TRAFFIC SAFETY FACTS

2010 Data
DOT HS 811 625 August 2012

Pedestrians
In 2010, 4,280 pedestrians were killed and an estimated 70,000 were injured in traffic crashes in the United States. On average, a pedestrian was killed every two hours and injured every eight minutes in traffic crashes. A pedestrian, as defined for the purpose of this Traffic Safety Fact Sheet, is any person on foot, walking, running, jogging, hiking, sitting or lying down who is involved in a motor vehicle traffic crash. For the purpose of this Traffic Safety Fact Sheet a traffic crash is an incident that involves one or more vehicles where at least one vehicle is in-transport and the crash originates on a public traffic way. Crashes that occurred exclusively on private property, including parking lots and driveways, were excluded. The 4,280 pedestrian fatalities in 2010 were an increase of 4 percent from 2009, but a decrease of 13 percent from 2001. In 2010, pedestrian deaths accounted for 13 percent of all traffic fatalities, and made up 3 percent of all the people injured in traffic crashes.
Table 1

In 2010, 4,280 pedestrians died in traffic crashes a 4-percent increase from the number reported in 2009.

Total Fatalities and Pedestrian Fatalities in Traffic Crashes, 2001-2010

Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total Fatalities 42,196 43,005 42,884 42,836 43,510 42,708 41,259 37,423 33,883 32,885 Pedestrian Fatalities 4,901 4,851 4,774 4,675 4,892 4,795 4,699 4,414 4,109 4,280 Percent of Total Fatalities 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 13

NHTSAs National Center for Statistics and Analysis

1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590

Almost three-fourths (73%) of pedestrian fatalities occurred in an urban setting versus a rural setting. Nearly four-fifths (79%) of pedestrian fatalities occurred at non-intersections versus at intersections. Eighty-eight percent of pedestrian fatalities occurred during normal weather conditions (clear/cloudy), compared to rain, snow and foggy conditions. A majority of the pedestrian fatalities, 68 percent, occurred during the nighttime. Between 2009 and 2010 all these percentages stayed relatively level.

In 2010, pedestrian deaths accounted for 13 percent of all traffic fatalities in motor vehicle traffic crashes. Since 2001, the number of pedestrian fatalities has decreased by 13percent.

Table 2

Percentage of Pedestrian Fatalities in Relation to Land Use, Non-Motorist Location, Weather and Time of Day
Percentage of Pedestrians Killed Pedestrians Killed Rural Urban Intersection Non-Intersection Clear/Cloudy Rain Snow Fog Daytime Nighttime 2009 Land Use 28% 72% Non-Motorist Location 25% 75% Weather 89% 9% 1% 1% Time of Day 31% 69% 32% 68% 88% 9% 1% 1% 21% 79% 27% 73% 2010

Age
Older pedestrians (age 65+) accounted for 19 percent (826) of all pedestrian fatalities and an estimated 11 percent (8,000) of all pedestrians injured in 2010. In 2010, the fatality rate for older pedestrians (age 65+) was 2.04 per 100,000 population higher than the rate for all the other ages. In 2010, almost one-fifth (19%) of all children between the ages of 5 and 9 who were killed in traffic crashes were pedestrians. Children age 15 and younger accounted for 7percent of the pedestrian fatalities in 2010 and 23 percent of all pedestrians injured in traffic crashes.

NHTSAs National Center for Statistics and Analysis

1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590

Table 3

Motor Vehicle Traffic Crash Fatalities and Injuries and Pedestrians Killed or Injured, by Age Group, 2010
Age Group (Years) <5 5-9 10-15 16-20 21-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80+ Unknown Total Age Group (Years) <5 5-9 10-15 16-20 21-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80+ Total Total Killed 402 353 673 3,441 3,325 3,103 2,435 2,236 2,299 2,598 2,481 2,239 1,770 1,345 1,033 1,088 2,018 46 32,885 Total Injured 41,000 58,000 96,000 309,000 240,000 227,000 179,000 173,000 172,000 170,000 166,000 122,000 98,000 66,000 41,000 35,000 46,000 2,239,000 Pedestrians Killed 94 68 131 282 277 328 271 281 292 394 404 368 247 201 160 171 294 17 4,280 Pedestrians Injured 2,000 5,000 9,000 8,000 4,000 6,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 5,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 3,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 70,000 Percentage of Total Killed 23 19 19 8 8 11 11 13 13 15 16 16 14 15 15 16 15 37 13 Percentage of Total Injured 5 8 9 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 5 4 4 3 3

In 2010, almost onefifth of the children between the ages of 5 and 9 killed in traffic crashes were pedestrians.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Gender
More than two-thirds (69%) of the pedestrians killed in 2010 were males. In 2010, the male pedestrian fatality rate per 100,000 population was 1.94 more than double the rate for females (0.85 per 100,000 population). In 2010, the male pedestrian injury rate per 100,000 population was 25, compared with 20 for female.
NHTSAs National Center for Statistics and Analysis 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590

Table 4

Pedestrians Killed and Injured and Fatality and Injury Rates by Age and Sex, 2010
Age (Years) <5 5-9 10-15 16-20 21-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 + Total1 Age (Years) <5 5-9 10-15 16-20 21-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 + Total Male Population (thousands) 10,318 10,407 12,767 11,411 8,729 20,739 20,396 22,149 17,739 10,161 5,486 1,807 152,108 Male Population (thousands) 10,318 10,407 12,767 11,411 8,729 20,739 20,396 22,149 17,739 10,161 5,486 1,807 152,108 Fatality Rate* 0.57 0.41 0.63 1.73 2.37 2.14 1.91 2.62 2.45 2.23 3.39 4.76 1.94 Female Population (thousands) 9,883 9,975 12,174 10,858 8,383 20,508 20,585 22,864 19,028 11,681 7,578 3,726 157,242 Female Population (thousands) 9,883 9,975 12,174 10,858 8,383 20,508 20,585 22,864 19,028 11,681 7,578 3,726 157,242 Fatality Rate* 0.35 0.25 0.42 0.78 0.84 0.76 0.89 0.95 0.95 1.15 1.83 1.42 0.85 Injury Rate* 4 23 32 39 21 20 12 23 17 20 16 12 20 Total Population (thousands) 20,201 20,382 24,941 22,269 17,111 41,247 40,981 45,013 36,766 21,841 13,063 5,533 309,350 Total Population (thousands) 20,201 20,382 24,941 22,269 17,111 41,247 40,981 45,013 36,766 21,841 13,063 5,533 309,350 Fatality Rate* 0.47 0.33 0.53 1.27 1.62 1.45 1.40 1.77 1.67 1.65 2.50 2.51 1.38

Killed 59 43 80 197 207 443 390 580 434 227 186 86 2,946

Killed 35 25 51 85 70 156 183 218 181 134 139 53 1,333

Killed 94 68 131 282 277 599 573 798 615 361 326 139 4,280

Injured 2,000 2,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 5,000 5,000 4,000 4,000 3,000 1,000 ** 38,000

Injury Rate* 15 21 39 37 31 26 25 20 21 25 22 11 25

Injured ** 2,000 4,000 4,000 2,000 4,000 3,000 5,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 ** 32,000

Injured 2,000 5,000 9,000 8,000 4,000 10,000 8,000 10,000 7,000 5,000 2,000 1,000 70,000

Injury Rate* 9 22 36 38 26 23 19 22 19 22 18 12 23

* Rate per 100,000 population ** Less than 500 injured, injury rate not shown 1 Total killed includes 17 of unknown age. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Source: FatalitiesFatality Analysis Reporting System, NHTSA. InjuredGeneral Estimates System, NHTSA. PopulationBureau of the Census.

Thirty percent of pedestrian fatalities occurred between 4p.m. and8 p.m.

Time of Day and Day of Week

Thirty percent of the pedestrian fatalities occurred in crashes between 8 p.m. and 11:59p.m. Nearly one-half (48%) of all pedestrian fatalities occurred on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday (16%, 17%, and 15%, respectively).

NHTSAs National Center for Statistics and Analysis

1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590

Figure 1

Pedestrian Fatalities by Time of Day and Day of Week, 2010

Time of Day Midnight - 3:59 a.m. 10% 16% 11% 11% 8% 11% 9% 19% 26% 23% 26% 30% Percentage of Total Pedestrian Fatalities 36% 16% 14% 25% Day of Week: Weekday Weekend Total

4 a.m. - 7:59 a.m.

8 a.m. - 11:59 a.m.

4%

Noon - 3:59 p.m.

5%

4 p.m. - 7:59 p.m.

8 p.m. - 11:59 p.m.

Alcohol Involvement
Alcohol involvement either for the driver or for the pedestrian was reported in 47 percent of the traffic crashes that resulted in pedestrian fatalities. Of the pedestrians involved, 33 percent had a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of .08 grams per deciliter (g/dL) or higher. Of the drivers involved in these fatal crashes, only 14 percent had a BAC of .08 g/dL or higher, less than two-fifths the rate for the pedestrians. In 6 percent of the crashes, both the driver and the pedestrian had a BAC of .08 g/dL or higher.
Table 5

Alcohol involvement either for the driver orthe pedestrianwas reported in 47 percent of all fatal pedestrian crashes.

Alcohol Involvement in Crashes That Resulted in Pedestrian Fatalities, 2010

No Driver Alcohol Involvement Number Percent No Pedestrian Alcohol Involvement Pedestrian Alcohol Involvement, BAC .01.07 g/dL Pedestrian Alcohol Involvement, BAC=.08 g/dL or Greater Total 2,251 53 Driver Alcohol Involvement, BAC=.01.07 Number Percent 78 2 Driver Alcohol Involvement, BAC=.08+ Number Percent 305 7 Total Number Percent 2,634 62

138

10

37

184

1,072 3,461

25 82

70 158

2 4

267 608

6 14

1,409 4,227

33 100

Note: The alcohol levels in this table are determined using the alcohol levels of the pedestrians killed and the involved drivers (killed and other).

NHTSAs National Center for Statistics and Analysis

1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590

Table 6

Alcohol Involvement for Pedestrians Killed in Fatal Crashes by Age, 2001 and 2010
Age Number of (Years) Fatalities 16-20 294 21-24 275 25-34 564 35-44 912 45-54 800 55-64 465 65-74 402 75-84 479 85 + 177 Total* 4,368 % With BAC=.00 67 47 44 42 51 64 83 91 92 59 2001 % With BAC=.01.07 4 8 5 6 6 5 4 3 3 5 % With BAC=.08+ 29 45 51 52 43 31 14 6 5 36 % With BAC=.01+ 33 53 56 58 49 36 17 9 8 41 Number of Fatalities 282 277 599 573 798 615 361 326 139 3,970 % With BAC=.00 73 46 44 49 49 63 82 93 95 60 2010 % With BAC=.01.07 4 7 7 5 5 4 3 2 2 5 % With BAC=.08+ 23 48 49 46 46 33 14 5 3 35 % With BAC=.01+ 27 54 56 51 51 37 18 7 5 40

*Excludes pedestrians under 16 years old and pedestrians of unknown age.

Important Safety Reminders

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Drivers are required to yield the right-of-way to pedestrians crossing streets in marked or unmarked crosswalks in most situations. They need to be especially careful at intersections where the failure to yield right-of-way often occurs when drivers are turning onto another street and a pedestrian is in their path. When possible, cross the street at a designated crosswalk. Always stop and look left, right, and left again before crossing. If a parked vehicle is blocking the view of the street, stop at the edge line of the vehicle and look around it before entering thestreet. Increase visibility at night by carrying a flashlight when walking and by wearing retro-reflective clothing that helps to highlight body movements. It is much safer to walk on a sidewalk, but if you must walk in the street, walk facingtraffic.

For more information:

Information on traffic fatalities is available from the National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA), NVS-424, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590. NCSA can be contacted at 800-934-8517 or via the follow-ing e-mail address: ncsaweb@dot.gov. General information on highway traffic safety can be accessed by Internet users at www.nhtsa.gov/NCSA. To report a safety-related problem or to inquire about motor vehicle safety information, contact the Vehicle Safety Hotline at 888-327-4236. Other fact sheets available from the National Center for Statistics and Analysis are Alcohol-Impaired Driving, Bicyclists and Other Cyclists, Children, Large Trucks, Motorcycles, Occupant Protection, Older Population, Overview, Passenger Vehicles, Race and Ethnicity, Rural/Urban Comparisons, School Transportation-Related Crashes, Speeding, State Alcohol Estimates, State Traffic Data, and Young Drivers. Detailed data on motor vehicle traffic crashes are published annually in Traffic Safety Facts: A Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the General Estimates System. The fact sheets and annual Traffic Safety Facts report can be accessed online at www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/CATS/index.aspx.
NHTSAs National Center for Statistics and Analysis 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590

Table 7

Motor Vehicle Traffic Crash Fatalities, Pedestrian Traffic Fatalities, and Fatality Rates by State, 2010
State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Dist of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming U.S. Total Puerto Rico Total Traffic Fatalities 862 56 762 563 2,715 448 319 101 24 2,445 1,244 113 209 927 754 390 431 760 710 161 493 314 942 411 641 819 189 190 257 128 556 346 1,200 1,319 105 1,080 668 317 1,324 66 810 140 1,031 2,998 236 71 740 458 315 572 155 32,885 340 Resident Population (thousands) 4,785,298 713,985 6,413,737 2,921,606 37,349,363 5,049,071 3,577,073 899,769 604,453 18,843,326 9,712,587 1,363,621 1,571,450 12,843,166 6,490,621 3,049,883 2,859,169 4,346,266 4,544,228 1,327,567 5,785,982 6,557,254 9,877,574 5,310,584 2,970,036 5,996,231 990,898 1,830,429 2,704,642 1,316,759 8,801,624 2,065,932 19,392,283 9,561,558 674,499 11,536,182 3,761,702 3,838,957 12,709,630 1,052,886 4,636,312 816,463 6,356,897 25,257,114 2,776,469 625,960 8,024,617 6,744,496 1,853,973 5,691,047 564,460 309,349,689 3,722,133 Pedestrian Fatalities 61 6 146 37 599 36 46 22 13 487 168 26 10 115 62 18 15 61 74 12 101 58 128 35 50 55 8 8 36 9 139 33 303 169 7 93 62 56 145 8 90 9 87 345 26 4 73 61 13 52 3 4,280 101 Percent of Total 7.1 10.7 19.2 6.6 22.1 8.0 14.4 21.8 54.2 19.9 13.5 23.0 4.8 12.4 8.2 4.6 3.5 8.0 10.4 7.5 20.5 18.5 13.6 8.5 7.8 6.7 4.2 4.2 14.0 7.0 25.0 9.5 25.3 12.8 6.7 8.6 9.3 17.7 11.0 12.1 11.1 6.4 8.4 11.5 11.0 5.6 9.9 13.3 4.1 9.1 1.9 13.0 29.7 Pedestrian Fatalities per 100,000 Population 1.27 0.84 2.28 1.27 1.60 0.71 1.29 2.45 2.15 2.58 1.73 1.91 0.64 0.90 0.96 0.59 0.52 1.40 1.63 0.90 1.75 0.88 1.30 0.66 1.68 0.92 0.81 0.44 1.33 0.68 1.58 1.60 1.56 1.77 1.04 0.81 1.65 1.46 1.14 0.76 1.94 1.10 1.37 1.37 0.94 0.64 0.91 0.90 0.70 0.91 0.53 1.38 2.71

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Sources: Fatalities Fatality Analysis Reporting System, NHTSA. Population Bureau of the Census.

NHTSAs National Center for Statistics and Analysis

1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590

8705-080112-v4