unctions of various departments

Every organisation is made up of different department. Each department contributes to the running of the business. The most common departments are: Production Marketing & Sales Finance Human resource and in some cases, Information Technology departments

Production Department
The production department is responsible for converting inputs into outputs through the stages of production processes. The Production Manager is responsible for making sure that raw materials are provided and made into finished goods effectively. He or she must make sure that work is carried out smoothly, and must supervise procedures for making work more efficient and more enjoyable. There are five production sub-functions Production and planning. They will set the standards and targets at each stage of the production process. The quantity and quality of products coming off a production line will be closely monitored. Purchasing department This department will provide the materials, components and equipment required. An essential part of this responsibility is to ensure that stocks arrive on time and are of good quality The stores department The stores department are responsible for stocking all the necessary tools, , raw materials and equipment required to service the manufacturing process. The design and technical support department They are responsible for the design and testing of new product processes and product types, together with the development of prototypes through to the final product. The works department This department is concerned with the manufacture of products. This will include the maintenance of the production line and other necessary repairs. The works department may also have responsibility for quality control and inspection.

Human resource Department

The role of Human resource department is in charge of recruiting, training, and the dismissal of employees in an organisation. Recruitment and selection Training programmes

Training programs are held by the HRD to improve the employees skills, as well as to motivate them. There are three main types of training : 1. Induction training 2. On-the- job training 3. Off-the-job training Manpower Planning The HR department needs to think ahead and establish the number and skills of the workforce required by the business in the future. Failure to do this could lead to too few or too many staff or staff with inappropriate needs. Dismissal and Redundancy (retrenchment) Dismissal is where a worker is told to leave their job due to unsatisfactory work or behaviour. Redundancy is when the business needs to reduce the number of employees either because it is closing down a branch or needs to reduce costs due to falling profits. It may also be due to technological improvements, and the workers are no longer needed.

Marketing department
These are the main section of the market departments: Sales department is responsible for the sales and distribution of the products to the different regions. Research & Department is responsible for market research and testing new products to make sure that they are suitable to be sold. Promotion department decides on the type of promotion method for the products, arranges advertisements and the advertising media used. Distribution department transports the products to the market.

Finance Department
Book keeping procedures Keeping records of the purchases and sales made by a business as well as capital spending. Preparing Final Accounts Profit and loss account and Balance Sheets Providing management information Managers require ongoing financial information to enable them to make better decisions. Management of wages The wages section of the finance department will be responsible for calculating the wages and salaries of employees and organising the collection of income tax and national insurance for the Inland Revenue. Raising Finance The finance department will also be responsible for the technical details of how a business raises finance e.g. through loans, and the repayment of interest on that finance. In addition it will supervise the payment of dividends to shareholders.

Marketing Management is concerned with all those activities which are essential to determine and satisfy the needs of customers so as to achieve the objectives of business. Thus, the prime objective of marketing management is to achieve the objectives of the business. Thus the prime objective of marketing management is to achieve the objectives of the business. A business predominantly aims at earning reasonable long-term profits by satisfying the needs of customers. The major objectives of marketing are as follows: 1. To satisfy the customers: The marketing manager must scientifically study the demands of customers before offering them any goods or services. Selling the goods or services is not that important, as the satisfaction of the customers needs. Modern marketing thus always begins and ends with the needs of customers. 2. To increase profits for the growth of the business: The marketing department is the only department which generates revenue for the business. Sufficient profits must be earned as a result of sale of want-satisfying products. If the firm is not earning profits, it will not be able to survive in the market. Moreover, profits are also needed for the growth and diversification of the firm. 3. To generate customer base for the business: The Marketing manager must attract more and more customers to buy the firms products and services. This will also result into increased sales. 4. To determine marketing-mix that will satisfy the needs of the customers. Product, pricing, promotion and physical distribution should be so planned as to meet the requirements of different kinds of customers. 5. To increase the quality of life of people: Marketing Management attempts to increase the quality of life of the people by providing them better products at reasonable prices. It facilitates production and distribution of a wide variety of goods and services for use by the customer. 6. To create good image: To build up the public image of firm over a period is another objective of marketing. The marketing department provides quality products to customers at reasonable prices and thus creates its impact on the customers. The marketing manager attempts to increase the goodwill of its business by initiating image building activities. If a firm enjoys goodwill in a market, it will increase the morale of its sales-force. They will show greater loyalty and will develop a sense of service to the customers. This will further enhance the reputation of the business.

Definition of Marketing Marketing is a Process To Create Value for Customer To Maintain Customer Relationship To Get Maximum Profit

Functions of Marketing Departments Environmental Analysis and Marketing Research: Monitoring and adapting to external factors that affect success or failure, such as the economy and competition; and collecting data to resolve specific marketing issues. Consumer Analysis: Examining and evaluating consumer characteristics, needs and purchase processes; and selecting the group's of consumers at which to aim marketing efforts. Distribution Planning: Forming logistical relationships with intermediaries, physical distribution, inventory management, warehousing, transportation, allocating goods and services, wholesaling, and retailing. Promotion Planning: Communicating with customers, the general public, and others through some type of advertising, public relations, personal selling, and/or sales promotion. Product Planning (including goods, services, organizations, people, places, ideas): Developing and maintaining products, product assortments, product images, brands, packaging, and optional features, and deleting faltering products.