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Course Plan Basic Electrical and Electrical Engineering

Subject Code: BTEE-101


Lecture Topics Covered No. 1. 1. Direct Current (DC) Circuits: Introduction to DC circuits, Circuit Elements and terminology. 2. Ohms Law- Statement, Illustration and Limitation , Computation of resistance at constant temperature, resistance at different temperatures. 3. Kirchhoff Laws- Statement and Illustrations, Method of solving circuits by Kirchhoffs law., 4. Units- Work, Power and Energy (Electrical, Thermal and Mechanical), DC Transients for RL series circuits. DC Transients for RC Series Circuits. 5. Star-Delta Conversation, 6. 2. Alternative Current (AC) Fundamentals: Basic Terms and definitions, Generation of alternative electro- motive force EMF 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Peak, Root Mean Square and Average value of alternative current, Phasor representation of alternative qualities. Analysis of AC Circuit, Representation of Alternative Qualities in Rectangular and polar forms. Introduction of Resistive, Induction and Capacitive Circuits and their series combinations. Concept of resonance in series circuits. Parallel Combinations of R, L and C circuits, Parallel Resonance Concept of 3- phases EMF Generation, Analysis of balanced 03 phases system with star- delta connections. 3. Magnetic Circuits and Transformer: Comparison between magnetic and electric circuits, Magnetic effects of electric current. Current carrying conductor in magnetic field, Law of Electromagnetic Induction. Self Inductance, Mutual Inductance, Coupling Coefficient between two magnetically coupled circuits Single Phase Transformer: Construction, Working principle, Efficiency, Voltage regulation and applications. 4. Semiconductor Devices: Basics of Semiconductor materials, Principle of Operation, characteristics and application of PN Junction Diode, Half Wave and Full Wave Rectifiers. Zener Diode, applications, specifications. Principle of operation characteristics and applications of Bipolar

18. 19. 20.

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34 35.

Junction Transistor, Principle of Operator and characteristics Field Effect Transistor. 5. Transducers: Definitions and introduction of Transducers, Introduction, working and application of LVDT. Introduction, Working and applications of Strain Gauge. Introduction, working and applications of Thermistor and Digital Multimeter. 6. Digital Electronics: Introduction to number system, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal number System. Arithmetic operations of Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal Number System and their conversions into one another. Logic Gates and related Numerical Problems Introduction of RS and JK Flip Flops and its Truth Tables. Introduction of D and T Flip Flops and its Truth Tables. 7. Rotating Electrical Machines: Introduction D.C. machines (motors). Introduction DC Generators. Three phase Induction Motor Synchronous machines (motors): construction, working principle, classification and applications. Synchronous principle, machines (Generators): construction, working

classification and applications of Synchronous Machines and their various comparisons.

Suggested Books:
Basic electrical and electronics engineering, S.K. Sahdev, Uneek Publications. Basic electrical and electronics engineering, JB Gupta. KATSON Books.

Syllabus
Punjab Technical University
PTU/DA/17th May 2011

BTEE 101 Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering


Objectives and Expected Outcome: This course is mandatory for all the branches for understanding the basic concepts of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. Students of all branches have to deal with the applications of Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering. This course gives a basic knowledge of circuits, transducers, semiconductor devices with which a building of innovative technology can be created. The students are expected to learn and understand the importance and applications of electric and electronics material. This knowledge give them a brief outline o the fundamentals that would be the foundations of todays and tomorrows technology. Part A (Electrical Engineering) 1. Direct Current (DC) Circuits: Circuit Elements and connected terminology, Kirchhoff Laws- Statement and Illustrations, Method of solving circuits by Kirchhoffs law, Star- Delta Conversation, Computation of resistance at constant temperature, resistance at different temperatures, Ohms LawStatement, Illustration and Limitation, Units- Work, Power and Energy (Electrical, Thermal and Mechanical). DC Transients for RL and RC series circuits. (7) 2. Alternative Current (AC) Fundamentals: Generation of alternative electro- motive force EMF, Concept of 3- phase EMF Generation, Peak, Root Mean Square and Average value of alternative current, Phasor representation of alternative qualities, Analysis of AC Circuit, Representation of Alternative Qualities in Rectangular and polar forms. Introduction of Resistive, Induction and Capacitive Circuits and their series and parallel combinations, Concept of resonance in series and parallel circuits, analysis of balanced 03 phase system with star- delta connections (7) 3. Magnetic Circuits and Transformer: Comparison between magnetic and electric circuits, Magnetic effects of electric current, Current carrying conductor in magnetic field, Law of Electromagnetic Induction and its laws, Self Inductance, Mutual Inductance, Coupling Coefficient between two magnetically coupled circuits, Single Phase Transformer : Construction, Working principle, Efficiency, Voltage regulation and applications. (7) 4.Rotating Electrical Machines: D.C. machines (motors and generators), Three phase Induction Motor, Synchronous machines (motors and generators): construction, working principle, classification and applications. (7)

Part B (Electronics Engineering) 5. Transducers: Introduction, working and application of LVDT, Strain Gauge and Thermistor, Introduction and application of Digital Multimeter (7) 6. Semiconductor Devices: Principle of Operation, characteristics and application of PN Junction Diode, Rectifiers, Zener Diode, Principle of operation characteristics and applications of Bipolar Junction Transistor, Principle of Operator and characteristics Field Effect Transistor, Regulated Power Supply. (7) 7. Digital Electronics: Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal number System and its arithmetic operations, Logic gates, Introduction of RS, JK , D and T Flip Flops and its Truth Tables. (6) Suggested Readings/Books 1. Basic Electrical and Electronics and Computer Engineering by R Muthusubrmanian, S Slaicahanan, K A Muraleedharan, Tata McgrawHill 2. A Textbook of Electrical Technology by B.L. Theraja & A.K. Theraja, S. Chand publishers.
3. Electrical Technology, Edward Hughes, Addisin Wesey Longman Limited. A Course in Electrical and Electronics Measurements & Instrumentation by A.K. Sawhney, Dhanpat Rai & Co.

Previous Year Question Papers


Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, Dec-2005) Note: Section A is compulsory. Attempt any five questions from section B & C taking at least two questions from each part. Section-A 1. a) Write the mathematical expression for a 50 Hz sinusoidal voltage supplied for domestic purposes at 230 V. b) A wire carries both ac and dc current with max. value of ac 20A and 5A of ac. The frequency of resultant current is 25Hz. Write mathematical expression for the wire current as a function of time and draw the wave shape. c) Three 100+ resistors are connected in star across a 440V, 50Hz, 3-phase supply. One of the phases is disconnected. What will be the line current and total absorbed power? d) Why is an iron-silicon alloy used in a transformer? e) Why cannot a 3-phase induction motor run at synchronous speed? f) Which losses occur in a dc machine? g) When a resistor is placed across 230V supply (dc) the current is 12A. What is the value of resistor that must be connected in parallel to increase the load current to 16A. h) What are uses of LVDT for measurements? i) Convert the fractional decimal number (0.625)10 into a binary number. j) What is field effect transistor? List its applications. Section-B 2. (a) Give working principle of induction type energy meter. (b) Define mutual inductance (M) and show that

Where L1 and L2 are inductance of coil 1 and coil 2 respectively and K is coupling coefficient. 3. (a) Discuss principle of operation of a 3-phase induction motor. What is frequency of rotor current? Discuss. (b) A 3 phase induction motor is wound for 4 poles and is supplied from 3 phase, 50 Hz system. Calculate (i) the synchronous speed (ii) Speed of the motor when slip is 0.04 and (iii) the rotor when the motor runs at 60 rpm. 4. (a) Discuss how you analyze series R-C circuit. Draw its phasor diagram. (b) A series circuit consumes 7000 W when connected to 200V, 50Hz supply. the voltage across the resistor is 130V. Calculate (i) The resistance , Current (I), p.f (cos ), capacitance (c) and impedance (z) and (ii) also write equation for v (t) and i(t).

5. (a) Discuss the temperature dependence of resistance. (b) The filament of 60W, 230V lamp has a working temperature of 2000C. Take the temperature coefficient of the material to be 0.005. Find the approximate current which flows at instant of switching on the supply to the cold lamp. Section-C 6. (a) Define transducer. State its classifications with 4 examples of passive type transduction. (b) What is piezoelectric transducer? Give its advantages and disadvantages. 7. (a) Discuss working principle of a P-N junction diode. Also show its characteristics and mention some of its applications. (b) A germanium diode has a saturation current of 10-8A. Calculate for the junction current for a forward bias of 0.4. Volts and 300K. 8. (a) What is an integrated circuit? Why it is so commonly used? Discuss. (b) Explain the terms: CMMR and output offset voltage. 9. (a) What is T-flip flop? Give its symbol and draw wave from the flip flop. (b) What is meant by IC-Timer? How is IC-555 used to generate square wave form? Explain.

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Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, May-2006) Note: Section A is compulsory. Attempt any five questions from section B & C taking at least two questions from each part. Section-A 1. a) The length of a conductor is doubled and its area of cross section is also doubled, then the resistance will (i) Increase four times (ii) Remains unchanged (iii) Decrease to four times (iv) Change at random b) Give reasons why are all equipments connected to parallel to the supply? c) What is the theory of shunt? d) What will be the current passing through the ring shaped air cored coil when number of turns is 800 and ampere turns are 3200? e) Why are dc series motors never started at no load? f) Energy meter is (i) an indicating instrument, (ii) an integrating instrument, (iii) a recording instrument, (iv) an absolute instrument. g) On what principles do the variable inductance types of transducers work? h) For a transistor, if IE=1 m A and 2 = 0.98, determine the value of IB?

i) Why an inductor cannot be fabricated on an IC? j) Give the truth table for J-K flip flop. Section-B 2. (a) State ohms law (b) What is the effect of temperature on resistivity? (c) A motor winding has a resistance of 809 at the room temperature of 20C before switching ON to a 230 V. After 4 hours run the winding resistance is 100 9. Find the temperature rise if the material resistance temperature coefficient is 1/234.5C? 3. Derive the necessary equations for converting a delta network into an equivalent star network. 4. Explain the principle and working of a DC generator. 5. (a) Compare the moving iron and moving coil meters. (b) Explain, how will you extend the range of an ammeter? Section-C 6. (a) With the help of a neat diagram explain the principle and operation of a linear variable differential transducer. (b) List out the advantages of LVDTs. 7. (a) Explain FET as an amplifier. (b) What is the difference between MOSFET and FET? 8. Give the PIN diagram and its description for ICs 74XX series. 9. (a) Explain the working of R.S. flip flop. (b) Compare R-S flip flop with D flip flop. ********************************************************************** Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, Dec-2006) Note: Section A is compulsory. Attempt any five questions from section B & C taking at least two questions from each part. Section-A 1. a) What is Ohms law? State its limitations. b) Give concept of Work & Energy. c) A capacitor of 25 F is connected to a supply of 200 V, 50 Hz. What will be current flowing through the capacitor? d) What is parallel resonance and why it is also known as current resonance? e) State similarities of electric and magnetic circuits.

f) Define terms slip and slip frequency in case of 3-phase induction motor. g) What is photoelectric transducer? h) Sketch turn off characteristics of Thyristor. i) Draw and label the pin diagrams of IC 555. j) What is race-around in JK flip flop? Section-B 2. (a) State and explain Kirchhoffs law. (b) A current of 20 A flows through two ammeters A and B in series. The potential difference across A is 0.2 V, and across B is 0.3 V. Find now the same current will divide between A and B, when they are in parallel. 3. (a) Derive the conditions of resonance in a.c. RLC series circuits. (b) A series RLC circuit with R=250=, and L=0.6 H results in a leading phase angle of 60 at frequency 40 Hz. At what frequency will be circuit resonate? 4. (a) State Faradays law of electromagnetic induction. (b) Explain the constructional detail and working principle of a DC generator. Draw the internal and external characteristics. 5. (a) With the help of neat diagram, explain the construction and principle of operation of a single phase energy meter. (b) Discuss advantages and disadvantages of Permanent magnet moving coil instruments. Why these instruments are not suitable for a.c measurements? Section-C 6. (a) What do you understand by piezo resistive effect? Derive an expression to show that if the change in resistivity of a material when strained is neglected then the gauge factor (Gf) to a strain gauge equals to 1+2C, where v is Poissons ratio. (b) Give the working principle of photoelectric transducer. 7. (a) What is the difference between avalanche and zener breakdown? How does zener diode maintain a constant voltage across the load? (b) Explain the construction and working of JFET. What is the difference between FET and bipolar transistor? 8. (a) Convert the hexadecimal 8A3D into decimal and binary equivalent. Convert the decimal number 5796.12 into hexadecimal. (b) What are universe gates and why they are called so? How can OR and XOR gates be realized using NAND gates only? 9. (a) What are the characteristics of an ideal operational amplifier? Define the terms CMRR and PSRR. (b) Discuss the application of IC 741 as non converting amplifier.

************************************************************ Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, May- 2007) Time: 03 Hours Instruction to Candidates: 1) Section- A is Compulsory. 2) Attempt any five questions from Section- B & C. 3) Select at least two questions from Section- B & C. Section - A (Marks: 2 Each) a) Define T emp. Coefficient of resistance & give its units. b) Define R.M.S. value of A.C. c) Give the relation between phase & line values of voltage& current for star connection. d) What is the working principle of D.C. motor. e) Give the working principle of moving iron instruments. f) Draw the static characteristics of thyristor. g) Convert1 01011in to decimal system & octal system. h) Write the working principle of Thermistor & Thermocouple. i) State Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction. j) Draw the symbolic representation of BJT and FET. Section - B (Marks: 8 Each) Q2) State KCL and KVL. Q3) Draw & explain the phasor diagram of RLC series circuit and give the condition for resonance in this circuit. Q4) Explain the working principle & construction of three phase induction motor. Q5) Explain the construction & working of induction type energy meter. Section - C (Marks: 8 Each) Q6) What is LVDT. Explain its use for the measurement of displacement.. Q7) What is Zener Diode. Explain its use as voltage regulator. Q8) Draw & explain the PIN diagram of IC 7400. Q9) Draw the equivalent circuit & truth table of RS Flip-Flop. ***************************************************************

Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, Dec-2007) Note: Section A is compulsory. Attempt any five questions from section B & C taking at least two questions from each part. Section-A 1. a) What is the effect of temperature on the resistance of the conductor? b) Instantaneous current is given by the relation I=20 Sin 314t, Find r.m.s and average value of a.c. c) What is mutual inductance? Give units. d) What are linear and non linear circuits? e) What do you mean by slip in induction motor? f) Name sources of errors in moving iron instruments. g) Find resultant of (8+j6) x (-10-j7.5). h) What is gauge factor? i) Draw symbols of BJT and Zener diode. j) Convert (1245)10 into Binary number system. Section-B 2. (a) State and explain Kirchoffs laws. (b) Find the value of R and current through each branch if current in branch AO is zero.

3. (a) Discuss the phasor relation between emf and current when a.c. flows through series L-R circuit. (b) Two impedances Z1 = 10 + J 15 ohm and Z2 = 6 j8 ohm are connected in parallel and supply current is 20 amp. What is power dissipation in each branch? 4. (a) Derive an expression for emf equation of d.c. generator. (b) The efficiency of a 1000 KVA, 110/220 V , 50 Hz single phase transformer is 98.5% at half load at 0.8 power factor leading and 98.8% at full load unit power factor. Find (i) Iron loss (ii) full load copper loss.

5. Explain the principle and working of attraction type moving iron instruments and derive expression for deflecting torque. Section-C 6. Explain the principle and working of LVDT. 7. (a) Explain the action of PNP transistor. (b)Draw and explain static V-I characteristics of SCR. 8. (a) Describe pin diagram of 741. (b) Explain the working of thermocouple thermometer. 9. Describe in detail the operation of J-K flip flop with wave form. ********************************************************************* Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, May 2008) Section - A Q 1) a) Find the temperature at which resistance of conductor double to that at 0oC. b) What is admittance? Give units. c) Draw symbols of NAND gate and N OR Gate. d) What is gauge factor? e) The synchronous speed of induction motor is 1500 r .p.m. and rotor speed is 1440 r.p.m. Find slip. f) What is shunt? Give uses. g) Give advantages and disadvantages of PMMC instruments. h) What is voltmeter sensitivity? i) Write equivalent polar form of vector 3 + j4 and illustrate on phasor diagram. j) Convert (4287)10 into Hexadecimal Number System. Section - B (Marks: 8 Each) Q2) (a) Derive an expression for resistivity of a conductor material and explain the effect of temperature on it. (b) A wire of 100 ohm resistance is cut into how many equal pieces so that when they are connected in parallel resultant is 1 ohm. . Q3) (a) Discuss the phasor relation between e mf and current when a .c. f lows Through series C-R circuit. (b) An a.c. has f requency 50 Hz and r.m.s current 25 amp. Write equation of Instantaneous current and find (i) current at time 0.0025 second (ii) time at which current is 14.14 amp. Q4) (a) Derive an expression of emf equation of single phase transformer.

(b) A 60 kW 250V shunt motor; takes l6A when running light at 1440 r pm. The resistance of armature and field windings are 0 .2 ohm and 125 ohm resp. (i) Find the efficiency of the motor when taking 152 A. (ii) Also estimate the efficiency when working as generator and delivering 152 Ampere at 250V. Q5) Explain the principle and working of dynamometer type instruments and derive expression for deflecting torque. Section-C (Marks: 8 Each) Q6) (a) Draw and explain input and output characteristics of NPN transistor. (b) Explain working of PN junction diode as full wave rectifier. Q7) (a) Describe pin diagram of 555I C. (b) Explain the working of thermocouple thermometer. Q8) Describe in detail the operation of R-S f lip flop with wave form. Q9) Explain principle and operation of unbounded metal strain gauge and bonded resistance wire strain gauge. ********************************************************************** Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, Dec. 2008) Section - A Marks: 2 Each Q1) a) State Ohm's law and give its limitations. b) Define Root Mean Square value of a sinusoidal wave. c) State Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction d) Give significance of back emf in dc motors e) State significance of damping torque in measuring instruments. f) What is meant by Creeping in energy rneters? g) Give advantages and limitations of foil strain gauges. h) Define ripple factor in rectifiers and give its significance. i) Convert the decimal number 3 9.75 to hexadecirnal. j) What is the difference between combinational and sequential circuit? Section - B Marks: 8 Each Q2) (a) State and explain Kirchhoff's laws. (b) Discuss the temperature dependence of metals and semiconductors. Q3) (a) Discuss the RLC parallel resonant circuit?

(b) A coil of 20 Ohm resistance and 0.2H inductance is connected in parallel with a capacitor of 100pF capacitance. Find the frequency of resonance and the effective impedance at resonance. Q4) (a) Compare electric and magnetic circuits. Establish the relationship between magneto motive forge, magnetic flux and magnetic reluctance. (b) What is meant by armature reaction in dc generator? Discuss extemal Characteristics of dc generator. Q5) (a) Describe the construction and working of an attraction type moving iron voltmeter. Give the sources of error. (b) Discuss the salient features of Multirneters. Section - C [Marks: 8 Each] Q6) (a) Discuss construction working principle, merits and demerits of LVDT. (b) Justify the statement that piezo-electric transducer cannot be used for measurement of static displacements. Q7) (a) Explain how the process of avalanche breakdown occurs in a p-n junction diode. How is it different from zener breakdown? (b) Discuss the working of a full wave rectifier. Q8) (a) What are characteristics of an ideal operational amplifier? Discuss the working of inverting amplifier. (b) Give pin configuration of IC 555. Q9) (a) What are the different logic gates? Give their truth tables. (b) Give the logic diagram of clocked R S flip flop. Discuss its working. *********************************************************************** Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, May 2009) Section - A Q1) (Marks: 2 each) a) Define Average value of a sinusoidal wave. b) What is leakage coefficient? Give its effect in magnetic circuit. c) Which dc motor is used for traction purpose and why? d) Differentiate between squirrel cage & slip ring induction motor. e) State working principle of induction type instruments. f) Define Hall's effect and give its applications. g) Draw turn off characteristics of thyristor. h) State salient features of zener diode. i) Convert the decimal number 39.75 to octal. j) What is XOR gate? Draw its truth table.

Section - B (Marks: 8 each) Q2) (a) How does the resistance of metals and semiconductors vary with temperature? What is the significance of a negative temperature coefficient? (b) State and explain Kirchhoff's laws. Q3) (a) Discuss various characteristics of a series R LC resonant circuit. Derive mathematical expressions in support of your discussion. (b) A series circuit consists of a 115 ohm resistor, a 0.024 F capacitor and coil of inductance L. If the resonant frequency of the circuit is 1000H z, determine inductance and bandwidth. Q4 (a) Define the coefficient of inductance. Obtain an expression for the force between two parallel conductors carrying currents. (b) With the help of a neat diagram discuss various parts of dc machine. Q5) Describe with constructional detail the principle and working of a moving coil permanent magnet type ammeter. What type of control and damping are used in this instrument? Draw neat sketches to illustrate your answer. Section - C (Marks: 8 each) 06) (a) Define gauge f actor. Explain why semiconductor strain gauges have high values for the gauge factor. (b) Discuss the working principle, frequency response and applications of Piezoelectric transducers. Q7) (a) Discuss the operation of n-channel JFET and plot its drain characteristics. Define pinch off voltage. (b) Briefly compare the turn on methods of thyristors. Q8) (a) What is importance of integrated circuit? Classify the different types of IC's. (b) What is the need of voltage regulator in a power supply? Discuss the applications of voltage regulator I C 7805. Q9) (a) What are the Universal gates? Why are they so called? (b) What is JK flip flop? Discuss its working. What is race around condition? ***********************************************************************

Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, Dec. 2009) Section - A Q 1) a) Define Temp. Coefficient of resistance & give its units. b) Define R.M.S. value of A.C. c) Give the relation between phase & line values of voltage & current for star connection. d) What is the working principle of D.C. motor? e) Give the working principle of moving iron instruments. f) Draw the static characteristics of thyristor. g) Convert1 01011in to decimal system& octal system. h) Write the working principle of Thermistor & Thermocouple. i) State Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction. j) Draw the symbolic representation of BJT and FET. Section - B Q 2) State KVL and KCL. Find Current in the following Circuit using KVL?

Q3) Draw & explain the phasor diagram of RLC series circuit and give the condition for resonance in this circuit. Q4) Explain the working principle & construction of three phase induction motor. Q5) Explain the construction & working of induction type energy meter. Section - C (Marks: 8 Each) Q6) What is LVDT. Explain its use for the measurement of displacement.. Q7) What is Zener Diode. Explain its use as voltage regulator. Q8) Draw & explain the PIN diagram of IC 7400. Q9) Draw the equivalent circuit & truth table of RS Flip-Flop.

************************************************************************ Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, May 2010) Section - A Q 1) a) A wire of length l m has a resistance of 2 ohm. Obtain its resistance if specific resistance is doubled, diameter is doubled and length is made three times of the first. b) How much heat does 2kW electric heater produce when it is operated for 30 minutes? c) What techniques are used to get control for torque in an indicating instrument? Discuss d) A 50H2,4 -po1e,3 phase induction motor has rotor current frequency of 2Hz. Obtain slip and speed of the motor. e) Convert the fractional decimal number (0.625)10 in to binary number. f) Why cannot a 3-phase induction motor run at synchronous speed? g) Give an analogy between electric circuit and magnetic circuit. h) List out various losses that take place in transformer. Which loss is independent of load? i) Do wave shapes other than sine wave have effective values? Explain. j) Discuss, why the phase spread of three-phase winding is 60o and not 1200. Section - B (Marks: 8 Each) Q 2) (a) Define rms, average and form factor of a sinusoidal alternating voltage. (b) A resistance of 2 ohm, inductance of . 1 H and a capacitance of 100 microF are connected in series across ac 220V, 100Hz supply. Calculate the current and its power factor, power consumed and phase angle mentioning whether it is leading or lagging. Q 3) (a) What is meant by resonant frequency? (b) For a series R-L-C circuit the inductor is variable. Source voltage is 200 sinl00t. Maximum current obtainable by varying the Inductance is 0.3144 voltage across the capacitor then is 300V. Find the circuit element values. Q4) Give a clear explanation of the production of torque in 3-phase induction motor. Q5) Discuss working principle of moving iron voltmeter. What are main differences Between moving coil and moving iron instruments? Discuss. Section - C (Marks : 8 Each) Q6) Define transducers. How are theses classified? Give four examples of active transducers. Q7) (a)With the help of functional block discuss working of an IC 555 timer. (b) How is IC- 555 used as frequency divider? Explain.

Q8) (a) What is T Flip flop? Give its symbol and draw wave form of T flip-flop. (b) What are flip-flops? How are invectors used to represents a S-R flip flop? Discuss. Q9) (a) What is Bipolar junction transistor (BJT). List applications of BJT. (b) What is a P-N junction and how is it formed? Explain V-I characteristics of a P-N junction diode. *********************************************************************** Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EE-101, Dec. 2010) Section - A Q 1) a) The resistance of two wires is 25 when connected in series and 4 when connected in parallel. Calculate the resistance of each wire. b) Determine the average and rms values of sinusoidal current of peak value 40A. c) Explain the working principle of a D.C shunt generator. d) List various parts of a squirrel cage induction Motor. e) What is the function of moving disc in a single phase induction type energy meter. f) Explain why moving coil permanent magnets are not used for ac measurements. g) What is a piezo electric transducer? h) Draw the voltage-current characteristics of an SCR. i) what are linear ICs? j) Draw the truth table of a J-K flip flop. Section - B (Marks:8 Each) Q2) (a) Define temperature coefficient of resistance? Why is its knowledge important? (b) Two heaters A and B are in parallel across the supply voltage V . Heater A produces 5 00 kilo calories in10 minutes and B produces1000 kilo calories in 10 minutes. If the resistance of A is l0 , what is the resistance of B? How much heat will be produced in 5 minutes, if the heaters are connected in series. Q3) A circuit of resistance1 5 and inductive reactance l2 is connected in parallel with another circuit consisting of a resistor of 25 in series with a capacitor of reactance 17 . The combination is energised from a 200V 50 Hz supply. Find the branch currents, total currents and power factor of the combination. Q4) (a) Define self inductance and mutual inductance. Derive an expression between self inductance of two coils, mutual inductance between them and coefficient of coupling. (b) Explain the working principle of a transformer and draw a sketch showing parts of a core type transformer. Q5) With the help of neat diagrams explain the construction and working of repulsion type of moving iron instrument. Enumerate its advantages and disadvantages

Section - C (Marks: 8 Each) Q6) (a) Explain the working of a Linear Variable differential transformer. (b) What is a thermo couple? Where are thermocouples used practically? Q7) (a) What are field effect transistors? Explain the differences between JFET and MOSFET. (b) Explain the working of a full bridge rectifier. Q8) (a) Draw the pin diagram of IC78 XX and explain the connections of each Pin. (b) What is IC 555 used for? Give its Pin diagram. Q9) (a) Convert the decimal number 150 into its equivalent binary hexadecimal and octal number. (b) What is a flip-flop? What is meant by a clocked flip-flop? Why S = R= 1 condition not permitted in a S-R flip-flop? ************************************************************************

Question Bank

1. Direct Current (DC) Circuits Q 1) Distinguish between e.m.f. and potential difference? Q 2) What do you understand by electric current? Give its units. Explain why the flow of electron in an electric circuit is opposite to the direction of conventional current? Q 3) What are the factors affecting the resistance of a conductor? Q 4) State and explain Ohms law. Give its limitations? Q 5) State and explain Kirchhoffs current and voltage laws? Q 6) Discuss the temperature dependence of resistance. Q 7) Give the reason why all the equipment are connected in parallel to the supply? Q 8) Derive the necessary equations for converting a delta network into equivalent star network? Q 9) What are transients? How are they produced? Q 10) Determine the expressions for i(t), vR(t) and vL(t) when R-L series circuit is switched on to a step voltage V volt? Q 11) Determine the expressions for i(t), vR(t) and vL(t) when R-C series circuit is switched on to a step voltage V volt? Q 12) A wire of length l m has a resistance of 2 ohm. Obtain its resistance if specific resistance is doubled, diameter is doubled and length is made three times of the first. Q 13) How does the resistance of metals and semiconductors vary with temperature? What is the significance of a negative temperature coefficient? Q 14) Find the temperature at which resistance of conductor double to that at 0oC.The length of a conductor is doubled and its area of cross section is also doubled, then the resistance will (i) Increase four times (ii) Remains unchanged (iii) Decrease to four times (iv) Change at random Q 15) A wire carries both ac and dc current with max. value of ac 20A and 5A of ac. The frequency of resultant current is 25Hz. Write mathematical expression for the wire current as a function of time and draw the wave shape. Q 16) The filament of 60W, 230V lamp has a working temperature of 2000C. Take the temperature coefficient of the material to be 0.005. Find the approximate current which flows at instant of switching on the supply to the cold lamp.

2. Alternative Current (AC) Fundamentals Q 1) Explain how a sinusoidal e.m.f. is generated?

Q 2) Q 3) Q 4) Q 5) Q 6) Q 7) Q 8)

Derive an expression for the instantaneous values of alternating voltage varying sinusoidally? Define r.m.s value and average value of an alternating quantity? Show that the r.m.s. value of a sinusoidal a.c. voltage of amplitude Vm is Vm/2. Show that form factor of sinusoidal waveform is 1.11. Explain with mathematical expression that power consumed in a pure inductance is zero? Write down the relationships between line voltage and line current with phase voltage and phase current in star- connected and delta connected circuits? A circuit of resistance1 5 and inductive reactance l2 is connected in parallel with another circuit consisting of a resistor of 25 in series with a capacitor of reactance 17 . The combination is energised from a 200V 50 Hz supply. Find the branch currents, total currents and power factor of the combination. For a series R-L-C circuit the inductor is variable. Source voltage is 200 sinl00t. Maximum current obtainable by varying the Inductance is 0.3144 voltage across the capacitor then is 300V. Find the circuit element values. Define temperature coefficient of resistance? Why is its knowledge important? What is meant by resonant frequency? A resistance of 2 ohm, inductance of . 1 H and a capacitance of 100 microF are connected in series across ac 220V, 100Hz supply. Calculate the current and its power factor, power consumed and phase angle mentioning whether it is leading or lagging. Do wave shapes other than sine wave have effective values? Explain. Draw & explain the phasor diagram of RLC series circuit and give the condition for resonance in this circuit. A coil of 20 Ohm resistance and 0.2H inductance is connected in parallel with a capacitor of 100pF capacitance. Find the frequency of resonance and the effective impedance at resonance. Instantaneous current is given by the relation I=20 Sin 314t, Find r.m.s and average value of a.c. 3. Magnetic Circuits and Transformer

Q 9) Q 10) Q 11) Q 12) Q 13) Q 14) Q 15) Q 16)

Q 1) Q 2) Q 3) Q 4) Q 5) Q 6) Q 7) Q 8) Q 9)

Why is an iron-silicon alloy used in a transformer? State similarities of electric and magnetic circuits. State Faradays law of electromagnetic induction. Derive an expression of emf equation of single phase transformer. The efficiency of a 1000 KVA, 110/220 V , 50 Hz single phase transformer is 98.5% at half load at 0.8 power factor leading and 98.8% at full load unit power factor. Find (i) Iron loss (ii) full load copper loss. Compare electric and magnetic circuits. Establish the relationship between magneto motive forge, magnetic flux and magnetic reluctance. Define the coefficient of inductance. Obtain an expression for the force between two parallel conductors carrying currents. List out various losses that take place in transformer. Which loss is independent of load? Define self inductance and mutual inductance. Derive an expression between self inductance of two coils, mutual inductance between them and coefficient of coupling.

Q 10) Explain the working principle of a transformer and draw a sketch showing parts of a core type transformer. Q 11) What is transformer? What is its necessity in the power system? Q 12) Explain why the core of a transformer is laminated? Q 13) State why silicon steel is selected for the core of a transformer? Q 14) Define coefficient of coupling and show that k= M/ L1L2? Q 15) What do you mean by Eddy currents? Q 16) Explain what is meant by regulation of a transformer? 4. Rotating Electrical Machines Q 1) Q 2) Q 3) Q 4) Q 5) Q 6) Q 7) Q 8) Q 9) Q 10) Q 11) Q 12) Q 13) Q 14) Q 15) Q 16) Q 17) Q 18) Armature core of a dc machine is always laminated, why? What is Slip of an induction motor? In case of 3 phase induction motor, slip is always positive, why? Show that in induction motor, the rotor always run in the direction of stator field? Starters are used for starting 3 phase induction motors, why? What is back e.m.f? Using characteristics, explain why a dc series motor (i) is suitable for electric traction and (ii) should never be started without a load on it ? Can 3 phase induction motor run at synchronous speed? Derive an expression for rotor copper loss in terms of slip and input to the rotor? State the difference between squirrel cage rotor and wound rotor type of induction motor? List the advantages of of making field system rotating and armature stationary in case of alternator? What is the effect on speed if load on a synchronous motor is increased? Which losses occur in a dc machine? Discuss principle of operation of a 3-phase induction motor. What is frequency of rotor current? Discuss. A 3 phase induction motor is wound for 4 poles and is supplied from 3 phase, 50 Hz system. Calculate (i) the synchronous speed (ii) Speed of the motor when slip is 0.04 and (iii) the rotor when the motor runs at 60 rpm. Explain the constructional detail and working principle of a DC generator. Draw the internal and external characteristics. Derive an expression for emf equation of d.c. generator. A 60 kW 250V shunt motor; takes l6A when running light at 1440 r pm. The resistance of armature and field windings are 0 .2 ohm and 125 ohm resp. (i) Find the efficiency of the motor when taking 152 A. (ii) Also estimate the efficiency when working as generator and delivering 152 Ampere at 250V. 5. Transducers Q 1) Q 2) Q 3) Q 4) Q 5) What is a transducer? Give its classification? List the uses of thermistor? What are the uses of LVDT for measurement? What is Gauge Factor? Give advantages and limitations of foil strain gauge?

Q 6) Q 8)

What is the working principle of Thermistor? Q 7) What are Transducers? Mention the advantages of converting all the physical quantities into electrical signals for measurement? Explain the construction and working of LVDT with neat diagram? Q 9) How LVDT is used to measure the displacement? What do you understand by sensitivity of an LVDT? Q 10) Explain the working of Digital Multimeter with block diagram? Mention its applications? Q 11) Explain principle and operation of unbounded metal strain gauge and bonded resistance wire strain gauge.

6. Semiconductor Devices Q 1) Q 2) Q 3) Q 4) Q 5) Q 6) Q 7) Q 8) Q 9) Q 10) Q 11) Q 12) Q 13) Q 14) Q 15) Q 16) Q 17) Q 18) Q 19) Q 20) Q 21) Q 22) Q 23) Q 24) Q 25) In case of PN junction diode, when barrier potential reaches to 0.7 V, diffusion stops, why? When PN junction is forward baised , the barrier potential is wiped off, why? It is said that ideal diode acts like an electronic switch, why? It is not necessary to use transformer in bridge rectifier, whereas it is necessary to use in centre tap full wave rectifier, why? Zener Diode always operated in reverse biasing, why? Discuss the behaviour of PN Junction diode; both when forward baised and reverse baised? Give suitable diagrams whenever necessary? What do you understand by depletion region and barrier potential? Give their significance? Define knee voltage, PIV, maximum forward current and maximum power rating? What do you understand by Ideal Diode? Draw its V-I characteristics and explain its switching action? Explain the process of avalanche breakdown? Draw the circuit diagram of a half wave rectifier? Explain its working. What is the minimum frequency of ripple in its output? Derive an expression for rectification efficiency of a half wave rectifier? Explain the working of (i) Centre tap full wave rectifier and (ii) Bridge full wave rectifier? Why Bridge type full wave rectifier is preferred over centre tap rectifier? Show that the maximum rectification efficiency of a full wave rectifier is 81.2%? What is ripple factor? Prove that the ripple factor for a half wave and full wave rectifier is 1.21 and 0.482 respectively? What is zener diode? Draw the equivalent circuit of an ideal and actual zener diode? Explain how a zener diode maintains constant voltage across the load? Draw the block diagram of regulated power supply. Explain in brief the function of each block? What is field effect transistor? List its applications. Explain FET as an amplifier. What is the difference between avalanche and zener breakdown? How does zener diode maintain a constant voltage across the load? Explain the construction and working of JFET. What is the difference between FET and bipolar transistor? Draw the symbolic representation of BJT and FET. Draw symbols of BJT and Zener diode.

Q 26) Explain the action of PNP transistor. Draw its I/O characteristics in all possible configurations? Q 27) Explain the working of NPN transistor with the help of its V-I characteristics in all possible configurations? Q 28) Draw and explain input and output characteristics of NPN transistor. Q 29) State salient features of zener diode. Q 30) Discuss the operation of n-channel JFET and plot its drain characteristics. Define pinch off voltage. Q 31) What is Bipolar junction transistor (BJT). List applications of BJT. 7. Digital Electronics Q 1) Q 2) Q 3) Q 4) Q 5) Q 6) Q 7) Q 8) Q 9) Q 10) Q 11) Q 12) Q 13) Q 14) Q 15) Q 16) Q 17) Convert the fractional decimal number (0.625)10 into a binary number. What is T-flip flop? Give its symbol and draw wave from the flip flop. Give the truth table for J-K flip flop. Explain the working of R.S. flip flop. Compare R-S flip flop with D flip flop. What is race-around in JK flip flop? Draw the equivalent circuit & truth table of RS Flip-Flop. Convert the hexadecimal 8A3D into decimal and binary equivalent. Convert the decimal number 5796.12 into hexadecimal. What are universe gates and why they are called so? How can OR and XOR gates be realized using NAND gates only? Convert (1245)10 into Binary number system. Describe in detail the operation of J-K flip flop with wave form. Convert the decimal number 3 9.75 to hexadecirnal. What are the different logic gates? Give their truth tables. Convert the decimal number 39.75 to octal. What is XOR gate? Draw its truth table. What are the Universal gates? Why are they so called? What is a flip-flop? What is meant by a clocked flip-flop? Why S = R= 1 condition not permitted in a S-R flip-flop? ***********************************************************************

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