PeriodicTableSummary Worksheet

Answers

1.Whichstatementiscorrectabout elementsinthePeriodicTable?
A:InGroupI,thereactivitydecreasesasproton numberincreases. B:InGroupVII,themeltingpointincreasesas protonnumberincreases. C:InGroupVIII,theelementsbecomedarkeras protonnumberincreases. D:InGroupII,thenumberofoutershell electronsincreasesasprotonnumber increases.

ThoughtprocessforQn 1
A:InGroupI,thereactivitydecreasesasproton Asprotonnumberincreases=Downthegroup, ReactivityofGroupImetalsincreases. numberincreases. B:InGroupVII,themeltingpointincreasesas Asprotonnumberincreases=Downthegroup, MeltingpointofGroupVIIhalogensincreases. protonnumberincreases. C:InGroupVIII,theelementsbecomedarkeras Asprotonnumberincreases=Downthegroup, Colour ofGroupVIIInoblegasesremainscolourless. protonnumberincreases. D:InGroupII,thenumberofoutershell Asprotonnumberincreases=Downthegroup, Numberofoutershell electronsinGroupIIremainsthesame electronsincreasesasprotonnumber (2). increases.

2.Whydoesthecolour ofaqueouspotassium iodide changewhenchlorine gasispassedintoit?

A:Asolutionofpotassiumchlorideisformed. B:Chlorineandiodideionscombinetogetherto formacompound. C:Thechlorinedisplacesiodideionstoform iodine. D:Thepotassiumiodideisdecomposed.

ThoughtprocessforQn 2
A:Asolutionofpotassiumchlorideisformed. B:Chlorineandiodideionscombinetogetherto Chlorineandiodideionsdonotcombinetogetheratall. formacompound. Yes,andbecauseiodineisbrownhere,acolour changefrom C: Thechlorinedisplacesiodideionstoform colourless tobrownisobserved. iodine. D:Thepotassiumiodideisdecomposed. Nothingdecomposesduringdisplacementreaction.
Thoughtprocess: 1) Identifythehalogenwhichwillbedisplacingthehalidefromitssolution.In thiscase,itischlorinetryingtodisplaceiodinefromitshalidesolution. 2) Sincechlorineismorereactivethaniodine,displacementreactionwill occurandiodinewillbeformed(brownsolution) Potassiumchlorideisalsocolourless,soitdoesntaccountforcolour change.

3.Whichlistcontainselementswhichallexistas diatomicmoleculesatroomconditions?
A:chlorine,neon,oxygen B:fluorine,hydrogen,neon C:helium,hydrogen,iodine D:hydrogen,bromine,chlorine Thoughtprocess: Noblegasescanonlyexistassingleatomsor monatomic.Usethisknowledgetoeliminateoptions. Halogensandgasessuchashydrogen,oxygenand nitrogenexistasdiatomicmolecules.

4.Whichelementformscoloured compounds, actsasacatalystandshowsvariablevalencies? A:hydrogen B:iron C:magnesium D:zinc

Bothironandzincaretransitionmetals whichfittheabovedescription.However, onlyironcanformvariablevalencies due toFe2+ andFe3+.

5.Lithiumandcaesium arethe1st and5th elementsinGroupIofthePT.Whichofthe followingiscorrect? A:CshasalowermeltingpointthanLi. B:Cshasmoreelectronsinitsoutershellthan Li. C:Csisametal,Liisanonmetal. D:CsreactslessrapidlywithwaterthandoesLi.

ThoughtprocessforQn 5
A:CshasalowermeltingpointthanLi. Downthegroup,meltingpointdecreases. B:Cshasmoreelectronsinitsoutershellthan AllGroupImetalshave1valenceelectron. Li. AllGroupIelementsaremetals. C:Csisametal,Liisanonmetal. D:CsreactslessrapidlywithwaterthandoesLi. Downthegroup,reactivityincreases.Csisexpectedtobemore
reactivethanLi.

6.Whichstatementislikelytobecorrectabout anew element(Sa)with7outershellelectrons?

Yup,itgainsoneelectrontofillitsvalenceshell. A:ItformstheionSa. B:Itismonoatomic. becauseitisnotstableonitsown. Itcannotbemonoatomic Itisnotlikelytoconductelectricitybecauseitisexpectedtobe C:Itconductselectricity. anonmetal.

D:Itformscovalentcompoundswithelements GroupIelementsaremetals.GroupVIIelementsare inGroupI. nonmetals.Thecompoundformedbetweenthemis

mostlikelyionic.

ThoughtprocessforQn 6
A:ItformstheionSa. Yup,itgainsoneelectrontofillitsvalenceshell. B:Itismonoatomic. becauseitisnotstableonitsown. Itcannotbemonoatomic
Itisnotlikelytoconductelectricitybecauseitisexpectedtobe C:Itconductselectricity. anonmetal.

D:Itformscovalentcompoundswithelements GroupIelementsaremetals.GroupVIIelementsare inGroupI. nonmetals.Thecompoundformedbetweenthemis

mostlikelyionic.

7.FluorineistheelementatthetopofGroupVII inthePT.Whichstatementisnottrue?
DownGroupVII,reactivitydecreases.Fluorineismore A:Fluorineislessreactivethanchlorine. reactivethanchlorine.
Allhalogensexistasdiatomicmolecules(F2,Cl2 B:Fluorineexistsasdiatomicmolecules. ,Br2,etc) C:Fluorineformsnegativeionsinits Yup,fluorineneedstogain(one)electrontofillitsvalenceshell definitelynegativeion. compounds. D:Fluorinedisplacesbrominefromaqueous Yup,fluorineismorereactivethanbromine.Soitcan potassiumbromide. displacebromidefrompotassiumbromideinorderto

formbromine.

ThoughtprocessforQn 7
DownGroupVII,reactivitydecreases.Fluorineismore A:Fluorineislessreactivethanchlorine. reactivethanchlorine.
Allhalogensexistasdiatomicmolecules(F2,Cl2 B:Fluorineexistsasdiatomicmolecules. ,Br2,etc) C:Fluorineformsnegativeionsinits Yup,fluorineneedstogain(one)electrontofillitsvalenceshell definitelynegativeion. compounds. D:Fluorinedisplacesbrominefromaqueous Yup,fluorineismorereactivethanbromine.Soitcan potassiumbromide. displacebromidefrompotassiumbromideinorderto

formbromine.

8.Whichelementismostlikelyan alkalimetal?
Element Melting Density Numberofcompounds point (g/cm3) formedwithchlorine (oC)

A B C D

220 113

0.002 3 2.1 3 1 2

1280 1.9 1540 2

9.Whichelectronarrangementisthatofa gaseouselementthatfillslightbulbs?
A:2 B:2.6 C:2.8.3 D:2.8.8 Thoughtprocess: Keyword:fillslightbulbs Thinkofnoblegases

10.Astatine(At)hasaprotonnumber85. WhichislikelytobeapropertyofAt?
Nope,sinceAtisanonmetal(ofGroupVII). A:Itisaverygoodelectricalconductor. B:Itdisplacesiodinefromanaqueoussolution Nope,AtislessreactivethanI.SoAtcannotdisplaceI. ofiodideions. C:ItisdisplacedfromanaqueoussolutionofAt Yup,BrismorereactivethanAt.SoBrcandisplaceAt. ionsbybromine. D:Itsoxideisbasic. Atisanonmetal.Nonmetalsformacidic oxides.

ThoughtprocessforQn 10
Nope,sinceAtisanonmetal(ofGroupVII). A:Itisaverygoodelectricalconductor. B:Itdisplacesiodinefromanaqueoussolution Nope,AtislessreactivethanI.SoAtcannotdisplaceI. ofiodideions. C:ItisdisplacedfromanaqueoussolutionofAt Yup,BrismorereactivethanAt.SoBrcandisplaceAt. ionsbybromine. D:Itsoxideisbasic. Atisanonmetal.Nonmetalsformacidic oxides.

SectionBQ1
Term Alkalimetals Halogens Noblegases Transition elements First example Sodium Fluorine Helium Iron Second example Potassium Chlorine Neon Zinc

Note:ThequestionaskedforNAMES.Donotwritethechemicalsymbols.

Q2
Element chlorine bromine iodine astatine Molecular formula Cl2 Br2 I2 Melting point(oC) 101 7 113 Boilingpoint (oC) 35 59 184

2.
(a)(i)Whichelementinthetableisliquidatrtp? Bromine[1].

2.
(a)(ii)howmanyoutershellelectronsdoes astatinehave? 7/seven[1]

2.
(a)(iii)Predictthemolecularformulaofastatine. At2[1]

2.
(a)(iv)Predictthephysicalstateandcolour of astatineatrtp. Solid[1] Black[1]

2.(b)(i)Whathappenswhenaqueouschlorineis shakenwithaqueoussolutionsofsodiumsalts.
Sodiumsalt Observation Namesof products

Sodium bromide

Sodium iodide

Colourless solution turnsorange. [1] Colourless solution turnsbrown.

1.Sodium chloride 2.Bromine 1.Sodium chloride 2.Iodine

2.(b)(ii)Chemicalequationforthereactionof aqueouschlorinewithaqueoussodium bromide. Aqueouschlorine=Cl2 Aqueoussodiumbromide=NaBr Cl2 +NaBr NaCl +Br2 Balanced? Cl2 +2NaBr 2NaCl+Br2

[1]

3.AmetallicelementZhasthe followingproperties:
Soft,withsilveryappearance Lessdensethanwater Meltingpointlessthan100oC FormsachloridewithformulaZCl OxideofZreactswithwatertoformasoluble hydroxide

3.(a)SuggestwhichGroupofthePT metalZbelongsto.
GroupI[1] Inromannumeral,otherwise,wrong.

3.(b)State3 observationsyouwouldexpectifa pieceofZwasaddedtocoldwatercontaininga littleUniversalindicator.

Colourless solutionisobtained. Effervescenceofacolourless,odourless gas. Solutionchangesfromgreentoblue/purple. mark: Solutionturnshot/warm Reactsquickly Metaldissolvesinwater

3.(c)Writetheequation,includingstate symbols,forthereactionthattakesplace.
Generalequation? Alkalimetal+water metalhydroxide+ hydrogengas Z+H2O ZOH+H2 Z(s) +H2O(l) ZOH(aq) +H2(g) Balanced? 2Z(s) +2H2O(l) 2ZOH(aq) +H2(g)