Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
TRABAJO PROPUESTO:
INTEGRACIN NUMRICA DE
UNA ECUACIN CONSTITUTIVA
VISCOPLSTICA
MECNICA DE LOS MATERIALES ESTRUCTURALES
MASTER EN MECNICA ESTRUCTURAL AVANZADA
AUTOR: JOS ALFONSO ARTERO GUERRERO
ndice general
1. Ejercicio 1
1.1. Enunciado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2. Resolucin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2.1.
Mtodo
1.2.2.
Esquema
1.2.3.
Resultados
1.3. Conclusiones
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
A. Programa MATLAB
11
Captulo 1
Ejercicio 1
1.1.
Enunciado
Un material metlico presenta un comportamiento mecnico que se ajusta a un modelo de plasticidad J2 con endurecimiento istropo viscoplstico.
Las ecuaciones constitutivas del metal son:
= C : e
p
f = Y (p , )
p
p
Y (p , ) = g1 (p )g2 ( )
g1 (p ) = (A + Bp )
p m !
p
g2 ( ) = 1 +
D
p =
E = 210GP a
A = 300M P a
= 0,3
B = 150M P a
D = 5 104
VARIABLES EN EL INSTANTE n:
0,0004 0,0002
n = 0,0002 0,002
0,0003 0,0005
0,00045 0,00025
0,00025 0,0025
pn =
0,0008 0,0011
m = 0,2
0,0003
0,0005
0,0011
0,0008
0,0011
0,001
p
= 0
p = 0,4
0
0,001 0,0005
0
= 0,001 0,002
0,0005
0
0,003
= 107 s
NOTA: Con objeto de evitar singularidades matemticas en la resolucin del problema, es conveniente modicar el trmino viscoplstico de
Cowper-Symonds:
p
g2 ( ) =
1+
p
+ 0
D
m !
1.2.
Resolucin
1.2.1. Mtodo
En este trabajo se va a implementar la integracin numrica de las
ecuaciones de la viscoplasticidad 3D, de tal manera que se pueda conocer la respuesta del material en rgimen elstico y plstico. El material
en cuestin se ajusta a un modelo de plasticidad J2 con endurecimiento
istropo viscoplstico, es decir, sensible a la deformacin plstica y a
la velocidad de deformacin plstica. El modelo queda denido en el
enunciado.
Para resolver dicha integracin, no podemos usar un algoritmo explcito pues la solucin no cumple la condicin de consistencia, es decir,
los valores actualizados se separan de la supercie de plasticacin. Es
por ello que debemos hacer un algoritmo predictor-corrector, esto es,
un predictor elstico ms un retorno a la supercie de plasticacin,
ver gura 1.1.
(1.1)
Y lo dems es el retorno plstico. Lo que se debe obtener es el incremento del multiplicador plsticon+1 El sistema de ecuaciones no
lineal es el siguiente:
n+1 = n +
(1.2)
5
(1.3)
(1.4)
f ( n+1 , qn+1 ) = 0
(1.6)
(1.5)
(1.7)
(1.8)
(1.9)
(k)
(k)
(k+1)
(k)
(k)
(k)
(k)
(1.10)
(1.11)
(1.12)
(k)
f (k) fe(k) : A(k) : e
an+1
=
(k)
fe(k) : A(k) : re
(1.13)
n+1
Donde fe = [f fq ], ea =
obtener de :
"
[A(k) ]1 =
a
b
(k)
y re =
(k)
C el + n+1 r
(k)
(k)
n+1 h
r
h
(k)
. La matrix A se puede
(k)
n+1 h
(k)
(k)
I + n+1 hq
(1.14)
(1.17)
q = h
p p
p
Como q = ( , ) y = , entonces:
h = (1,
)
t
(1.18)
(k)
(k)
(k)
n+1 0
(k)
I + n+1 0
C el + n+1 r
(k)
n+1 0
As
(k) 1
[A ]
=
(k)
(k)
C el + n+1 r
0
(1.19)
0
I
(1.20)
"
[A(k) ] =
C 2G 1+2G 3 Ib
(1.21)
f (k)
"
[f
fq ]
2G 3
2
C 2G 1+2G 3 Ib
2
#
r
0
:
h
I
f (k)
(k)
n+1 =
"
[r fq ] :
2G 3
b
(C 2G 1+2G23 I)r
h
(1.22)
(1.23)
2G 3
b =
Esta expresin se puede simplicar gracias a que rCr = 3G y r(2G 1+2G23 I))r
2
0, ver pgina 283 [2].
(k)
n+1 =
f (k)
3G fq h
(1.24)
f (k)
(1.25)
Entonces,
(k)
n+1 =
3G fp
f p
t
Finalmente se obtiene:
(k)
n+1
trial 3G(k) Y
m
h
=
m1 i
p
p
(A+Bp )
+0
m
) + t
3G + B( 1 +
+ 0
D
Dm
(k)
(1.26)
se actualizan los valores de en
(k+1) = (k) +
(k)
t
Se utiliza iterativamente el mtodo de Newton-Raphson hasta que converga que es cuando los valores actualizados estn sobre la supercie
de plasticacin. El criterio de convergencia puede ser:
|(k+1) (k) |
< T ol
(k)
(1.27)
f n+1 < T ol
(1.28)
s
2
(1.29)
(1.30)
1.2.2. Esquema
1.2.3. Resultados
Los resultados se detallan a continuacin:
El tensor de tensiones
n+1
(p )n+1
Conclusiones
10
Apndice A
Programa MATLAB
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% TRABAJO INTEGRACIN NUMRICA %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% MECNICA DE LOS MATERIALES ESRUCTURALES %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% JOS ALFONSO ARTERO GUERRERO %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% INTRODUCCIN DE PARMETROS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
clc
clear all
tic
E=210E9;
nu=0.3;
A=300E6;
B=150E6;
D=50000;
m=0.2;
epsequiv=0.4;
epsrateequiv=0;
t=1e-7;
lambda=(nu*E)/((1+nu)*(1-2*nu));
G=E/(2*(1+nu));
Deps=[0;-0.002;-0.003; -2*0.001; 2*0.0005;2*0];
S=[5.85577e7;1.47404e8;8.27885e7;-8.07692e6;8.07692e7;-9.69231e7];
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% CLCULO DEL ESTADO ELSTICO TRIAL %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
Cel=[lambda+2*G lambda lambda 0 0 0; lambda lambda+2*G lambda 0 0 0;...
lambda lambda lambda+2*G 0 0 0;0 0 0 G 0 0; 0 0 0 0 G 0; 0 0 0 0 0 G];
strainn=[0.0004;-0.002;0.0011;2*0.0002; -2*0.0003;2*0.0005];
11
strainnew=strainn+Deps;
strainp=[0.00045;-0.0025;0.001; 2*0.00025; -2*0.0008;2*0.0011];
Strial=S+Cel*Deps;
SV=(Strial(1)+Strial(2)+Strial(3))/3;
Striald=Strial-SV*[1;1;1;0;0;0];
Sequiv=Sequivalente2(Strial);
nvec=(sqrt(3)/(sqrt(2)*Sequiv))*Striald;
SY=(A+B*epsequiv)*(1+((epsrateequiv+0.0001)/D)^m);
Dif=Sequiv-SY;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% PLASTIFICA? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
if Dif<=0
display('incremento elastico')
Snew=Strial
epsequiv
epsrateequiv
strainp
break
else
display('incremento plastico')
tol=1e-8;
deltaL=0;
ndeltaL=0;
conv=1;
iter=0;
maxiter=100;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% NEWTON RAPHSON %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
while (conv > tol)&(iter<maxiter)
deltaLold=deltaL;
f=(Sequiv-3*G*deltaL)-((A+B*epsequiv)*(1+((epsrateequiv+0.0001)/D)^m));
h=B*(1+((epsrateequiv+0.0001)/D)^m)+...
(A+B*epsequiv)*(1/t)*(m/(D^m))*((epsrateequiv+0.0001)^(m-1));
ndeltaL=f/(3*G+h);
deltaL=deltaL+ndeltaL;
epsrateequiv=epsrateequiv+ndeltaL/t;
epsequiv=epsequiv+ndeltaL;
conv=(Sequiv-3*G*deltaL)-((A+B*epsequiv)*(1+((epsrateequiv+0.0001)/D)^m))
iter=iter+1;
end
12
toc
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% RESULTADOS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
display('def plastica')
epsequiv
display('incremento multiplicador plastico')
deltaL
display('def plastica rate')
epsrateequiv
display('tensor tensiones')
Snew2=Strial-(3*G*deltaL/Sequiv)*Striald
display('tensor def plast')
strainp2=strainp+Striald*3*deltaL/(2*Sequiv)
display('y la f da...')
f=(Sequiv-3*G*deltaL)-((A+B*epsequiv)*(1+((epsrateequiv+0.0001)/D)^m))
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% FUNCIN TENSIN EQUIVALENTE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
function [resul]=Sequivalente2(S)
SVolumetrica=(1/3)*(S(1)+S(2)+S(3));
S=S-SVolumetrica*[1;1;1;0;0;0];
resul=sqrt(3/2)*sqrt(S(1)^2+S(2)^2+S(3)^2+2*(S(4)^2+S(5)^2+S(6)^2));
end
13
Bibliografa
[1] R. Zaera: Apuntes
de la asignatura ,
UC3M, 2011
[2] Ted Belytschko, Wing Kam Liu and Brian Moran: Nonlinear Finite
Elements for Continua and structure , Edt. Wiley, 2000
14