Code No: RR411806 Set No.

1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
NUCLEAR METALLURGY
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Distinguish between total microscopic and macroscopic absorption cross sec-
tions for Neutron reactions.
(b) Explain the activation method for the determination of Neutron cross section.
[9+7]

2. What are X-rays and gamma rays. Explain the interaction of these rays with
matter. [16]

3. (a) How can you say a neutral reactor is critical. Explain this in detail.
(b) Explain the main principle of fusion process with suitable examples. [8+8]

4. (a) How are control rods classified? Explain the mechanism, that takes place in
the working of control rods.
(b) Write a detailed note on the fabrication of fuel elements. [9+7]

5. (a) What are the primary minerals of uranium. Give their chemical formulae.
(b) Explain the occurance of minerals of uranium and write their general charac-
teristics. [8+8]

6. Compare and contrast the following uranium enrichment processes.

(a) Nozzle enrichment process

(b) Laser enrichment process. [8+8]

7. Discuss the properties that make Beryllium particularly interesting engineering

material as nuclear material [16]

8. (a) ‘Discuss the macro economic role of nuclear energy’.

(b) Discuss in detail the economics of liquid metal fast breeder reactors. [8+8]

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Code No: RR411806 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
NUCLEAR METALLURGY
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are secondary Neutrons. How are they generated? Explain their signif-
icance.
(b) Write a short notes on the following
i. Binding energy of the Nucleus
ii. Rest mass [8+8]

2. (a) Describe the early and delayed somatic effects of radiation.

(b) Explain the genetic effects of radiation damage. [8+8]

3. Classify the nuclear reactors based on the coolants used. Write down-the fuel,
moderator and canning material in each category. [16]

4. (a) Explain about the following control rod materials.

i. Boron carbide
ii. Silver-indium-cadmium.
(b) Explain with examples the use of reflectors in nuclear reactors. [10+6]

5. (a) Explain why thorium is not directly used for structural purposes.
(b) Explain the important applications of thorium.
(c) Write down the important thorium bearing minerals and explain them. [6+5+5]

6. (a) Write down the flow sheet and explain for the production of thorium form
beach sands.
(b) Explain the important properties of thorium. [10+6]

7. Write an essay on the measures taken to conserve uranium supplies. [16]

8. (a) What are the important properties of plutonium.

(b) Explain the recycling scheme for plutonium in a thermal reactor. [7+9]

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Code No: RR411806 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
NUCLEAR METALLURGY
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Distinguish among the following

i. Fast Neutrons
ii. Slow Neutrons
iii. Thermal Neutrons
(b) Explain the following
i. Elastic scattering
ii. In elastic scattering
iii. Radiative capture [7+9]
2. (a) Explain the effects of radiation on fissile and non-fissile materials.
(b) How can one say that a reactor is in critical state?
(c) Explain how the detection of radiation takes place. [6+5+5]
3. How are nuclear reactors classified on the basis neutron energies. Explain any 2 of
them in detail. [16]
4. (a) Explain about the following control rod materials.
i. Boron carbide
ii. Silver-indium-cadmium.
(b) Explain with examples the use of reflectors in nuclear reactors. [10+6]
5. (a) What are the primary minerals of uranium. Give their chemical formulae.
(b) Explain the occurance of minerals of uranium and write their general charac-
teristics. [8+8]
6. What are the various methods available for the enrichment of uranium. Explain
any one method in detail. [16]
7. With the help of reactional equation explain how non fissionable thorium is con-
verted into fissionable isotope of uranium. [16]
8. (a) ‘A continuing shortage of fossil fuel would be found to impinge upon the price
of uranium’ and thus affecting economics of thermal nuclear power stations’ -
Explain in detail.
(b) Discuss the convertion 238U in to fissile plutonium. [9+7]

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Code No: RR411806 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
NUCLEAR METALLURGY
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Calculate in Mev the energy equivalent to one gram atomic weight of electrons
at rest. (Mass of 1 electron: 9.1×10−28 gm).
(b) Rn222 has a half life period of 3.83 days. What fraction of the sample will
remain undecomposed at the end of 10 days? [7+9]

2. Write a detailed account on the following

(a) thermal cycling

(b) protection against radiation.
(c) radiation detection. [5+6+5]

3. (a) Explain with the help of a neat sketch the working principle of boiling-water
reactor system.
(b) compare the advantages and disadvantages of this over pressurized water re-
actor system. [8+8]

4. (a) Explain the necessary conditions for criticality in a reactor.

(b) Explain how is the heat produced in a nuclear reactor. [9+7]

5. (a) What is carnotite? Give the chemical formula of it. give the metallic elements
present in the mineral.
(b) Explain the important physical and metallurgical characteristic properties of
plutonium. [8+8]

6. What are the various methods available for the enrichment of uranium. Explain
any one method in detail. [16]

7. Write an essay on the measures taken to conserve uranium supplies. [16]

8. (a) What are the important properties of plutonium.

(b) Explain the recycling scheme for plutonium in a thermal reactor. [7+9]

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