THE ADVENT OF SPANISH COLONIZATION IN THE PHILIPPINES Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese explorer; known as the first person to sail

l around the world Born in 1840 at Traz os Montes, Portugal Developed an interest in the nautical sciences at an early age His ambitions were not supported by the Portuguese royalty, and as a result, he renounced his citizenship and offered his services to Spain His shift to Spain was made possible through the help of Diego Barbosa and Don Julian de Aranda Treaty of Tordesillas Ordered and concluded by Pope Alexander VI on June 7, 1494 It settled the territorial disputes between Spain and Portugal by creating an imaginary line that will separate their boundaries This treaty made Magellan think of ways on how to explore the world without crossing the territorial lines of Portugal When Magellan discovered an alternate route to Asia without crossing Portuguese borders, King Charles I of Spain funded Magellans expedition and gave him five ships for the trip

MAGELLANS FIVE SHIPS TRINIDAD Main ship of the fleet; weighs 110 tons; commanded by Magellan CONCEPCION Commanded by Gaspar de Quesada; weighed 90 tons VICTORIA Commanded by Luis de Mendoza; 85 tons; the only surviving ship among the five; reached Spain with 18 survivors SANTIAGO Commanded by Juan Serrano; 75 tons SAN ANTONIO Commanded by Juan de Cartagena; weighed 120 tons EVENTS BEFORE MAGELLAN REACHED THE PHILIPPINES Magellan was given hundreds of Spanish crews to assist him during the expedition. These men swore their allegiance to Magellan in the Church of Santa Lucia de la Victoria The fleet began their expedition on September 20, 1519. The first few months were tough for the rest of the crew because of hunger and hardship A mutiny was staged by the commanders of Concepcion, Victoria, and San Antonio. Magellan was able to stop the commotion and punish the perpetrators The Santiago ship was totally wrecked because it wasnt able to withstand the extreme conditions of the Pacific Ocean.

 Magellan discovered a strait presently called as the Strait of Magellan on October 21, 1520 Magellan and his crew reached the Ladrones Islands (presently the Marianas). The island was named Ladrones because the natives stole one of his boats (Ladrones = thieves in Spanish) THE REDISOCVERY OF THE PHILIPPINES Magellan and his crew saw the mountains of Samar on March 17, 1521 They landed on Homonhon on March 18 After their short stay in Homonhon, the fleet sailed to Limasawa, which was governed by Rajah Kulambu Kulambu and Magellan became friends, and their sanduguan on March 29 sealed this friendship The first mass happened on March 31, which was facilitated by Fr. Pedro de Valderrama. Magellan also instructed his crew to erect a huge cross on a hill overlooking the Pacific Ocean The Philippines was named as the Archipelago if St. Lazarus On April 7, Kulambu and Magellan reached Cebu and offered his friendship to Rajah Humabon. Like Kulambu, Humabon and his people also embraced Catholicism Humabon was given the Christian name Carlos, while his wife, Hara Amihan, was given the name Juana Magellan gave Juana an image of the Infant Jesus as a gift for their baptism. The image is now known as the Sto. Nino de Cebu.