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Most GPS receivers have an antenna built in to them. The two most popular types of antennas used in GPS receivers are "patch" and "quadrifilar helix" or "quad helix" for short. This page addresses external GPS antennas which are normally used when stronger satellite signals are needed. (Browse all the other GPS articles and features.) Many models are mounted magnetically to the roof of a vehicle. Models that are made for buildings are often mast-mounted. Most models are available with a wide range of connectors for all the various GPS receiver antenna jacks.
Passive antennas (also called substrates) do not include an LNA and therefore do not require power. Because this type of GPS antenna is not powered, cable length usually cannot exceed one meter. Reradiating A reradiating antenna system consists of two antennas. The receiving antenna is placed outside the structure or vehicle and the transmitting, or "reradiating," antenna is placed near the GPS receiver. The two are connected by a coaxial cable and the system is powered by either 12 volt vehicle supply or an AC adaptor. A reradiating antenna is necessary if your GPS does not have an external antenna jack.
How to make a reradiating antenna for the Garmin eTrex line, using the GA27 active antenna A simple-to-build GPS turnstile antenna A helical antenna for GPS Patch and pre-amp