HOME WORK:-1

Submitted By:Name:-Niranjan Kumar dikshit submmited to:- Mr Rohit ohri Reg. no:-11003566 Section:-D1R13 Course name:-CAP 327 Program:-BCA(1104)

Part A
Q.1) How IT plays an important role in the management of any organization? Discuss by taking a suitable example of your own? Answer: - Information Technology has many core components which often follow how an IT
department is structured. These components include Hardware, Software, Networking & Communications Infrastructure, Business Intelligence & Reporting, Support, Leadership, Planning, and Governance. Strategic information technology investments create value by addressing persistent business needs of an organization. Value creation can be as different as are businesses and industries using IT as a core functional resource.

Six reasons why information systems are so important for business today include: 1. Operational excellence 2. New products, services, and business models 3. Customer and supplier intimacy 4. Improved decision making 5. Competitive advantage 6. Survival Here is on other answer to this question The emergence of a global economy, transformation of industrial economies, transformation of the business enterprise, and the emergence of digital firm make information systems essential in business today. Information system is a foundation for conducting business today. In many businesses, survival and the ability to achieve strategic business goals is difficult without extensive use of information technology. There are six reasons or objectives why businesses use information system:

1. Operational excellence. Business improves the efficiency of their operations in order to achieve higher profitability. Information systems are important tools available to managers for achieving higher levels of efficiency and productivity in business operations. A good example is Wal-Mart that uses a Retail Link system, which digitally links its suppliers to every one of WalMart's stores. as soon as a customer purchase an item , the supplier is monitoring the item , knows to ship a replacement to the shelf. 2. New products, services, and business models. Information system is a major tool for firms to create new products and services, and also an entirely new business models. A business model describe how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth. Example: Apple inc transformed an old business model based on its iPod technology platform that included iPod, the iTunes music service, and the iphone. 3. Customer/supplier intimacy. When a business serves its customers well, the customers generally respond by returning and purchasing more. this raises revenue and profits. The more a business engage its suppliers, the better the suppliers can provide vital inputs. This lower costs. Example: The Mandarin Oriental in Manhattan and other high-end hotels exemplify the use of information systems and technology to achieve customer intimacy. they use computers to keep track of guests' preferences, such as their proffered room temperature, check-in time, television programs. 4. Improved decision making. Many managers operate in an information bank, never having the right information at the right time to make an informed decision. These poor outcomes raise costs and lose customers. Information system made it possible for the managers to use real time data from the marketplace when making decision. Example: Verizon Corporation uses a Web-based digital dashboard to provide managers with precise real -time information on customer complains, network performance.. Using this information managers can immediately allocate repair resources to affected areas, inform customers of repair efforts and restore service fast. 5. Competitive advantage. When firms achieve one or more of these business objectives operational excellence, new products, services, and business models, customer/supplier intimacy, and improved decision making chances are they have already achieved a competitive advantage. Doing things better than your competitors, charging less for superior products, and responding to customers and suppliers in real time all add up to higher sales, and higher profits. Example: Toyota Production System focuses on organizing work to eliminate waste, making continues improvements, TPS is based on what customers have actually ordered. 6. Day to day survival. Business firms invest in information system and technology because they are necessities of doing business. This necessities are driven by industry level changes. Example: Citibank introduced the first automatic teller machine to attract customers through higher service levels, and its competitors rushed to provide ATM's to their customers to keep up with Citibank. providing ATMs services to retail banking customers is simply a requirement of being in and surviving in the retail banking business. Firm turn to information system and technology to provide the capability to respond to these. Information systems are the foundation for conducting business today. In many industries, survival and even existence without extensive use of IT is inconceivable, and IT plays a critical role in increasing productivity. Although information technology has become more of a commodity, when coupled with complementary changes in

organization and management, it can provide the foundation for new products, services, and ways of conducting business that provide firms with a strategic advantage.

Q.2) Frame out the difference between the enterprise IT and network IT by taking suitable examples to explain the difference? Answer: -An enterprise information system is generally any kind of computing system that is of "enterprise class". This means typically offering high quality of service, dealing with large volumes of data and capable of supporting some large organization "an enterprise". Enterprise information systems provide a technology platform that enables organizations to integrate and coordinate their business processes. An enterprise information system provides a single system that is central to the organization and that ensures information can be shared across all functional levels and management hierarchies. Enterprise systems create a standard data structure and are invaluable in eliminating the problem of information fragmentation caused by multiple information systems within an organization. A typical enterprise information system would be housed in one or more data centers, would run enterprise software, and could include applications that typically cross organizational borders such as content management systems. Network Information Technology :- In todays fast moving global work environment, success depends on the ability to communicate with other likes co-workers clients and customer. Network IT include information systems that improve communications and support collaboration among member of the work group . Example include the use of web conferencing ,wikis and corporate directories.

Q.3) IT has influenced the functioning of managers managing any organization. Comment on the statement by taking suitable examples? Answer: - function it include information systems that improve the productivity of individual users in performing stand-alone task . Like there is include computer aided design (CAD) software word processors spreadsheet software decision support system and e-learning systems. One company used very good of a functions IT is Care rehab, a small manufacturer of traction electrotherapy and Biofeedback product that patients use for physical therapy. Function IT support in this area in organization A decision support system(DSS) E-learning system So we can said that the influenced the functioning of managers managing any organization

Part - B
Q.4) Strategic planning is extensively needed in the functioning of an IT company or any other organization. Comment on this statement by taking suitable examples?
Answer: - This toolkit provides a model for taking an organization through a strategic planning

process. It covers planning to do strategic planning, covering the background issues that need to inform or direct the strategic planning process, and then defining the strategic framework for the project or organization activities. It is this strategic framework that gives the activities coherence and direction. We have included practical exercises to use during a strategic planning process. The toolkit expands on the short introduction to strategic planning in the toolkit on Overview of Planning.

Define vision & mission

Conduct internal assessmen t

Define objectiv es Establish ed goal Set strategi c Deploy objectives goals strategies &measures

Analyze external environment

Define measur es

Identify projects initiatives

Prioritize projects Execute initiatives projects initiatives

Measure evaluate results

Q.5) Project management is the most fundamental area for the functioning of an organization. How and why? Take suitable examples and explain the various parameters. Answer :- project management is the most fundamental area for the functioning of any organization. Each project attempts to achieve specific business objectives and is subjects to certain constraints such as total cost and completion of date. There is some project variables that managers have consider for the best project management. 1. cost 2.Quality 3.Userexpectation 4.scop 5.cost 6.time Time
Expectatio ns

Time

Quality

cost

Quality

cost

Scope Original project definition

Expectation

scope

Revised project definition

If the project manager dont consider on that basic objective before the selecting project than it will make trouble for organization . Q.6) Frame out the difference between the project management area and knowledge management area by taking suitable examples. Answer: - Nine Project Management Knowledge Areas There are nine knowledge areas and each one covers its own important part of the project. A knowledge area can cover several phases or process groups of the project. The nine areas are mentioned below in some detail. Integration Management: - If each little part of the project is a tree, Integration Management is the entire forest. It focuses on the larger tasks that must be done for the project to work. It is the practice of making certain that every part of the project is coordinated. In Integration Management, the project is started, the project plan is assembled and executed, the work is monitored and verification of the results of the work is performed. As the project ends the project manager also performs the tasks associated with closing the project. A project manager must be very good at Integration Management or the project may very well fail. Other knowledge areas are also important, but Integration Management is the area that requires the most management and control of the entire project. Scope Management: - This area involves control of the scope of the project. It involves management of the requirements, details and processes. Changes to the scope should be handled in a structured, procedural, and controlled manner. The goal of scope management is to define the need, set the expectations, deliver to the expectations, manage changes, and minimize surprises and gain acceptance of the project. Good scope management focuses on making sure that the scope is well defined and communicated very clearly to all stakeholders. It also involves managing the project to limit unnecessary changes. Time Management: - Project Time Management is concerned with resources, activities, scheduling and schedule management. It involves defining and sequencing activities and

estimating the duration and resources needed for each activity. The goal is to build the project schedule subsequently to manage changes and updates to the schedule. When the schedule is first created, it is often referred to as the time baseline of the project. It is later used to compare updated baselines to the original baseline. Many project managers use software to build and maintain the schedule and baselines. Cost Management: - This knowledge area includes cost estimating and budgeting. After the cost of the project has been estimated the project management must control the cost and makes changes to the budget as needed. The Project Cost Estimate is dependent on the accuracy of the cost estimate of each activity in the project. The accuracy changes as the project progresses. For instance, in the initiation of the project the estimate is more difficult to assess than later in the project when the scope and the schedule have been defined in detail. Quality Management: - This area is an important area where outputs of different processes are measured against some predetermined acceptable measure. The project manager must create a quality management plan. The quality plan is created early in the project because decisions made about quality can have a significant impact on other decisions about scope, time, cost and risk. The area also includes quality control and assurance. The main difference between control and assurance is that control looks at specific results to see if they conform to the quality standard, whereas assurance focuses primarily on the quality process improvement. Human Resource Management:- This area involves HR planning like roles and responsibilities, project organization, and staff management planning. It also involves assigning staff; assess performance of project team members, and overall management of the project team. The project manager is the Boss of the project and Human Resource Management is essentially the knowledge area of running the project in relations to the resources assigned to the project. Communications Management: - This area focuses on keeping the projects stakeholders properly informed throughout the entire project. Communication is a mixture of formal and informal, written and verbal, but it is always proactive and thorough. The project manager must distribute accurate project information in a timely manner to the correct audience. It involves creating a communications plan that explains what kind of information should be communicated on a regular basis and who should receive it. It includes project performance reporting to stakeholders so everyone is on the same page of the project progress, for example, what is outstanding, what is late, and what risks are left to worry about, etc. Risk Management: - This involves planning how to handle risks to the project. Specifically the project manager must identify risks and also plan how to respond to the risks if they occur. Risk has two characteristics: Risk is related to an uncertain event, and a risk may affect the project for good or for bad. When risks are assessed, the project manager usually has to assess several things: How likely will the risk happen, how will it affect the project if it happens, and how much will it cost if it happens? The project manager will use a lot of risk analysis tools and techniques to answer these questions. Procurement Management:- This area focuses on a set of processes performed to obtain goods or services from an outside organization. The project manager plans purchases and acquisitions of

products and services that cant be provided by the project managers own organization. It includes preparing procurement documents, requesting vendor responses, selecting the vendors, and creating and administering contracts with each outside vendor. As we can see there are many knowledge areas that a project manager must excel at. Even though some areas are more important than others, each area must be executed with care and professionalism in order for any project to be successful.

Knowledge Area Process

The project management term that is referred to as a project management process refers specifically to a process that is utilized frequently by the project management team when analyzing and assessing the particular fields of educational end experienced based knowledge that may come into play or be significant to know when beginning, continuing, or concluding an activity of activities within a project. Specifically, and to clarify, the term knowledge area process refers to the specific processes that may be utilized and may take place within any particular knowledge area. For example, if it determined that one particular knowledge area, say the understanding of the inner workings of a particular mechanism within a project, is going to be needed and measurable when progressing a project and or specific activities, then the specific processes that will be utilized by those who are working on that knowledge area in particular would be referred to as the knowledge area process.