THE PRINCIPLE OF LIFTING THE LOAD

Main components of machine are the cylinders and two threaded winches between two steel beams. Winches are connected with screw bundle concreted into the ceilings, lower bridge of the machines is underpinned by steel pipes. Cylinders lift up the upper bridge together with winches, so the ceiling's bundle is lifted up. Cylinder's length of stroke is 10 cm(clearence). Lifting winches lean against lower and upper bridges with nuts (female screws). When piston reaches the clearence, weight of lifted bundle is loaded over from upper bridge to lower bridge and upper bridge is let back to zero setting. (Nuts on winches are driven by cog-wheels, so that the winch gets into lifting position again.) Lifting is carried out in 10 cm steps so, that this way is also done in controlled parts. Controll Vertical motion on threaded winches is regulated by a controll unit mounted to a rotary motion axle so, that it stops the oil supply of cylinders by 5 mm through microrelays. When all the machines did the 5 mm way it switches the valves for the next pace. With this syncronization one can reach +/- 5 mm clearence on the whole surface of the ceiling. This is necessary to avoid oversizing ceilings for state of lifting. It is also easy to see that syncronization is needed because the loads on lifting achines are different. The load of outer pillars can be one third or one half of inner pillars. The machines lift with different speed and therefore the deformation of ceilings would be very different. To build skeleton-structures in Hungary by Lift-slab technology is permitted by Application Permission nr. MI G-104/89. Lifting machines safety suitability by Hungarian Standard (MSZ 63-3/185) is included in MI-TV Protocol/21.05.2004. Structural formation In case of Lift-Slab consruction method the ceilings are usually made as monolith steel-concrete structures at spot. In general 4.5-6.0 m pillar's span is optimal to build living houses of individual appearence. In this case it is unnecessary to lighten the structural concrete ceilings because in 18-20 cm thickness they meet statical and physical requirements, too. In case of buildings with bigger span (hospitals, office and commercial buildings etc.) it can be reasonable to make lightened ceilings for decreasing self-weight and inclination. In time-honoured solutions we often applied lightened elements and granulate moulding. This made possible that the weight of a 30-35 cm thick ceiling (necessary for 9.-12.0 m span) equials the weight of a 15-20 cm thick solid concrete ceiling. For assembling ceiling's steel structures we generally use ribbed reinforcing steel and distributing ironwork in welded reticulated make-up. By this way we can achieve the utilization of optimal steel quantity and strengthening of ironwork at necessary spots as well. While making the ceilings which usually happens at construction site - we pay special attention to ceiling's outer and inner outline, proper allocation of lifting machines, use of concrete pump technology, Tremix vacuum concrete technology (this makes possible to use smooth as ice surface within hours from concreting), separation of ceilings with polyprophylene texture, precise fi ttings (gas, water, ventillation pipes etc.), proper documentation of technology.

Lift-Slab stucture construction's two most frequent methods 1. Concrete pillars by levels, allocated later Phases: Lifting machines on auxilliary feet, leaning on these they lift the bundles up, In height of 2.0 m separating texture is removed, pillars connecting points are cleaned, Lifting goes on until fi rst level's inner height is reached, At this point prefabricated concrete pillars are put up next to every machine in exact vertical position. Lower connecting points are welded, When every pillar is ready, machines let the bundle back to pillars. Upper connecting points are ready, too, Afterwards machines are lifted up and begin preparations for making next level, This goes on as long as the last ceiling gets its fi nal place.

2. Pre-fi xed concrete pillars by levels, allocated from above Phases: Making of ceilings is similar as in point nr. 1, Pillars fi xing points are signifi cantly different, No auxilliary feet, lifting machines are placed directly on to the pillars, Bundles are lifted up while loading these pillars, Steel joggles on consoles put on pillars fi x the lower ceiling. Machines are lifted, pillars enlarged from above and welded, After separating lower ceiling, machines leaning on pillars again lift further the bundle