Simple Present/Present Simple

Use
1) repeated actions My friend often draws nice posters.

2) things in general The sun rises in the East.

3) fixed arrangements, scheduled events The plane flies to London every Monday.

4) actions in the present - one follows after the other First I get up, then I have breakfast.

5) instructions Open your books at page 34.

6) with special verbs I understand English.

Signal words
every day, often, always, sometimes, never

Definition of Infinitive Infinitive is the base form of the verb. The infinitive form of a verb is the form which follows to For example: (to) go, ask, fight, understand. Infinitives may occur with or without the infinitive marker "to". Infinitives without "to" are known as "bare infinitives". For example: Help me open the door. to absent OTHER FORMS OF THE INFINITIVE The infinitive can have the following forms: 1 2 3 4 The perfect infinitive to have + past participle The continuous infinitive to be + present participle The perfect continuous infinitive to have been + present participle The passive infinitive to be + past participle

What is the present participle? The present participle is a participle that ends in ing. It can be used with the auxilliary verb 'to be' to form the continuous tense. It always takes the ing form of the verb, even irregular verbs have an ...ing form, in fact virtually all English words that end with ing are present participles. For example:I am learning English. (Learning is part of the continuous verb phrase 'am learning') We were running through the woods. (Running is part of the continuous verb phrase 'were running' ). It can also be used as an adjective. For example:As an adjective: I am a working woman. (Working is used here as an adjective.)

1. The perfect infinitive to have + past participle For example: to have broken, to have seen, to have saved. This form is most commonly found in Type 3 conditional sentences, using the conditional perfect. For example: If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake. Someone must have broken the window and climbed in. I would like to have seen the Taj Mahal when I was in India. He pretended to have seen the film. If I'd seen the ball I would have caught it.

2. The continuous infinitive to be + present participle For example: to be swimming, to be joking, to be waiting Examples: I'd really like to be swimming in a nice cool pool right now. You must be joking! I happened to be waiting for the bus when the accident happened.

3. The perfect continuous infinitive to have been + present participle Examples: to have been crying, to have been waiting, to have been painting Examples: The woman seemed to have been crying. You must have been waiting for hours! He pretended to have been painting all day.

4. The passive infinitive to be + past participle For example: to be given, to be shut, to be opened Examples: I am expecting to be given a pay-rise next month. These doors should be shut. This window ought to be opened.

NOTE: As with the present infinitive, there are situations where the "to" is omitted. Examples

He claimed to be an expert. I managed to reach the top of the hill. Don't pretend that you know the answer. She failed to explain the problem clearly. The customs man demanded to search our luggage. I can't afford to go out tonight.

Form of the Simple Present

We use the infinitive of the verb. In the 3rd person Singular (he, she, it - or a name) we put an -s at the end of the infinitive. infinitive - 3rd person Singular (he, she, it) infinitive + -s

Affirmative sentences:
I/we/you/they play football. He/she/it plays football. NOTE: he, she, it - Do not forget the -s.

More Examples
I read books. We sing pop songs. I play handball. My brother reads books. She sings pop songs. John plays handball.

Negative sentences:
We use the auxiliary do. I/we/you/they do not play football. He/she/it does not play football. NOTE: We often use short forms in negative sentences in the Simple Present: I/we/you/they don't play football. He/she/it doesn't play football.

More Examples
You must not negate a full verb in English. Always use the auxiliary do for negations. I I don't like like computers. computers at all.

My friend My mum doesn't

likes like

computers. computers at all.

Questions:
Do I/we/you/they play football? Does he/she/it play football?

Simple Present - Spelling

Be careful with some words when using the 3rd person singular. (he, she, it - or a name) 1) verbs ending in a sibilant [s] [z] [] [] [] [] or verbs ending in -o preceded by a consonant We add -es to the infinitive. Examples: I watch - he watches I pass - he passes I go - he goes I do - he does

2) verbs ending in -y verbs ending in 'y' preceded by a vowel (a, e, i, o, u): Add -s. Example: I play - he plays verbs ending in 'y' preceded by a consonant: Change 'y' to 'i' and add 'es'. Example: I hurry - he hurries

Positive statements in the Simple Present Exercise 1 Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use the Simple Present in the statements. Example: I _____ in the lake. (to swim) Answer: I swim in the lake.

1) We 2) Emma 3) They 4) John 5) I 6) He

our dog. (to call) in the lessons. (to dream) at birds. (to look) home from school. (to come) my friends. (to meet) the laptop. (to repair) hello. (to say)

7) Walter and Frank 8) The cat 9) You 10) She

under the tree. (to sit) water. (to drink) the lunchbox. (to forget)

Positive statements in the Simple Present - Exercise 1 1) We call our dog. 2) Emma dreams in the lessons. 3) They look at birds. 4) John comes home from school. 5) I meet my friends. 6) He repairs the laptop. 7) Walter and Frank say hello. 8) The cat sits under the tree. 9) You drink water. 10) She forgets the lunchbox.

Positive statements in the Simple Present - Exercise 2 Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use the Simple Present in the statements. Example: We _____ her name. (to shout) Answer: We shout her name. 1) I 2) Rita 3) We 4) Tim and Pat 5) Oliver 6) Maria 7) He 8) The dog 9) You 10) She a good mark. (to get) an exercise. (to do) the table. (to lay) text messages. (to send) fun. (to have) their room. (to tidy up) a new MP3 player. (to buy) out of the house. (to run) your glasses. (to need) a snake. (to touch)

Positive statements in the Simple Present - Exercise 2 1) I get a good mark. 2) Rita does an exercise. 3) We lay the table. 4) Tim and Pat send text messages. 5) Oliver has fun. 6) Maria tidies up their room. 7) He buys a new MP3 player. 8) The dog runs out of the house. 9) You need your glasses. 10) She touches a snake.

Negations in the Simple Present - Exercise 1 Negate the following phrases and write the negative forms into the gaps. You can use long forms or short/contracted forms. Example: we run - we _________ Answer: we run - we do not run or we don't run

1) I sit 2) Peggy washes 3) they go 4) you watch 5) he tries 6) we ask 7) Mel and John learn 8) she starts 9) I phone 10) it rains -

Negations in the Simple Present - Exercise 1 1) I sit - I do not sit 2) Peggy washes - Peggy does not wash 3) they go - they do not go 4) you watch - you do not watch 5) he tries - he does not try 6) we ask - we do not ask 7) Mel and John learn - Mel and John do not learn 8) she starts - she does not start 9) I phone - I do not phone 10) it rains - it does not rain

Simple Present - Questions - Exercise 2 Explanation: Questions in the Simple Present Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps. Use Simple Present. Example: _____________ their friends? (they/to phone) Answer: Do they phone their friends?

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10)

to school? (you/to walk) a banana in the morning? (Ronda/to eat) parrots? (your father/to like) a room with her sister? (Wendy/to share) a lot in England? (it/to rain) sports after school? (the friends/to do) camping in summer? (Susan and Jack/to go) their friends to the party? (they/to invite) at the bus stop? (we/to wait) in the mornings? (he/to smile)

Simple Present - Questions - Exercise 2

1) Do you walk to school? 2) Does Ronda eat a banana in the morning? 3) Does your father like parrots? 4) Does Wendy share a room with her sister? 5) Does it rain a lot in England? 6) Do the friends do sports after school? 7) Do Susan and Jack go camping in summer? 8) Do they invite their friends to the party? 9) Do we wait at the bus stop? 10) Does he smile in the mornings?

Simple Present - Test - 1 A) Fill in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Example: He never writes a letter.
true true 1

1)

true

true

true

Jill
true

two children. (to have)

true true true

2) to Menorca every summer. (to fly)

1

She

B) Which sentences/questions are correct?

1

true true true

1) Which sentence is in the Simple Present? He has read a book. He is reading a book. He read a book. He reads a book. He will read a book.

true
true true

2) Which sentence is in the Simple Present? He can a bike ride. He can ride a bike. He can rides a bike. He cans ride a bike.

true
true true

true

C) Which answers are correct?

1

1) Which of the following words are used with the Simple Present (signal words)?
true true

true

always at the moment every day now often sometimes yesterday

true
true true true true

2) Which verb forms are correct? he flies he flys he livees he lives he workes he works

true
true true

true
true true

D) Fill in the correct verb forms.

1

true

1) The girls
true

true

the shopping.

2) It

a beautiful day today.

E) Form questions.

Example: where / they / to have / breakfast Where do they have breakfast?

true true 1

1)

true

true

true

Frank / to read / comics

2) Joe / to like / homework

true

true

true

true

Marie and

Simple Present - Test 1 :

Answer

A) Fill in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. 1) Jill has two children. 2) She flies to Menorca every summer.

B) Which sentences/questions are correct? 1) Which sentence is in the Simple Present? Correct Answer: He reads a book. 2) Which sentence is in the Simple Present? Correct Answer: He can ride a bike.

C) Which answers are correct? 1) Which of the following words are used with the Simple Present (signal words)? Correct Answers: often, sometimes, always, every day 2) Which verb forms are correct? Correct Answers: he lives, he works, he flies

D) Fill in the correct verb forms. 1) The girls do the shopping. 2) It is a beautiful day today. E) Form questions. 1) Frank / to read / comics Does Frank read comics? 2) Marie and Joe / to like / homework Do Marie and Joe like homework?

English tenses
English tenses - Complex Test 1 Exercises - English tenses

Tense

Signal words

Use

Form

Example s affirmati ve

Exampl es negativ e I don't work. He doesn't work. I don't go.

Examples interrogat ive

something happens repeatedly every day how often something happens

I work.

Do I work?

He works.

Does he work?

Simple Present or Present Simple

sometim one action es follows another always often usually seldom never first ... then things in general after the following verbs (to love, to hate, to think, etc.) future meaning: timetables, programme s something is happening at the same time of speaking infinitive he/she/it + -s

I go.

Do I go?

He goes.

He doesn't go.

Does he go?

now Present Progressi at the ve or moment Present Continuo Look!

to be I'm (am/are/ working. is) + infinitive + -ing He's

I'm not Am I working working? . He isn't Is he working

us Listen!

or around it future meaning: when you have already decided and arranged to do it (a fixed plan, date)

working. I'm going.

. I'm not going.

working? Am I going?

He's going.

He isn't going.

Is he going?

Simple Past or Past Simple

action took place in the last ... past, mostly ... ago connected with an in 1990 expression of time (no yesterda connection y to the present)

I worked. regular: infinitive He + -ed worked. irregular: 2nd column of I went. table of irregular verbs He went.

I didn't work. He didn't work. I didn't go. He didn't go.

Did I work?

Did he work?

Did I go?

Did he go?

Past Progressi ve or while Past Continuo us

an action happened in the middle of another action someone was doing sth. at a certain time (in the past) you do not

I was working.

I wasn't Was I working working? . He wasn't Was he working working? . I wasn't Was I going. going? He wasn't

was/wer e+ infinitive + -ing

He was working.

I was going.

He was

Was he

know whether it was finished or not just yet never ever Simple Present Perfect or Present Perfect already so far, up to now, since for recently you say that sth. has happened or is finished in the past and it has a connection to the present action started in the past and continues up to the present action began in the past and has just stopped how long the action has been happening emphasis: length of time of an action

going.

going.

going?

I have worked. have/has He has + past participle worked. * *(infinitiv I have gone. e + -ed) or (3rd column of table of irregular verbs) He has gone.

I Have I haven't worked? worked. He Has he hasn't worked? worked. I haven't gone.

Have I gone?

He hasn't gone.

Has he gone?

all day Present Perfect Progressi ve or Present Perfect Continuo us the whole day how long since for

I have been working.

I haven't Have I been been working working? . He hasn't Has he been been working working? . I haven't been going.

have/has + been + He has infinitive been + -ing working.

I have been going.

Have I been going?

He has been going.

He hasn't been going.

Has he been going?

Simple Past Perfect or Past Perfect (Simple)

already just never

mostly when two actions in a story are related to each other: the action which had already happened is put into Past Perfect, the other action into Simple Past the past of the Present Perfect

I had worked.

I hadn't Had I worked. worked? He Had he hadn't worked? worked. I hadn't Had I gone. gone?

had + past participle *

He had worked.

I had gone.

*(infinitiv e + -ed) or (3rd column of table of irregular He had verbs) gone.

He hadn't gone.

Had he gone?

I had been working. Past Perfect Progressi ve or Past Perfect Continuo us how long since for how long something had been happening before something else happened

I hadn't been Had I been working working? . He hadn't Had he been been working working? . I hadn't Had I been been going? going. He Had he

had + been + infinitive + ing

He had been working.

I had been going. He had

been going.

hadn't been going. I won't work. He won't work. I won't go.

been going?

predictions about the future (you think that sth. will happen) you decide to do sth. spontaneou sly at the time of will + speaking, infinitive you haven't made a decision before main clause in type I of the if clauses

I'll work.

Will I work?

He'll work.

Will he work?

I'll go.

Will I go?

will future

He'll go.

He won't go.

Will he go?

going to - future

when you have already decided to do sth. in the future what you think what will happen

I'm going to work. be (am/are/ is) + going to + infinitive He's going to work. I'm going to go. He's going to

I'm not Am I going going to to work? work. He's not Is he going to going to work. work? I'm not Am I going going to to go? go. He's not Is he going to going to

go.

go.

go?

Future Progressi ve or Future Continuo us

An action will be in progress at a certain time in the future. This action has begun before the certain time. Something happens because it normally happens.

I'll be working.

I won't be Will I be working working? . He won't Will he be be working? working . I won't be going. He won't be going.

will + be + infinitive + ing

He'll be working.

I'll be going.

Will I be going?

He'll be going.

Will he be going?

Simple Future Perfect or Future Perfect Simple

sth. will already have happened before a certain time in the future

will + have + past participle *

I'll have worked.

I won't Will I have have worked? worked. He Will he won't have have worked? worked. I won't have gone. He won't have gone. I won't have

He'll have worked.

*(infinitiv e + -ed) I'll have or (3rd gone. column of table of irregular He'll verbs) have gone.

Will I have gone?

Will he have gone?

Future Perfect

sth. will already

will + have +

I'll have been

Will I have been

Progressi ve or Future Perfect Continuo us

have happened before a certain time in the future

been + infinitive + ing

working.

been working? working . He won't Will he have have been been working? working . I won't have been going. He won't have been going.

emphasis: length of time of an action

He'll have been working.

I'll have been going.

Will I have been working?

He'll have been going.

Will he have been working?

I would work. sth. that might happen Conditio nal Simple main would + clause in infinitive type II of the Conditional sentences

I wouldn' Would I t work? work.

He He would Would he wouldn' work. work? t work. I Would I wouldn' go? t go.

I would go.

He He would wouldn' Would he go. t go? go. I Would I be wouldn' working? t be

Conditio nal Progressi

sth. that might happen

would + be + infinitive

I would be

ve or Conditio nal Continuo us

+ ing emphasis: length of time of an action

working.

working .

He He would wouldn' Would he be t be be working. working working? . I I would wouldn' Would I be be going. t be going? going. He He would wouldn' Would he be going. t be be going? going. I Would I wouldn' have t have worked? worked.

Conditio nal Perfect

sth. that might have happened in the past (It's too late now.) main clause in type III of the if clauses

would + have + past participle *

I would have worked.

He He would Would he wouldn' have have t have worked. worked? worked. I Would I wouldn' have t have gone? gone. He Would I wouldn' have t have gone? gone. I Would I wouldn' have been t have working? been

*(infinitiv e + -ed) I would or (3rd have column of gone. table of irregular verbs) He would have gone.

Conditio nal Perfect Progressi

sth. that might have happened in the past

would + have + been + infinitive

I would have been

ve or Conditio nal Perfect Continuo us

(It's too late now.) emphasis: length of time of an action

+ ing

working.

working .

He He would wouldn' Would he have t have have been been been working? going. going. I wouldn' Would I t have have been been going? going.

I would have been going.

He He would wouldn' Would he have t have have been been been going? going. going.