, microscopy From: http://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/microscopy.html http://www.hometrainingtools.com/articles/microscope-terms-science-teaching-tip.html