INTRODUCTION

The transport department of each and every city around the world has been entrusted with the responsibility of providing a smooth public transportation system on roads, controlling pollution under permissible limits, keeping a record of registration of vehicles, insurance of vehicles, issuing permits and collection of taxes. These departments function by devising policies, implementing them and then monitor and regulate the functioning of the transport in the city. Traffic rules of the roads are both the laws and the informal rules that may have been developed over time to facilitate the orderly and timely flow of traffic. With the replacement of ancient horse driven carts with cars and trucks, the speed of the traffic increased paving way for the need of smooth roads and yet smoother traffic. So, to curb the need of the smoother traffic, some rules were devised to assure that the traffic runs smooth. Almost all of the roadways traffic rules are built with devices meant to control traffic. SOME GENERAL FACTS: The First Accident In 1771 the first accident involving a motor vehicle took place in Paris when Cugnot's steam tractor hit a low wall in the grounds of the Paris arsenal. The First Act The Locomotives and Highway Act was the first piece of British motoring legislation. This was also known as the Red Flag Act of 1865. The act required three persons in attendance one to steer, one to stoke and one to walk 60 yards ahead with a red flag to warn the oncoming traffic. The First Number of the World The world's first car number plates were issued by the French police in 1893. First Man to be Challaned In 1895 John Henry Knight was convicted and fined for using a motor-tricycle on the highway. He was probably the first motorist to appear in court. First Fatal Car Accident The first motor-car accident in Britain resulting in the death of the driver occurred in Grove Hill, Harrow-on-the Hill, London, on 25th February 1899. Dusty Road to Tar Surface In 1902 Tar was first used on a Macadam surface to prevent dust in Monte Carlo. It was the idea of Dr. Guglielminetti, a Swiss. At first the tar was brushed in cold, but soon it was applied hot. The Motor Car Act The Motor Car Act of Britain came into force on 1st January 1904. It required that all cars be registered and carry a number plate, and all motorists to have a driving licence. But there was

no driving test to pass and the licence was obtained by filing up a form and paying the fee at a post office. The act made dangerous driving an indictable offence. The First Petrol Pump The first petrol pump was installed in USA in 1906. The First Traffic Light of the World The World's first traffic lights were installed in Detroit, USA in 1919. The first traffic lights in Britain were installed in Wolverhampton during 1928. However, they did not come to London till 1932. Pedestrian Crossing The pedestrian crossing were instituted in Britain in 1934. The roads were marked by dotted lines. On the pavement there were striped Belisha beacon light poles named after Britain's Minister of Transport L. Hore-Belisha. The Zebra crossing with black and white stripes was developed after the second world war. First Traffic Police Woman Police women were used for traffic control duties for the first time in Paris in 1964. In Delhi we introduced women traffic police in 1989. First Box Junction Box junctions, marked with yellow cross-hatching, were introduced in London during 1964. The aim was to prevent traffic blocking junctions when it could not proceed and this was successful

PUNE TRAFFIC POLICE DEPARTMENT: Pune city also has one of the largest networks of roads to carry vehicles from not only the city but all over the country within its jurisdiction. Pune Traffic Police has made serious efforts to maintain the smooth flow to traffic on the roads of city. Pune faces the issues of parking, mobility and congestion on roads.Traffic regulations, prevention and reduction in the number of accidents as well as inculcating a sense of discipline amongst road users are high on the agenda of Pune Traffic Police. Despite several constraints traffic police is making continuous efforts for ensuring smooth and unhindered traffic, prosecuting traffic offenders and educating general public. Area of influence: Pune Municipal Corporation Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation Pimpri Chinchwad newly developed Pradhikaran Nigdi Pune Cantonment Board Khadaki Cantonment Board Manpower available for the traffic division One Deputy Commissioner of Police 4 Assistant Commissioner of Police 18 Inspectors of Police 49 Assistant Inspectors of Police/Deputy Inspectors of Police 916 Police Constables Traffic Police Division In-charge Assistant Inspector of Police / Deputy Inspector of Police Number of Traffic Divisions :30

ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE:

Police Commissioner

Joint Commissioner

Deputy Commissioner of Police,Traffic

Assistant Assistant Assistant Commissioner of Commissioner of Commissioner of Police Zone 2 Police Administration Police Zone 1

Assistant Commissioner of Police Zone 3

P.I.Administration and P.I. Faraskhana Planning Traffic Division P.I.Traffic control roomP.I. Kothrud P.I.Prosecution Traffic Division P.I.RSP P.I. Deccan Traffic Division P.I. Vishrambag Traffic Division P.I.Samarth Traffic Division

P.I. Wanwadi Traffic Div'n P.I. Swargate Traffic Div'n P.I. Yerwada Traffic Div'n P.I. Koregaon park Traffic Div'n P.I. Bandgarden Traffic Di

P. I. Chatushrungi Traffic Division P. I. Pimpri Traffic Division P. I. Nigadi Traffic Division P. I. Hinjewadi Traffic div.

List of Important Traffic Offenses& Compounding Fee Charged Motor Vehicle Act Componding Description of Offenses Sections Fee (In Rs.) Driving without Permit (Transport Vehicle) 66(1)/192 1000 No Parking, Corner Parking, Double Parking, No Entry 119/177 Compounding Toeing Vehicle Fees Charges (In RS) (In RS) 2 wheeler RS 100 RS 50 3 wheeler Auto Rickshaw RS 50 RS 100 3 wheeler goods carrier RS 100 RS 100 4 wheeler light vehicle RS 100 RS 150 4 wheeler heavy vehicle RS 100 RS 200 Componding Motor Vehicle Act Description of Offenses Fee Sections (In RS) Disobeying traffic signs & signals 119/177 100 Driving without License 3(1)/181 300 Demanding excess meter charges Auto/Taxi 21(12)/177 50 Abounding vehicle thereby causing obstruction to smooth 122/177 100 flow Carrying Passenger on Foot Board 123/177 100 License not in possession 130/177 100 Dazzling Light 235/177 100 Illegeable No. Plates 235(2)/177 100 Carrying persons/things causing obstructions to drivers 23(1)/177 50 front seat Blaring Horn 231/177 100 Giving vehicle to the person who had no driving license 5/180 300 Driving or giving unregistered vehicle 39/192 1000 Speeding/Lane cutting 112/183 200 Driving/Giving uninsured vehicle 146/196 300 Ignoring Traffic Officer's Signal 132(1)a/179 200 Rash Driving 184 500 Carrying passengers on Bonnet/Cabin/running Board 123/177 100 Carrying excess passengers by Auto/Taxi 21(20)/177 50 Offense under Emission Control Act 190(2) 500 to 1000 Using mobile phone while driving 250(a)/177 100 & 500 Refusing passenger to nearest destination by 22(d)/177 50 Auto / Cab

Unauthorised transport of passengers No Head Lamps Not displaying 'L' Board

66(1)/192 105/177 3(c)/177

1000 100 100

Number of total vehicles till Jan 2011

Total accidents 2010

SOURCE: http://ptp.indictranstech.com/index.php/en/statistics.html

ROAD SAFETY PUNE: The Road Safety Patrol was established by the Traffic Control Branch, Pune in 1958. The training of students commenced in 1962. Its primary objective was to impart education to school students on traffic rules & regulations, safety measures for preventing motor accidents, guidelines for pedestrians and as a guide to serve others. This kind of training is presently imparted to 204 schools (58 of these from Pimpri-Chinchwad) and around 31,000 students each year. At the end of the year a passing out parade is carried out at Pimpri-Chinchwad area and Pune City area where the best candidate is awarded based on written exams, evaluation of parades and various other criterion. The training provided covers: a) Indoor Information about Motor Vehicles Rules, City Roads, Highway Roads, Type of Sign Boards, About Signals, Physical Training, Automatic Traffic Signal, Type of Accidents, etc. b) Outdoor Physical Training, Parade, Marching, Saluting, Traffic Controlling, etc. Road Safety Week Every year around the 1st week of January a road safety week is observed. The students accompanied by the Police Officers take it on themselves to propagate the Safety Norms for motorists. Various Banners, Pamphlets, Placards, Public Announcement, Exhibition, etc. are used to spread this information.

MISSION OF PUNE TRAFFIC POLICE DEPARMENT It is an endeavour of the Pune Police to enhance the quality of life in our city by working in Partnership with the community and in accordance with constitutional rights to enforce laws, preserve peace, reduce fear and provide for a safe enviornment. OBJECTIVES OF PUNE TRAFFIC POLICE DEPARTMENT: Prevent and reduce accidents. Effective enforcement of traffic regulations. Inculcate a sense of discipline amongst road users and educate the public including school children on road safety. Ensure smooth and secure traffic movement for special occasions and VIP duties with minimum inconvenience to public. Develop a sense of responsiveness and sensitivity to the needs of the public. Render assistance to public in various stressful conditions such as prompt first aid to accident victims. Develop the human resources of traffic police. Assist and advice various agencies in coordinated development of infrastructure for smooth and safe flow of traffic. Ensure protection of the environment and take appropriate steps for prevention of noise and air pollution. Encourage participation and involvement of public in traffic management. Prevent and reduce accidents. Effective enforcement of traffic regulations. Inculcate a sense of discipline amongst road users and educate the public including school children on road safety. Ensure smooth and secure traffic movement for special occasions and VIP duties with minimum inconvenience to public. Develop a sense of responsiveness and sensitivity to the needs of the public. Render assistance to public in various stressful conditions such as prompt first aid to accident victims. Develop the human resources of traffic police. Assist and advice various agencies in coordinated development of infrastructure for smooth and safe flow of traffic. Ensure protection of the environment and take appropriate steps for prevention of noise and air pollution. Encourage participation and involvement of public in traffic management.

SOME USEFUL TIPS 1) Always use dippers at night, let others have safe sights. 2) A helmet can save many tears if you have it on your head while driving. 3) Help the handicapped, blind and Kids cross the road. 4) Objects protruding from a moving vehicle are dangerous to others. 5) Do not park or stop at Zebra crossings. 6) Do not unjustifiably blow your vehicle horn. It adds to the noise pollution. 7) Number plate should be distinct and not hazy or in complicated type phase which could make it illegible 8) Simply obey what the traffic sign tells you. It's for the benefit of others as well as for your safety.

TOP ADVICE TO CYCLISTS

Learn cycling in a safe place. Keep your cycle in good working condition. Look on all sides before entering onto the road. Use cycle tracks, wherever available. Always keep to your left and cycle by the edge of the road. Always keep safe distance and do not cycle too close to any parked or slow moving vehicle. Communicate clearly your intentions before taking a turn or changing lanes, especially when you are crossing an intersection. Try to avoid such roads where there is heavy traffic. Never cling onto other fast moving vehicles & avoid all kinds of stunt riding. Don't carry passengers or luggage on the front rod. The load may upset your balance. Look behind before turning and signal with your hand in the direction of the turn. Do not negotiate turns at high speeds, especially on wet roads. Switch on the light at night and during bad weather conditions. Have your mudguard painted white and reflector fitted on it. Wear something light coloured at night. The only right of way is the one the other Driver/Rider gives you, especially the one who

is Bigger/Heavier.

ADVICE TO PEDESTRIANS

Always use the footpath while walking and keep away from the edge of the road. Walk in a single file. If there is no footpath, walk facing the oncoming traffic. Watch out for open drains and other hazards like banana skins and walk carefully. Always use the Zebra Crossings while crossing the road. If there is no Zebra Crossing, cross from a point wherefore you have a clear view of the traffic on both sides. Never cross at road bends and avoid crossing between parked vehicles. Never play on the streets as you could be hit by a moving vehicle. Use light coloured clothes at night. You would want motorists to see you - wouldn't you? Follow the Pedestrian light signals, wherever available. Always use subways, foot-overbridges and footpaths. Do not push your way through road dividers or railings.

Safe Road Crossing Code : -- Stop at the Kerb -- Look to your right -- Then look to your left -- Look to your right again. If the road is clear, walk straight across and don't run.

Research Methodology
Method of Research
The methodology adopted for this project was completely based on primary information. The location of the study was Pune and PCMC .The first stage included gathering information about the Traffic Police Department of Pune and PCMC. That was, to find out the services provided by the traffic police department of pune and its impact on customer satisfaction. The second stage comprised determining the objective of the study and drafting the questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed keeping in mind the objective of the study. Relevant information was also collected through interviews with police and general public.

Type of Research
The research conducted was exploratory in nature and the goal was to gather preliminary data to shed light on the traffic police department and various services provided by them. For the purpose of this project, we went for a questionnaire- based survey for the traffic police and the general public. A pilot test of this questionnaire was done for the preparation of final questionnaire. It involved, applying the draft questionnaire to a sample of 5 people. This was done to ascertain which questions are ambiguous, wrongly worded or in any way objectionable.

Data Type
The data for the study were collected both from primary and secondary sources. The primary sources include the traffic police department and the general public. The secondary sources include traffic police sites like www.punepolice.maharashtra.gov.in, www.indictranstech.com , www.janwani.org

Sample Plan
Sample Frame 1. Two different questionnaires are prepared for traffic police and the general public. Sample each type has been given later. 2. Survey was done on the following areas: PCMC(Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation) Baner Aundh Bhandarkar road Nana peth

Hinjewadi
Deccan Talegaon

3. Total survey was divided into two phases In the first phases we completed all traffic police In the third phases completed the general public

Sample Unit
The study was restricted to Pune only. Keeping in mind the objective of the study we sampled the traffic police and the general public. We tried to explore out as many traffic police booths as possible.

Sample Size
No of employees No of customers -

Method
We personally visited most of the traffic police booths in Pune and approached the general public. Few traffic policemen due to their busy schedule could not give time.

Analytical Tool
The data, which was collected, was summarized and tabulated on MS-excel for further analysis.. The tools that have been used are as follows:

Bar Chart Pie Chart

RECOMMENDATION Pune is a city whose roads are heavily stressed owing to a large number of vehicles on roads. One way to reduce this stress was to make the public transport system user friendly and popularize it among the elite class, which has rarely attempted to use public transport system. Janwani has taken this step by introducing the website Pune Bus Guide.