Chapter 2 1. Englands imperial stirrings a.

Religious conflict disrupted Englan in mid century when King Henry VIII broke with Roman catholic church in 1530s launching the English-protestant reformation b. Protestant Elizabeth ascended to the English throne in 1558 c. The catholic irish tried to overthrow the protestant English queen 2. Elizabeth Energizes England a. Queen Elizabeth promoted plundering of ships b. The most famous sea dog was Francis Drake c. Queen Elizabeth ended up knighting Drake for bringing back Spanish booty d. The Roanoke colony disappeared after several false starts e. The Spanish Armada marked the beginning of the end of Spanish imperial dreams f. Englands victory over the Spanish armaa makred the becoming of England being master of the world oceans g. English national spirit boomed In the wake of the Spanish armadas defeat 3. England on the eve of Empire a. Englands population grew from 3 milloin people in 1550 to about 4 million in 1600. b. Many farmers became beggers due to the depression of the wollen trade c. Due to this England concluded that they were burdened with a surplus population d. High population, unemployment, and joint stock financing produced the perfect time to colonize in North America 4. England Plants the Jamestown Seedling a. In 1606 Virginia Company of England received a charter for a settlement in the New World which is a significant document in American history. b. On May 24, 1607 Jamestown was established c. Many deaths took place during the early years due to disease, voyages, and unskilled colonists. d. Captain John Smith put the colonists into place with his rule Those who shall not work, shall not eat e. Pocahontas became an intermediary between the Indians and the settlers f. Of the four hundred settlers who managed to make it to viginia by 1609, only sixty survived the winter of 1609-1610 5. Cultural Clash in the Chesapeake a. Powhatan was a powerful native tribe leader b. At first he allied with the English to gain more power c. After English began to raid native food supplies the relationship went bad d. De La Warr burned inaian villages 6. The Indians New World a. Disease wiped out entire cultures of Natives

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b. Trade also transformed indian life causing outbreak of violence over hunting grounds to get tradable pelts c. In the inland traders were forced to adapt to Indian ways Virginia: Child of Tobacco a. John Rolfe Became father of the tobacco industry b. Tobacco swept over Virginia and everyone strived for land to grow it on c. Tobacco started the craze of slavery in North America d. James I revoke the Virginia Company charter due to his detest of tobacco and distrust of the House of Bugesses and decided to directly rule it Maryland: Catholic Haven a. Second plantation colony and fourth English colony b. Founded in 1634 by Lord Baltimore to reap financial profits and to create a refuge for his fellow catholics c. Maryland prospered due to tobacco d. Lord Baltimore permitted unusal freedom of worship The West Indies: Way Station to Mainland America a. England secured its clam of Jamaica in 1655 b. Sugar formed the economy of the West Indies c. Due to the sugar production, African slaves outnumbered white settlers d. English authorities devised formal codes to define the slaves legal status Colonizing the Carolinas a. Civil war broke out in England in the 1640s b. Due to war colonization had been slowed c. Caroline was named after Charles II d. Prospered by having economic ties with the sugar islands e. Many Carolina settlers emerged from the Barbados f. Used Indians as slaves g. Rice became the main export crop of Carolina The Emergence of North Carolina a. Mainly poor low class people b. Most independent of the colonies c. Did not import slaves at first Late-Coming Georgia: The Buffer Colony a. Founded in 1733 b. Intended to serve as a buffer to protect the Carolinas c. Determined at first to keep slavery out d. All Christian worshipers except catholics enjoyed religious toleration e. Was the least populous of the colonies at the end of the colonial era The Plantation Colonies a. Slavery was found I all of the plantation colonies b. Wide scattering of plantations made establishment of churches and schools expensive c. All the plantation colonies permitted some religious toleration