AGRICULTURE ROBOT

Abstract
The farming activity in our country goes on difficult day by day because of the problems like manpower and labour and also too costly machines for seeding and fertiliser applications. The method we showered here is somewhat solutions for the above problem.

In modern farming applications so many different types of automation techniques are used for easy and man less operation which includes the important functions like seeding and spraying fertilisers. The system uses so many automatic methods which really require very less man power.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ic30QYniYxo&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fwNV4-V9Juk&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlbJK4rHkD0

FARMER SIDE ARRANGEMENT

ENCODER

KEY PAD

AUDIO VIDEO RECEIVER

PC TUNNER CARD WITH

RECEIVER TRANSMITTER 433MHZ PERSONEEL COMPUTER OR TV

MOISTURE LEVEL INDICATOR

ARRANGEMENT AT ROBOT SIDE

BATTERY

SOLAR PANNEL

RECEIVER DECODER MICRO CONTROLLER

ARRANGEMENT FOR SELF ROTATION

MOTOR DRIVING CIRCUIT FOR SEEDING AND DRILLING

MOTOR DRIVING CIRCUIT

C C D CAMERA WITH MOTOR ARRANGEMEN T

MOTORS FOR SEEDING AND DRILLING

WHEEL MOTORS

TRANSMITTER

MOISTURE DETECTOR

MOTOR DRIVING UNIT FOR MOISTURE PROBES

TRANSMITTER

The robot is made of tyre wheels with one free wheel to take immediate actions. The drilling and seeding mechanism is so arranged that the farmer can be controlled from the RF remote control. To navigate the robot the CCD camera is used which rotates at angle of around 270 degrees. The system has been connected with wireless technique to control the action wirelessly. To control the action of vehicle the data has to be send wirelessly so that we are chosen here the ASK (amplitude shift keying) method to send the binary data with RF environment. The data has to be send in the form of binary is encoded with encoder with the help of key pad. The keys may be assigned separately for every function like movement of the vehicle, rotation of the motor for drilling, trigger action for seeding etc. The data for every action will be encoded as 0001, 0010 0011, etc each data has got its own meaning. Finally the encoded data has been send through a RF technique using transmitter which is tuned at 433MHZ. The RF waves radiated in the atmosphere through the RF antenna. When the RF waves are interact with receiving antenna the demodulation will takes place and the logical data are available but the data is in the form of serial and need for converting it in to a parallel for this we are using here the decoder. The decoder converts the serial data in to parallel, the o/p of the decoder is the same data which is send from the transmitter end. The data now passed to the microcontroller for further actions. The microcontroller used here is 89c51 which is flash based memory is so programmed that on receiving the particular data the particular action will execute. The controller is sensing the data and always in the polling mode which poles the I/p. if the data send from the transmitter is for the action of front movement of the robot the particular binary data has been send in the form of RF waves as when it is interact with receiver further the sane data is available to the controller and it send the signal to the motor driving unit so that motors has to rotate in the forward direction and moves the robot in forward. The motor driving circuit uses relay driving unit which decides the direction of the motor with proper polarities. The motors used here is DC type bidirectional 12v type. The same action is takes place for remaining function like backward movement, left, right, forward, seeding and drilling motor rotation stop and start etc. To navigate the direction of the robot the CCD camera is used which capture the image both audio and video signal. To send these signal wirelessly the technique of AM and FM is used for sending the picture info the AM is used and for sound the FM used. The transmitting of these signals is at bandwidth of 5.5MHZ through the antenna at final RF frequency of 400- 500MHZ. When these RF signal are interact with receiver unit which is a farmer control unit receives the data and further demodulation action will takes place and video and audio

data separately processed in the AV process block. The o/p now can be connected to TV or pc for monitoring purpose. The pc can be used with TV tuner card so that robot can be controlled for its movement and also possible to capture the signals directly on the hard disc One more important application of this system is to detect the moisture level In any part of the field using moisture detector and sends this information through wireless technique to the farmer end. For the detection of Soil moisture the farmer has to send a required Signal from the key pad as these RF signal interact with robotic side receiver and processed through controller and control signal has to generate which activate the motor the DC motor is bidirectional which Slides movable Shaft which is fitted with moisture sensor now insert in to the Soil and calculate the moisture level. After sensing the level of the moisture through a op. amp 741 which is arranged in comparator mode this logical output lies in two states as less moisture and sufficient moisture fed to the transmitter unit which sends this information towards farmer house now the farmer take a decision whether the watering is required or not and if this required to build a moisture level, through key pad he will send a control signal to activate sprayer control to sprinkle the water. This method avoids man power which required to test the moisture level at different part of the field. The total power supply requirement for all circuit operation is develop through a solar system. The solar panel converts light in to electrical voltage which is further stored in battery and utilize for all circuits. The photovoltaic cell used here is 6v and battery is 6v Lead acid maintenance type this provides the Concept of energy conservation.

Applications:
1. Required very less manpower 2. Possible to capture both video Audio info in the fields 3. Navigation is done through CCD 4. Can be used by even an illiterate farmer also. 5. Less risky for the plants and soil 6. Neat seeding is possible. 7. Fertilisers and chemicals can be throwing without harm 8. Wireless detection of moisture level 9. Solar operation avoids the dependency normal electricity