Reflective Practice

Models of reflection
Models of Reflection
 Models of Reflection

• Gibbs (1988)
• Kolb (1984)
• Johns’ (1994)
Gibbs (1988)
 Gibbs (1988)
• Confronts practitioners to consider their normal way
of thinking and responding within the situation
towards gaining insight into self and practice (Johns
2005 p18).
 Gibbs (1988)
• Confronts practitioners to consider their normal way
of thinking and responding within the situation
towards gaining insight into self and practice (Johns
2005 p18).
• It’s simple and encourages a clear description of the
situation
 Gibbs (1988)
• Confronts practitioners to consider their normal way
of thinking and responding within the situation
towards gaining insight into self and practice (Johns
2005 p18).
• It’s simple and encourages a clear description of the
situation
• Analyses feelings
 Gibbs (1988)
• Confronts practitioners to consider their normal way
of thinking and responding within the situation
towards gaining insight into self and practice (Johns
2005 p18).
• It’s simple and encourages a clear description of the
situation
• Analyses feelings
• An evaluation of the experience/makes sense of the
experience
 Gibbs (1988)
• Confronts practitioners to consider their normal way
of thinking and responding within the situation
towards gaining insight into self and practice (Johns
2005 p18).
• It’s simple and encourages a clear description of the
situation
• Analyses feelings
• An evaluation of the experience/makes sense of the
experience
• Examines what you would do if the situation arose
again.
 Gibbs (1988)
• Confronts practitioners to consider their normal way
of thinking and responding within the situation
towards gaining insight into self and practice (Johns
2005 p18).
• It’s simple and encourages a clear description of the
situation
• Analyses feelings
• An evaluation of the experience/makes sense of the
experience
• Examines what you would do if the situation arose
again.
 Action Plan Description
If the situation What happened?
arose again what
would I do?

Conclusion Gibbs Feelings

What else could What was I
I have done? Model of thinking and
feeling?
Reflection

Analysis Evaluation
What sense could What was good
be made of the and bad about
situation ? the situation ?
Kolb (1984)
 Kolb (1984)

• A cycle that refers to a process whereby

individuals, teams and organisations attend
to and understand their experiences and
consequently modify their behavior.
Kolb- The learning cycle
 Kolb- The learning cycle
Consists of four cardinal points and can be entered
from any direction:
 Kolb- The learning cycle
Consists of four cardinal points and can be entered
from any direction:
1. Experiencing or immersing oneself in the doing of the
task
 Kolb- The learning cycle
Consists of four cardinal points and can be entered
from any direction:
1. Experiencing or immersing oneself in the doing of the
task
2. Reflecting or stepping back from the task and
reviewing what has been done and experienced
 Kolb- The learning cycle
Consists of four cardinal points and can be entered
from any direction:
1. Experiencing or immersing oneself in the doing of the
task
2. Reflecting or stepping back from the task and
reviewing what has been done and experienced
3. Conceptualisation involves interpreting the events that
have been noticed and understanding the relationship
among them
 Kolb- The learning cycle
Consists of four cardinal points and can be entered
from any direction:
1. Experiencing or immersing oneself in the doing of the
task
2. Reflecting or stepping back from the task and
reviewing what has been done and experienced
3. Conceptualisation involves interpreting the events that
have been noticed and understanding the relationship
among them
4. Planning enables taking the new understanding and
translates it into predictions about what is likely to
happen next or what actions should be taken to refine
the way the task is handled
Kolb
 Kolb
This cycle is an effective team reflection model,
allowing:
 Kolb
This cycle is an effective team reflection model,
allowing:
• Doing- teams are engaged in team task/interaction
 Kolb
This cycle is an effective team reflection model,
allowing:
• Doing- teams are engaged in team task/interaction
• Reflection- The team use ‘public’ reflections and open
dialogue to share perceptions of the occurrence
 Kolb
This cycle is an effective team reflection model,
allowing:
• Doing- teams are engaged in team task/interaction
• Reflection- The team use ‘public’ reflections and open
dialogue to share perceptions of the occurrence
• Interpretation- The team increases cohesiveness and
develops a common culture
 Kolb
This cycle is an effective team reflection model,
allowing:
• Doing- teams are engaged in team task/interaction
• Reflection- The team use ‘public’ reflections and open
dialogue to share perceptions of the occurrence
• Interpretation- The team increases cohesiveness and
develops a common culture
• Planning- The team engages in joint planning, decision
making and express commitment to action
Kolb Learning cycle, 1984
Johns’ (1994)
 Johns’ (1994)

• The ‘paradigm’ model is intended to enable the

grounded theory researcher to think systematically
about complex data at an appropriate level of
precision and density. It enables the practitioner to
tell there story while encouraging them to identify
what is significant and reflect upon the feelings
induced (Johns and Freshwater 1998 Pg4)
Johns’ (2000) Model of
structured reflection
 Johns’ (2000) Model of
structured reflection
• This model can be used as a guide for analysis of
critical incident or indeed general reflection on
experience and is useful for more complex decision
making
 Johns’ (2000) Model of
structured reflection
• This model can be used as a guide for analysis of
critical incident or indeed general reflection on
experience and is useful for more complex decision
making
• Johns’ suggests that- The need for learners to be
supported through their learning experience/guided
reflection and that students should maintain and
reflective diary
Johns’ cont’d
 Johns’ cont’d

• Sharing reflections on learning experiences

allows for greater understanding of those
experiences can be achieved than by
reflection as a lone exercise!
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• Written to inform
Any Questions?