NCERT Class 7:Transportation in Animals and Plants Exercises

1. Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II. Column I Column II (i) Stomata (a) Absorption of water (ii) Xylem (b) Transpiration (iii) Root hairs (c) Transport of food (iv) Phloem (d) Transport of water (e) Synthesis of carbohydrates Ans.1. (i) b, (ii) d, (iii) a, (iv) c 2. Fill in the blanks. (i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the arteries.. (ii) Haemoglobin is present in red blood cells. (iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries. (iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called heartbeat. (v) The main excretory product in human beings is . (vi) Sweat contains water and salts. (vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine. . (viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by transpiration. 3. Choose the correct options: (a) In plants, water is transported through (i) Xylem (ii) Phloem (iii) Stomata (iv) Root hair Ans. Xylem (b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants (i) in the shade (ii) in dim light (iii) under the fan (iv) covered with a polythene bag Ans: Under the fan. 4. Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain. Ans: All living organisms need water, minerals and food for their respiration and growth. Similarly it is required that the waste products should be disposed off from animal and plant cells. It means to stay alive and to carry their metabolic activities all living organisms need transportation of materials.

5. What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood? Ans: Platelets are very important in our body. They are smaller than red blood cells. They help the blood to clot whenever there is a wound on the body. This blocks flow of blood and prevents blood loss. In the absence of platelets any wound on our body will results in blood loss which can cause death.

6. What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata. Ans: Stomata are tiny pores on the surface of the leaves. The two main functions of stomata are: 1. Through stomata the water escapes from the plant in the form of water vapour. 2. Carbon dioxide enters the plant through stomata and is used to prepare food by photosynthesis. 7. Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain. Ans: Transpiration serves a very useful function in the plants.Tranpiration creates a suction pull which pulls water along with minerals up the plant from the roots. This helps to provide water and mineral nutrients to all parts of the plant. As water is given out by transpiration, more water is absorbed. This mechanism also cools the plant and the plant does not die in summers. 8. What are the components of blood? Ans: The blood consists of a fluid known as plasma in which three types of blood cells float: Plasma; It is the liquid part of the blood. Blood cells: There are three types of blood cells: a. Red blood cells b. White blood cells c. Platelets. 9. Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body? Ans: Blood is a specialized bodily fluid that flows in blood vessels. It is needed by all parts of the body because it transports digested food from the small intestine to all parts of the body. Blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the body cells and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs. It also transports liquid waste from the body cells to the kidneys for removal from the body.

10. What makes the blood look red? Ans: The presence of red coloured protein in the blood which is known as haemoglobin makes the blood look red. 11. Describe the function of the heart. Ans: The main function of heart is to pump blood to all parts of the body. The heart is divided into four chambers which helps in circulating the blood. The deoxygenated blood enters the right side of the heart and is pumped to the lungs where it gives up carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. This oxygen rich blood travels back to the left side of the heart. It is again sent to all parts of the body and the process is repeated again and again. 12. Why is it necessary to excrete waste products? Ans: Excretion is necessary in plants and well as in animals. Excretion refers to the removal of metabolic waste materials produced in the body. It is necessary to excrete waste products from the body because the waste materials when gets accumulated in the body produces toxins which are harmful and poison the body system. 13. Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.

Extra question: How the blood circulates in the body. Ans: Blood circulated in the path given here: Body parts- right auricle-right ventricle-lungs-left auricle-left ventricle-body parts.