Archaeol ogia Bul garica

D(

2005

1-15

Sofia

LATE ENEOLITHIC STONEASSEMBLAGE FROM SITE ADATA' SOUTH BULGARIA

RADKA ZLATEVA-UZU N OVA/ V SEV OLOD KU RCHATOV Introduction The material present in the paper was obtained during the period of 1999-2001at the site of Adata by the village of Paspal, Ardino district, hydrological junction "Madan", Upper Arda River The artifacts are significant becauseof their chronological position at the end of the Eneolithic period and the geographiclocation of the site. The end of the Eneolithic in Upper Thrace lowland and the Rhodope Mountains dates around 3900-3800 cal. BC (Foqaxues 1992; Nikolova 1999). Adata material is the from that first fully studied.stoneassemblage period and region'. The site belongsto one of the most insufficiently archaeologicallyexplored part of the Rhodope Mountains. Arda River was one of the main roads in prehistory. Stone assemblage by The stonestock is represented 63 artefacts: - anvil stones- 9 (Pl. llllT): - hammerstones, batons and billets - 10 out intentional treatment are concentratedin pits. - little concretionswith intentional polishing of surfaces- 2 (Pl..llU?); - river stones- 20'; qluartzgeodes- 8. Chipped stone assemblage - techno' typological analysis contains162 The chippedstoneassemblage artifacts divided in five technological groups. Cores - 7: two with changed orientation, in final stageof exploitation; two platform cores and four single-platform cores, in an advanced phaseof exploitation (Pl. IllS): three cores are on massiveflakes, other three- on concretions; one core with changedorientation is reutilized as hammer-stone.Flakes were detached from all artifacts. Striking platforms are prepared, faceted,or disposedon edges.Flaking surfaces are mostly flat. In the group are presentedfour natural pieces with attemptsfor exploitation. The main values of length, width and thickness are calculated for intact pieces, in differ(Pr.IIr/3); - polished stone tools and fragments- 8 ent technologicalgroups.For the variable quantities of length and width classeswere formed (Pt. IIr/4,5,6,8); a - protector for bow-shapeddrill - I (Pl. with pitch of l,0cm. For the thicknessclasses pitch of 0,5cm was used. [ul); - smoothingstones- 5. The length of the coresis usually about 5,5The width is between of In most casesthe natural forms with or with- 7.5cm.,in42,9Vo cases.
Technological groups Cores Blades Flakes Small flakes Retouchedtools Other
s
h

number

4o

l1

n
4l 10

6,7 17,2
?5?

l8 t62

6,1 33,6 11 , 1 100

from LE site Adata Table 1. General structureof the flint assemblage

(Historical The pottery tiom the site is still being studied.According to somepreliminary infbrmation tiom M. Kamarev for both Late Eneolithic complexesfeaturesthat are characteristic Museum, the town of Kardzaly), it possesses VI Kodzadermen-Gumelnitsa-Karanovo and Krivodol-Salkutsa-Bubany. Some of them were used fbr smoothing of pigments. 1

Radka Zlateva- Uzunova/ Vsevolod Kurchatov

3,5 and 4,5 cm. (42,9Vo), thicknessis between5,0 and 6,0 cm. the Blades - 28. Seven with tracesof usage.The mesial fragmentsare predominant(10 specimens), followed by distal - 8. Blades were frequently detachedfrom one-platform cores in the phaseof exploitationby punch or soft hammer.The side-viewsare slightly convex,the advanced sectionsare trapezium-shaped triangular.In five casesthe butts are preparedby single blow, or two are faceted,tree are dihedral. The lateral edgesare parallel in most cases. Calculated for 28 pieces Classes:
I Length Number Vo

width
1,0-2,Ocm

Number

Vo

Thickness Number 0,1-0,5cm

0,5-1,Ocm 1,0-1,5cm

Vo

tr

1,0-2,0cm 2,0-3,Ocm
3,0-4,0cm

9
8 8 I

m
N

4,0-5,0cm 5,0-6,0cm

32,1 28,5 28;1 {'\ 7,4

l9
7
z

67,6
?50

t7
8
J

2,0-3,0cm
3,0-4,Ocm

7,4

60;l 28,5 10,8

4,0-5,Ocm 5,0-6,0cm

V I

23

lm

28

100

23

100

fiom LE, at Adatasite Table2. Length, widthandthickness for classes blades, - 41 , one of them with use traces.Detachedmost frequentlyfrom one-platformcores Flakes and rarely from cores with changed orientation. Dominant are artefacts with 507o cortex - 16, cortical - 9, and two with cortical distal surfaces. One artefactis from correctionof core angle. The butts are prepared by a single blow in twenty two cases,ten are dihedral, eighth are faceted and one is unprepared. In the group of small flakes specimensfrom the retouching processand the initial preparation of cores are presented. Calculated 4l intactpieces. for
Classes: Length

Number 9 l5

Vo

width r,0-2,0cm

Number
1

Vo
?4)

Thickness Number 8 24
.l

Vo

1,0-2,0cm 2,0-3,0cm 3,0-4,0cm 4,0-5,Ocm 5,0-6,Ocm

21,9 36,5 29,5 9,1 2,4

t7,o 0,1-0,5cm
0,5-l,Ocm 1,0-1,5cm

19,5 58,7 9,7 12,l 100

tr
UI

2,0-3,Ocm
3,0-4,0cm

t4 l0 8 2
4l

t2
4

24,5 19,5 4,8 100

v
V

4,0-5,Ocm 5,0-6,Ocm

1,5-2,Ocm

5
4l

4'l

r00

Table 3. Length, width and thicknessclasses flakes,from LE, at Adata site for usgq as nammer-srones are In the assemDlage 5 unloentltleo pieces n tne blaee) identifiedDtecesand l3 concretrons usedas ham ano I J Type: End-scrapers Combinedtools Perforators Backed blades Arrowheads Truncated blades Retouchedblades Retouched flakes Side-scrapers Fragmentsof retouchedtools number
Vo

ted

l0 2 2 2
J

19,0
J,I J,t ),t

8 16 7 I
z

6,0 15,0 30,2 13,0 2,O 100

I
Table 4. Typological structure of the flint assemblage fiom LE, at site Adata

Late Eneolithic Stone Assemblagefrom Site Adata, South Bulgaria

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5 Pl. I.FlintartefactsfromLEassemblageatsiteAdata:1,3,6,8,9,13end-scrapers;2,4arowheads; blade. 15 core; 10 retouched flake: 7.11 truncated blades:12 combinedtool; retouched

Radka Zlat eva- Uzunova/ Vsevo lo d K urc hatov

End-scrap 9 (PI. ll\,3,6,8,9,13; Pl. 1113,6,11,13). Five flakes and four blades.The fronts are convex in most caseswith steepor semi-steep retouch.One of the tools is a double end-scraper.The other one is a rounded endscraperwith retouch on the ventral side of the front. Retouch on the lateral edges can be observed,which in a few casesis alternating. Combined tools arq presentedwith multiple burin on straight truncation and straight truncation with notches(PI. I/12). Atypical perforators - 2. On the flake and fragment of blade (Pl. II/14), with alternating semi-flatretouch. Backed blades - 2. One with an irregular and one with a straight-backed edge(Pl. IV5). Arrowheads - 3. Two of a triangular form, bifacial retouch and straight base. The third is of an irregular triangular form and a concave base,retouch is on all upper and on part of the ventral surfaces(Pl.l/2,4; Pl. U/
?\

Truncated blades - 8. Six artefactsare straighttruncatedblades(Pl.ll7,ll; Pl. M.), two are oblique. Retouched blades - l6 (Pl. I,10,14; PI. Ill4,9,l0). There are blades with retouch on one of the lateral edges,on both lateral edges, with retouch on the ventral side. One of the artifacts is a pointed blade (Pl. llll2). Retouched flakes - 7. the retouch is on different parts of lateraledges,or it is alternating (Pl. I/5; Pl. II/8). 1. On flake with semiSide'scrap steep retouch. Fragments of retouched tools - 2. The length of the retouchedtools on flakes (12 specimens) was usuallyaround2,0-4,0cm, in 50,0Vo cases.The grouping for the width of is the same,as for the length.The thicknessis The length of the between0,1-0,5cm(41,6Vo). is retouchedtools on blades (25 specimens) account around 3,0-5,0cm, in 44,0Vo.The grouping for the width is between 1,0-2,0cm (52,0Vo). The thicknessis between0,5-1,Ocm (8O,UVo). length of the arrowheads 2,5is The 3,5 cm, the width is 2,0-2.5cm,the thicknessis 0,5-1,Ocm. Butts are preservedon 25 artifacts.Eleven 4

of them are preparedby single blow, seven are dihedral, five are faceted and two are prepared by more then two blows. Other morphological and technological characteristicsof the retouched tools are analogicalal to those of the groups of the blades and flakes. Raw materials 21 In the assemblage types of raw materials are separatedand described: BG.Ad.Ql - quartz crystals,2.5/0.5cmin size, covered with Fe-oxides (Table 6). Perhaps from basic deposit,becauseof preserved crystal walls. Typical of Rhodopeanlead-zinc deposits. BG.Ad.Q2 - milky quafiz of poor quality. Composedof quartz of medium grain size and mosaicextinction. Optically, no mineral impurities were found. Clay componentsprecipitated later in the quartz fractures. Samples consistof quartz,vein, and probably metamorphosed. BG.Ad.R1 - lightgrey-green,opaque,without impurities and fractures,good technological quality.DepositnearMomchilgrad. BG.Ad.J1 - reddish-brown, fine grained, peropaque, without impurities and dislocations, quality. Composed of fine-grained quartzfect chalcedony aggregateswith hematite and dissolvedFe-oxides(Table 6). Small quartzcrystals, among secondarygel veins in the qtartzare chalcedonyaggregates, with mosaic extinction. Clay mineralsare of small quantity.XRD analysis establishedquartz,clay and carbonate minerals, increasedamount of Ti in the hematite. Spreadamong Arda riverbed. BG.Ad.01- gray with unequallydistributed lighter and darker spots. Covered weathering crust of opal and Fe-oxides. Composed of quartz-chalcedonyfine crystals to fine grains (Table 6). Clay minerals are less than 5Vo. Dusty organic materials are available. XRD analysisdeterminedopal phase,which belongs to the weathering crust. Characteristic for the middle river basin of Arda. BG.Ad.Al - gray to black, fine-grained, opaque,with white and gray mineral spots.Perfect quality. In small fractures secondarylight mineral can be seen.Composedof cryptocrysmassand talline to fine-grainedopal-chalcedony

Late Eneolithic Stone Assemblagefrom Site Adata, South Bulgaria

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at Pl. IL Flint artefactsfrom LE assemblage siteAdata: I truncatedblade; 2 arrowhead;3,6,I 1, 13 endscrapers;4,9,lD,l2retouched blades;5 backedblade; 8 retouchedflake; 14 atypical perforator.

Radka Zlateva-Uzunova/ Vsevolod Kurchatov

regularly distributed mica component,plus a large amount of ash organic material. Rock was fibrous brecciatedand cementedby secondary radial chalcedony.XRD analysis established quartz and opal phases. BG.Ad.A2 - white to milky-white, microlayered, uneven (the brecciated pieces are transparent).Denser and concentric layers with mineral genesisand rare brownish spots No were observed. distortions.Cortex is thick, porous, white, with weathering products. No laboratory analyses.The source is vein type, near the village of Zagorsko,Momchilgrad district. of BG.Ad.OChl - in shades green,layered, without distortions. fine-grained, opaque,even, Composedof cryptocrystallinegel opal-quartz massand regularly distributedmica component. Small quartz pieces and rare spots of organic material were found. In the secondaryfractures there are precipitated mica componentsand Feoxides. The XRD analysis proved quartz and opal only. BG.Ad.OCh2 - brownish with gray and white spots, more transparentthan the groundmass(as leopardskin), with evento conchoidal fracture, micro-grained. No laboratory analySCS.

BG.Ad.F1 - gray-brownish to black, with lighter spotsand squareimpurities.Composed of fine-grained quartz-chalcedonymass and Fine layers or oval spots of radial chalcedony. crystal calcite areas,fine grains of ore minerals and dissolved Fe-oxides around them can be in seen.Mica componentis represented small (ashor bigger spots) amounts. Organicmaterial was found. Organic material is rarely found and is presented by undistinguishabledetritus. Known from Pchelina, the West Rhodope Mountains. BG.Ad.F2 - blue-green to black, amorphous,transparent, with dark organicspots.No laboratory investigations.The depositsare situated near the town of Kardzaly. BG. Ad.F3 - beige, middle-grained,layered, uneven, transparent,without impurities, with small vugs of irregular shapeand different size. Poor technologicalquality. Composedof gel to mass and cryptocrystallineopal-chalcedony 6

small pieces of clastic qtuafiz.Irregular,rarely elongated, chalcedony pieces were found and relic dissolved carbonateminerals. The mica minerals are represented in small amounts, bound and regularly distributed. Fe-oxides are not abundant. The opal fractured type can be seen. The XRD analysis established a crystobalitephase. BG. Ad.F4 - black, fine-grained, without lineage, luster, impurities, distortions and products of weafhering,with conchoidal fracture, opaque. Perfect quality. Composed of microcrystallineopal-quartzmass,containing much micro and fine-crystal quartz. Bigger qtafiz crystals are banded. Rock is black because of ash organic material, small amount mica material and Fe-oxides.XRD analysis established qvartz and opal only (Table 6). Deposits near hydrological junction Siroka poljana. BG.Ad.FS - red, middle-grained, even, without impurities and distortions.Good quality. Deposits near village Godeshevo, Gotse Delchev.Composedof gel to cryptocrystalline opal-quartz mass, with regularly distributed mica components.Dissolved quartz pieces were discovered,organic material and Fe-oxides, small veins filled by secondarychalcedony, pieces of clastic qtartz, mica cornponents. Pieces of terrigenous quartz are separated from the main rock by secondarychalcedony. XRD analysis establishedquartz and opal. The rock was tectonically and metamorphically altered. BG.Ad.F6 - light beige, fine-grained,with resinousluster, even, opaque,small light-green veins, without distortions.Perfectquality. Commass. posedof fine-grainedchalcedony-quartz The mica component is kaolin, detectedby XRD analysis.The pelitic kaoline is regularly and distributed.The elements-impurities those with bigger concentrationsare near to those from the other groups. BG.Ad.F7 - brown with red areas,finegrained,even,opaque,without impurities,distortions and products of weathering. Composed of gel to cryptocrystalline opal-chalcedony mass.Color is result of regularly distribMica componentis not abunuted Fe-oxides.

Late EneoLithic Stone Assemblagefrom Site Adata, South Bulgaria

ru

Pl. IIL Stoneartefactsfrom LE assemblage siteAdata; I protector for bow-shapeddrill; 2 intentional at polishedconcretion;3 billet; 4,5,6,8.polishedstonetools; 7 anvil stone.

Radka Zlateva- Uzunova/ Vsevolod Kurchatov

dant. With many chalcedony with irregular, oval or elongated shape and ash black mass, probably of organic material, silicified and ferruginized fossils, probably radiolarians. XRD analysisestablished quartz (chalcedony) and opal only. BG.Ad.F8 - brown with resinouslusterand white spots,even, slightly transparent, without distortions and weathering products. Perfect quality. Composedof colloform to fine-grained chalcedony-opal-quartz masswith radial chalcedony aggregatesand veins. Quartz grains, jasper and small assemblages dendritescan or be seen. Mica component is recognized as montmorillonite - in bigger amount,distributed irregularly. Ore discovered,fine to middlegrained,partly replacedby Fe-oxides(Table 6). Weathering productsare distinguished Fe-oxGroup: Rawmaterial type: I BG.Ad.FI
BG.Ad.F3 Retouched tools

ides and opal. BG.Ad.F9 - gray-white and blue-violet parts, opaque, middle-grained, with dull luster and uneven fracture. No laboratory analyses. DepositsaroundArdi no. BG.Ad.Fl0 - reddish-brown, slightly transparent, with conchoidal fracture, fine-grained, perfect cleavage. No laboratory analyses. Known as Radingrad, type D. BG.Ad.F11- dark yellow, fine-grained,micro-layered,transparentin different levels, lustrous, even. Good technological quality. No laboratoryanalyses. Depositsin North Bulgaria. BG.Ad.F12 - gray to brown, in some part pink colored, without luster, fine-grained, poor quality. The quartz crystals, 2mm in size, are found on the broken surface. Deposit near Momchilgrad.
Flakes Blades

Cores 0 0 0
I

Various

Z 2l 2 5

5
I

8 0 3 )
I

4
I

0
0 2 0 0 0 0 5 0

BG.Ad.F4 BG.Ad,F5 BG.Ad.F6

0
I

0
I

2 0
I 4

BG.Ad.F9
BG.Ad.JI
BG.Ad.Ol BG.Ad.OCM

0
J

I 5 7 6

0 0
I 4

9
lJ

6 0 2
I

0 0 0
J

10 6 5 6 10 8
J

BG.AdQr
BG.Ad.Q2 I BG.Ad.F2
BG.Ad.Ff BG.Ad.F8

2
2
I

0
I

2
I

2 2 3
z

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 2 0 0
I I
J

2
A

BG.Ad.Al BG.Ad.A2 BG.Ad.R1

BG.Ad.OChl BG.Ad.FI2

0
I

2 0
J

0
0

2
a L

9
A

z
IJ
t

0 0
J

BG.Ad.FI1

16

BG.Ad.F1O Z

0
51

0
28

0
1l

0
l8

z- 162
Tabte 5. Dispersion of raw material types in LE assemblage from Adata site

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Late Eneolithic Stone Assemblagefrom Site Adata, South Bulgaria

W
3\

ffi

ffiil

w)J

R(

Pl. IV. Flint artefacts from Dolna drianka:I notchedblade;2,10 truncated blades;3,5,9end-scrapers; 4,6,7,8,12,13 retouched blades; core. 11

Radka ZIat eva- Uzunova/ Vsevo lo d K urc hatov

Raw material types were separated the groups by localin ization of their sources.The first group containsvarietiesfrom the West Rhodope Mountains, the second* from the East Rhodope Mountains, the third - from North Bulgaria. The raw materials from the first group (Table 5) are predominant(59,3Vo). The varieties from secondgroup are representedwith 29,0Vo.In the last place are types from the third group (1l,7Vo).For the design of cores varieties BG.Ad.Fl and BG.Ad.OChZ arepreferred.Most flakes are made from BG.Ad.F1, BG.Ad.O1. In the group of blades no tendency can be observed. Raw materials BG.Ad.F11, BG.Ad.Ol and BG.Ad.Fl arepreferred for tools. The high level of erosiondoes not allow the preservation artiof facts outside structures. Eneolithic layersare retainedbest in the pits and below the two Late Bronze Age stoneramparts-'. The question about interpretation of the site, i.e. whether it was a settlementor fulfilled some kind of cult functions like it was in the Late Bronze Age, is not clear at the present stage of research. Providing an answer based on stoneand flint artifacts is impossible, becauseof the small number of assemblages suitable for comparativeanalyses. The assemblage dominated is by single-platform cores for flakes, flakes and retouchedtools on flakes. Hish number of tools
" Ramparts constructed are mainly with millstones. of themprobably Part belong period, theirpresent to theEneolithic but identification impossible. report is The will be published a separate in article devoted LBA stone to artif'acts.

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Late Eneolithic Stone Assemblagefrom Site Adata, South Bulgaria

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piece;2,8 end-scrapers; from Jagodinskapestera Haramiiskadupka: 1 splintered and Pl. V. Flint artefacts flakes;7, 9 cores. 3-6,I 0 retouched

11

Radka Zlateva- Uzunova/ Vsevolod Kurchatov

and debitage,little presentsof cores,fragments belong to complex Kodzadermen Gumelnitsa - Karanovo VI. In the first assemblage with attemptsto exploitation, chips and unidenthe tified piecescan be seen.The typological struc- low number of cores for blades and bladelets ture is dominated by retouchedblades and end- must be mentioned.They were brought into the scrapers.The stage of fragmentation is low. site ready for exploitation. In Kapitan The high number of flakes is perhaps a re- Dimitrievo this group is absent. both collecIn flection of the widely used local raw materials tions blades are predominant in the debitage, with considerable hardness, which doesnot al- most of them with traces of usage and a high low the separation of blades, even after a pre- level of intentional fragmentation. In the typocise treatment. A large part of the retouched logical structureof Yunatsite retouchedblades, tools on blades are from imported raw materi- truncations and end-scrapersare prevalent; in als (from them cores are not presented).On the Kapitan Dimitrievo typological uniformity was other hand, the presenceof fragments with at- observed - almost all specimensare endtempts of exploitation, cores,small-sizedflakes scrapers blades.Both investigations on marked and others, suggestthat within the site different a tendencyto decrease blade or tools length. proceduresof the technologicalprocesswere The assemblagefrom Adata is similar to performed. They were single acts, not a sys- those from "settlement" type sites. There are tematic practice. differencestoo. but attention has to be directed Comparative analysis at the distinctions in the size and location of the Arrowheads are significant, becauseof their sites. In the case of Adata we can speak only diagnostic value. Two types are presentedfor separate buildings. The typological structure with triangular form and with a straight or con- and the innertype varieties lead us to examine cave base. Artifacts from the first type existed Adata assemblage one belonging to a small as over a relatively long period of time, acrossa mountain site used temporary or seasonally. wide geographic area (Lichardus/LichardusThe Adata collection has its analoguesin Itten 1993).With secondtype the clipp is situ- Late Eneolithic assemblages from other ated in the center and bends towards the lateral Rhodopeansites - Dolna drjanka, near Ardino edges.Artifacts are with semi-coverbifacial, (Pl. IV), Yagodinskaand Haramiiskadupka (Pl. surfaceretouch on the ventral side, and overlay V) caves, Mogilata near Smolyan (3:rarenabifacial, surface retouch on the dorsal. Flakes V:yHona 2005b), Kerez kaja - layer B (Pl. were used as initial forms. Artifacts are close VI) and Umruk kaya, near Kirkovo, Varhary. to arrowheadsfrom Early Bronze Age and not The analoguesinclude raw materials and a tycharacteristic for the Late Eneolithic. For ex- pological structureand manner of the manufacample, in assemblagefrom Yunatsite, arrow- turing of tools.Most of the assemblages still are headsare mostly leaf-shaped, with convex lat- in the processof exploration, or their publishing eral edges,straight or convex baseand combi- is imminent, while the results from others are nation of bifacial, surface and lamellar retouch not scientificallyused.The preliminary inforrna(Sirakov/Tsonev2001). Arrowheads identical tion can allow for an attempt at describingtheir to the secondtype from Adata are known from general characteristics. Early Bronze Age Ezero, Upper Thrace In the assemblages tools and flakes prevail. (feoprr.ree et al. 1979), Dikili Tash, North Cores are of a small quantity. Blades appear Greece(Seferiades1995), and Demircihuyuk, considerablyrarely, except for the collection Anatolia (Baykal-Seeher/Obladen-Kauder from Kerez kaya B (3narena-Y3yHoBa 1992). waste products 2005a). In the last assemblage The comparative analysesis difficult to per- from the manufacturing processare presented. form because the low number of the investiof Cores in all collections are single-platform gated assemblages- Yunatsite (Sirakov/ in dominance, for initial forms natural pieces Tsonev2001) and Kapitan Dimitrievo (faqon were preferred, and those on concretions and 1999),Upper Thrace lowland. The assemblages flakes are sporadic. Flaking surfacesare often I2

Late Eneolithic Stone Assemblagefrom Site Adata, South Bulgaria

fl

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t3

Radka Zlateva-Uzunoya/ Vsevolod Kurchatov

short and flat for flakes; coreswith narrow flaking surfacesfor bladelets are also presented. The data for the preliminary preparation is scarce. Debitageelementsusually are from singleplatform cores,in an advanced stageof exploitation.The bladeshave parallelor irregularlateral edges,trapezoidalcross sections,straight or convex sideviews,preparedbutts. Flakes from different stages of exploitation can be found. The flakes with faceted and prepared butts are predominant. In the typological structuresend-scrapers, retouchedflakes and bladesare most common. Considerably rare are the truncated, backed and notched tools. Arrowheads,side-scrapers, burins, splinteredpieces,perforators,combined tools, segments,etc are rare. There is a tendency of a different intensity in the assemblages for using flakes for retouchedforms. On the basis of the stylistic traits of part of the retouchedtools on bladesit can be supposed that they were brought in the studiedterritory in an already finalized mode. An exceptionfrom what has beenpresented so far is the assemblage from Dolna dryanka. There are some differences - semi-fabricates, especially flakes are of a small quantity, a tendencyfor producingtools on blades,a high percentageof raw materials from North-Eastern Bulgaria,a high level of intentional andunintentional fragmentation. The typological structure and the traits of secondarymodification and morpho-metrical parameters semi-fabricates of on most retouchedtools show that the assemblage is close to materialsfrom Upper Thrace lowland - Yunatsite,Drama. The number of raw material varies, their percentage participationin the collectionsand location of known depositspresuppose esan tablished and heterogeneous supply system. Local raw materials for the Rhodopeswere preferred, those from other regions are present only among the retouchedtools. In the assemblagesfrom Haramiiskadupka, Yagodinacave and Mogilata predominantare the varietiesfrom the Westernparts of the mountain- near hydrologicaljunction "Siroka polyana", deposits Nosa, Kremakliev dol, Sadzaksudere. etc. In

the assemblages from Kerez kaya, Varhary and Umruk kaya predominant are raw materials from the EasternRhodope Mountains' deposits. At the presentstage of research,it can be assumedthat the technologicalcycle was performed outsidethe sites,with the exceptionof the chain for the productionof flakes and tools on flakes. Conclusion As was already mentioned,the assemblage from Adata is close to the "settlement" typ". But there are somepeculiarities,characteristic for collections from the Rhodope Mountains. The assemblage contains a small amount of cores and characteristicflakes, but a number of retouchedtools, bladesand flakes.This picture repeatsthe model known from the Late Eneolithic period on the East Balkans.Most of the retouched tools are from raw materials originating in North Bulgaria. The typological structure is dominated by end-scrapersand retouchedblades,but at the sametime most tools are on flakes. There is a tendency for a decreasein the length of the blade.This tendency was observedwith a varying intensity in other assemblages from the same period, from the territory of Upper Thrace lowland. The confirmation,supplement revisionof or the data on the character and specifics of chipped stone industry during the Late Eneolithic period from the Rhodopeareais imminent. It concernsa detailedtechno-typological classificationof assemblages, roads and patternsfor raw material supply. In this connection, the necessityfor the accumulationof an informationalbaseshouldbe emphasized as premise for future investigaan indispensable tions. BIBLIOGRAPHY u Eonducuee, 1992.llpexogrr MexAyeHeoJrr{ra .fl. 6pouronara e[oxa B cBernuHara Ha

paAlloB:brnepoAHnre 4arvr.- Apxeonorlrr 2, 5l-53. f a 4oe, tr4. I 999. Kpeu:ruuu a;lrcav'6 or Heonr4Ta tu rr Kbcgrrfl xaJrKolnr. In: Huxoros, B. (pea.). Celnqua tro-

ru:raKanurau!,uulrrpuero,Pa:xonxuI 998- 999. I CoI l5-121. $nr.

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Late Eneolithic Stone Assemblagefrom Site Adata, South Bulgaria feopeuee, I-./Kamutruapoe, P./Mepnepm, H. 1979. Erepo - paHHo6pousono cenlllue.Co$ua. l3l -l4l . ancau6nu or rcea, 3nameea-Vsyr P. 2005a.KaprenHu l4sKar lr Kep* raa, o6uLrnaKr.rprooo, o6exrn [OupyK press ro.rHuPoAonn.in the P. 3nameea-Vsyrrcea, 2005b.Kauesslt apre$arru KoM[JreKc MecrnocrraMoB r,r or xpaMoB MaHacrIrpcKI,I r:z;r'ara, rpag Cuon*r. in the press A./Obladen-Kaucler, 1996. Die J. Baykal-Seeher, Kleinefunde.Demirdcihuyuk 4. Mainz. 132-139. Lichardus,J./Liclurdus-Itten, M. 1993.Das Grab von Reka Devnja (Nordostbulgarien).Ein Beitragzu zwischenNord- und Westpontikum den Beziehungen in der frrhen Kupferzeit. - SaarbruckenStudienund Materialien zur Altertumskunde 2, 33-36. Nikolova,L. 1999.The Balkansin Later Prehistory. in Chronologyand CulturalDevelopment Periodisation, the final Copperand EBA. BAR 791. at M. excavations DiSeferiades, 1995.Deshayes' of kilitash:The Early BronzeAge Levels.-Reports PreProjectsl, 95-128. historicResearch Ts. Sirakov.N./Tsonev. 2001. The Late Eneolithic from the Tell Yunatsite(SouthBulFlint Assemblage garia).In: Problems the StoneAge in the Old World, of Jubilee Book Dedicatedto Prof. J. K. Kozlowski. Krakow.343-36'7. K:bCHOXAJI KONI4TEH KPEMbTIEH AHCAMEbN OT OEEKT AAATA, TOXHA EbJIfAPI{' rcea/ BceeonodKypuamoe Pedrca3nameaa-Vsyr (pesrcue) aHKpeMEqeH Crpyxrypara HaKbcHoxiuIKoJIIrrHIr{ Ha Agara (n seMnl4qero cenoflacna-n, cau6u or o6exr o6quna ApguHo, Po4onure)e 6nr,rsra ra3l{ or u3Ao 3a BecrHI,ITe [epuoga o6errlr ot "celuulenrun". flypaKonI4Ca Ta r.roTIIaAbUI{TeOTIpOI,I3BOACTBOTO B MaJIKO qecrBo. flpeo6nagauar perylxl{paHl{ op'b4vs, ilracrvt:lt r,rorlroMbrlr{. llpouanogcroeHlltr uI{KbJI rtportlqar ocZsxlroqerule ego6ran ua ornourHoBHoII3B6Ho6exra. rrrr or MecrHr{ cypoBI{HrL Hacr or peryrIrllpaul{ $opnan (nrpxy nnacruuw) ca uzpa6oreHrr or BrrcoKoKaqecrBeHrr cypoBrIHHIrpa3HoBIrAHocrH,HexapaKTepult ra paiona. Moxe 4a ce upeArlonoxu, qe re3I,I apre$axur ca BHactHlr B foroB nu4. B rlrnororfiqecKara crpyrrypa upeo6rraAaBar crr,pranKl,I H perylxupaHlr [nacruuu. Ha6nroOT K}M I43rOTBtHeHa Opl'il149. OTJrO.[aBa ce TeITAeHUI{fi Mbrln. Radka Zlateva-Uzunova PhD Student Vsevolod Kurchatov PhD Sofia University 15 Tsar Osvoboditel Blv. BG-1000 Sofia radul@mail.bg

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