IPTV Product Training

Multimedia product support Dep.

Contents

Chapter1 Background & Definition Chapter2 IPTV Related Technologies Chapter3 IPTV Bearer Network Technology Chapter4 Successful Application Case

Chapter1IPTV Background & Definition

1.1 Industrial Background; 1.2 What is IPTV 1.3 IPTV services

1.1 Industrial Background

Challenge Chance for Telecom Operators

Evolution of New operation technologies Declining Voice & Data Revenues Convergence of Telecom, Internet, Media and Entertainment Growing broadband network Pipe operator or Service Provider, this is a question

1.1 Industrial Background

IPTV is a Suitable Cut-in Point

Broadband Service enables new service opportunities Video Services are dominating Broadband users desires higher QoE on video services Network operators transfer themselves to a broadband services provider New Revenue Streams with Minimal Investment

1.1 Industrial Background

IPTV Promise: Schedule-free TV, on your terms

IPTV

Traditional TV

Push - Linear Cable or Satellite National & Regional Location-specific services L ti ifi i Time restriction

Pull -On-demand New Competitors Personal, Social Any content to any device TSTV and TVoD, Killer application Enables Multiple-play Enables new business models

Triple-play

Traditional TV business models

1.1 Industrial Background

Global IPTV Subscribers--2008-2012

Millions Globa IPTV Subscribers al MRG, Inc. 2008
100

75

50

25

0 2008 Total ROW North America Europe Asia 24,006,800 647,500 4,570,000 10,728,400 8,060,900 2009 37,363,500 1,171,000 6,772,000 16,008,100 13,412,400 2010 52,016,700 1,790,000 9,585,000 21,537,600 19,104,100 2011 70,891,077 2,769,056 13,065,475 28,310,805 26,745,741 2012 92,800,066 3,753,915 17,343,082 36,285,865 35,417,204

1.1 Industrial Background

IPTV is happening

4.9 Millions

10.7 Millions 8.4 Millions

24 Million subscribers at the end of 2008

1.1 Industrial Background

Evolution of China IPTV
Breaking ice Frustration Progress Turning to better

Sprout

2004

2005 2005

2006

2007

2008

Globally, IPTV service is evolved from experimental stage to commercial use stage. And at the end of the year, PCCW has 480,000 IPTV subscribers There are over 10 million broad band user in China and IPTV goes to experimental stage

Issue the first IPTV license Commercial trial in Harbin and Shanghai

IPTV commercial services are started by the most of the main operators in Europe Only three IPTV licenses issued in China IPTV service was banned by regional administrations in different areas

The size of China IPTV subscribers increased greatly, greatly over 800,000 users The regional administrations request that IPTV service shouldn't be banned by SARFT. And there is fast development in digital TV switching

After years of development, there is a large amount of IPTV subscribers The 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing provides opportunities for IPTV Telecom operators reformation, a new pattern formed .

1.1 Industrial Background

Development of China Telecom IPTV Users

China Telecom is one of the most important operators of China IPTV. It develops 1.3 million IPTV users in 2008. Affected by the mature of AVS, the changes of high-ranking leader and the reformation of telecom operators, China Unicom (original China Netcom) developed slowly on IPTV service.

1.1 Industrial Background

China Telecom

Construction of FTTx Based on EPON Guarantees Bandwidth

Deployed more than 10 million EPON user ports in 2008: Most ports are FTTB and a

few portion of FTTH ports , providing 8M and 20M typical bandwidth options
In 2009, China Telecom will go further in broadband-accelerating strategy and related

constructions based on EPON

China Unicom
In 2008, China Unicom only applies a small scale of EPON In 2009, China Unicom starts the "Broadband-accelerating" strategy based on EPON.

In June, it purchases 11 million EPON lines totally.

Construction mode and service capability are consistent with China Telecom.

1.1 Industrial Background

Wireless Broadband Pushes forward IPTV Service

January 2009, China releases 3G license. March~June, China Telecom, China Unicom and China Mobile Communications Corporation start 3G commercial application. The competition for the wireless service will become the key point between the three main operators.

Based on IPTV platform, China Telecom will provide mobile handset video services through 3G wireless broadband broadband.

The three-screens-in-one (PC screen, TV screen and mobile handset screen in one screen) service will become the most popular operation mode among China operators.

IPTV

1.2 IPTV Introduction

Definition: IPTV: Internet Protocol Television , is a new service which intergrates multimedia and communication technologies using broadband network to provide home users with various interactive services including digital TV;

IPTV

1.2 IPTV Solution

STB IPTV system Contents source

TV

Transmission network Internet TerminalSTB+TVmobile phonepc Access mode ADSLLANwirelessFTTH Typical service Live TVVOD TSTVTVODGames ..

1.3 IPTV Structure

1.3 IPTV Service

Classification of TV Services
Live TV

Full Triple Play Offer Live Channels

100+

24/24 VoD
Films TV program Pay per view Subscription VoD HD content

Standard Bouquet:

63 Channels, 5 HD

30 mins TSTV i

48 hours TVOD h

1.3 IPTV Service

Categories of IPTV License

IPTV nationwide license

Shanghai Media Group (SMG) China Central Television International (CCTV) Southern Media Corporation (SMC) China Radio International (CRI)

IPTV regional li i l license

Zhejiang Radio and Television Group (ZRTG)--within Zhejiang province only

IPTV industry license

Huaxia Network (education contents are allowed to be broadcasted on TV

set terminals)

1.3 IPTV Service

Operation Status of License Holders Shanghai Media Group (SMG)
The first commercial application case: Harbin Netcom The largest commercial application case: Shanghai Telecom Service region: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Hubei, Liaoning,

etc.

China Central Television International (CCTV)

Rich of channel content resources: solely owned resources CCTV3/5/6/8 not

shared to other license holders

To the end of 2008, no great improvement on IPTV service trials Cooperated with Jiangsu Telecom, Inner Mongolia Netcom, Beijing Netcom and

Jilin Netcom while no improvement due to the factors of policy and internal causes

Southern Media Corporation (SMC)

Stress the cooperation with broadcasters on the interactive TV service; No

progress on IPTV service

China Radio International (CRI)

Make a trial on IPTV service with the cooperation of Hunan Telecom

Chapter2 IPTV Related Technologies

2.1 Digital TV Technology 2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology; 2.3 IPTV Streaming Media Technology 2.4 IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

2.1 Digital TV Technology

IPTV Architecture
Headend
Encoder CA\DRM

DTV source CDN central node Service Operation Platform

DTV Technology

IP Networks
CDN edge node CDN edge node CDN edge node

Access network STB

Access network STB STB

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2.1 Digital TV Technology

Digital TV Technology

Definition Digital Television (DTV) technology is a new generation television technology that adopts digital encoding and transporting technologies for the collecting, recording, broadcasting, transmitting and receiving of the TV programs. It includes three parts: information source (transmitting end), information channel (transporting/storing) and information destination (receiving end).

DTV Categories According to the bit rate of the moving picture, DTV is categorized into Standard Definition Television (SDTV) and High Definition Television (HDTV). SDTV and HDTV will coexist for quite a long period to satisfy different customers demands.

2.1 Digital TV Technology

DTV's advantages

Compared with analog TV, DTV has following advantages:

High-resolution TV image: comparable with DVD (lowest: 1280x720, highest: 1920x1080)

High quality acoustics Rich of programs high usage rate of wired network programs, High anti-interference ability, stable image Extended functions: surfing Internet, VOD, querying stock information, online trade, distant learning, etc.

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2.1 Digital TV Technology

What is Standard Definition?

SDTV
Standard Definition Television Resolution and aspect ratio format are similar to analog TV Aspect ratio 4:3 with resolution of 480i or 480p

Analog TV
PAL: 625 lines NTSC: 525 lines

25 frames/s 30 frames/s

Full D1
PAL720x576Phase Alternating Line NTSC720x480 National Television Standards Committee

2.1 Digital TV Technology

What is High Definition?

HDTV
High Definition Television Watching the image details from the distance which is three times the image

height, the quality of the picture is comparable with the actual objects.
1080i/720p or above

1080i
1080 line interlaced 1920x1080 (aspect-ratio 16:9)

720p
720 line progressive 1280x720 (aspect-ration 16:9)

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2.1 Digital TV Technology

Digital TV Formats
Form at Index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1080 1920 16:9 720 1280 16:9 704 16:9 480 704 4:3 Vertical Resoluti on Horizont al l Resolutio n 640 Aspec p t Ratio Scan S Type interlace d progressi ve interlace d progressi ve interlace d progressi ve Refresh Rate [Hz] 30 24 30 60 30 24 30 60 30 24 30 60 24 30 60 30 24 30 HDTV EDTV SDTV Typ T e

4:3

progressi ve interlace d progressi ve

High Definition

2.1 Digital TV Technology

Bandwidth of High-definition Video

High-definition video source

1920x1080i/1080p 1280x720p

Bandwidth
MPEG212~20Mbps MPEG4 or WMV98~12Mbps H.2647~8Mbps

13

2.1 Digital TV Technology

Sub-conclusion

DTV includes: SDTV, HDTV SDTV: 480i, 480P HDTV: 720P, 1080i, 1080P

IPTV

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology

Evolution of Video Encoding/Decoding Standards

First generation of g standards Second-generation Second-g standard

H.264 / MPEG-4 AVC

MPEG-China

AVS

14

IPTV

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology

Video Encoding/Decoding Standards

MPEG-2: Popularly used internationally MPEG-4: Popularly used domestically WMV9: Internationally H.264: Mainstream of the future AVS: China Standard

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology

Video Encoding/Decoding Technology

Intent of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC: providing good video quality at substantially lower bit rates than previous standards

Initially, used for the transport of the multimedia data on the Internet, then for the wireless area, the video encoding standard of MPEG-4/AVC has already be adopted by 3GPP and 3GPP2. And meanwhile, the mp4 audio format (ACC) of MPEG-4 becomes the standard for mobile streaming media media.

MPEG-4-LA is the organization in charge of the patent fee of MPEG-4. It charges 1 million USD dollars per year from each independent operating carrier.

15

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology

H.264
H.264 is the newest international codec standard developed by ITU-T and ISO/IEC. Without decreasing the picture quality, it halves the bit rate of previous codec standard. Three advantages of H.264: Compression ratio and picture quality Due to the improvements on traditional frame prediction and coding algorithm, H.264 achieves a higher coding efficiency and better picture quality than previous standards. Anti packet loss and bit error H.264 improves the anti packet loss and bit error performance.

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology

China Standard AVS

AVS is a proprietary intellectual property of China. Its coding efficiency is 2~3 times higher than MPEG-2, equivalent to H.264. In addition, AVS is based on a concise technology design, and the realization complexity of chips is lower than that of H.264.

H.264 is only a video codec standard. While AVS is a complete standard set including system, video, audio, and copyright management, which can provide comprehensive solutions for digital video & audio industry industry.

Disadvantages for AVS:

MPEG-4 and H.264 are mature standards that have been commercially

applied on a large scale of international market and domestic IPTV industry. Therefore, it is very important to increase the industrialization speed of AVS.

16

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology H.264 6

Compared with other standards, saved ratio of bit rate

Conclusion: With the same picture quality, the compression ratio of H.264 is 2~3 times higher than that of MPEG-2 in DVD system and 1.5~2 times higher than that of MPEG-4 The advanced compression performance of H.264 is achieved from the high calculation complexity which improves the prediction accuracy greatly.

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology

Sub-conclusion

Currently, H.264/MEPG AVC is the best encoding/decoding method

For HDTV, Which mode has HDTV best picture quality? 1080i or 1080p?

17

2.3 Streaming Media Technology

Streaming Media Technology

At the narrow band time, due to slow Internet speed, video files have to be downloaded to local before playing. It not only wastes time and disk space, but also cannot meet the demand of play continuity.

Based on this demand, streaming media appears. It solves the play continuity problem by simultaneously downloading, buffering and playing the video file.

Download:

File

File

Streaming media:

Frame 5 Frame 4 Frame 3 Frame 2 Frame 1

IPTV

2.3 Streaming Media Technology

Transport Protocols of Streaming Media

RTP : Real Time Transport Protocol RTCPReal Time Control Protocol RSVP : Resource ReSerVation Protocol RTSP : Real Time Streaming Protocol UDP User Datagram Protocol

18

2.3 Streaming Media Technology

RTP/RTCP
RTP is a transport protocol of multimedia data flow used for Internet/Intranet

RTP is used for the one-to-one or one-to-many transport, providing time information and synchronization of media streams.

Generally, RTP adopts UDP to transport data, especially for wireless environment.

RTP can be applied on TCP or ATM protocol as well.

2.3 Streaming Media Technology

RTP/RTCP

RTCP together with RTP provides traffic control and congestion control services.

RTP cooperating with RTCP optimizes the transport efficiency based on effective feedbacks and minimized expenses, which is suitable for real-time d t t it bl f l ti data transport on I t t Internet. t

RTP does not guarantee the sequencing delivery of packets, neither does it provide traffic and congestion control. However, RTCP does.

19

2.3 Streaming Media Technology

RSVP
Compared with traditional data transport, the transport of streaming media data is much more sensitive to latency. Therefore, guaranteed bandwidth is not enough for the transport of high quality audio & video data.

RSVP is designed to reserve resources across network. RSVP can reserve a fraction of network resources (bandwidth) to provide QoS for the transport of streaming media.

2.3 Streaming Media Technology

RTSP

RTSP was introduced by Real Networks and Netscape together. It defines how to effectively transport media data for one-to-many application. RTSP adopts TCP or RTP to complete data transport.

Compared with HTTP, RTSP is suitable for the transport of multimedia data while HTTP is suitable for the transport of HTML data, text. In addition, HTTP is a uni-direction service (The client machine sends the HTTP request and the server responses the request). While RTSP is a bi-directional service, both the client machine and server can send the request.

20

2.3 Streaming Media Technology

Sub-conclusion Streaming media technology is different from file download technology.

Streaming media technology is used to continuously deliver frames of video over IP network, so that enduser can enjoy the video continuously without waiting and hard disk occupying.

Basic protocol: RTP/RTCP, RVSP, RTSP

IPTV

2.4: IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

VDN(Video Delivery Network ) is constructed by hierarchical streaming server deployment on the basis of present broadband network. This network provides users with high- quality media services. The actual structure can be either central-fringe hierarchical structure or distributed structure. Central-fringe hierarchal structure resolves the contradiction between centralized programs storage and distributed nearby services providing. The computer cluster mode resolves the problem of economical expansion of single mode service capability capability,

21

IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

CDN Software Architecture

ZTE CDN Subsystem

CMS
Network management

CDN Manager
Content control Service control

SMS

VoD server MSTU

Read/write/record /distribute media services Like TSTV and NPVR

CDN Agent
Node management

SOMP
System management Version management

EMS

Content control Service control

MDU
Living broadcast service such as live TV, live relay, NVOD

Streaming Server Interface adapter

Operation maintenance

Router process

STB

STB

IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

CDN Networking
Central Node
CDN Manager M Agent
VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

ZTE CDN could be Two-level Structure or Multi-Level Structure. ZTE CDN consists of CDN Manager, Agent Manager Agent, VoD server etc.

CDN Manager Agent

The CDN Manager is located in CDN Agent is node or Thethe CDN centrallocated in alone, which is responsible the CDN node, which is VoD Server for network management, responsible for node global content control, management, node content and global service control. control, node service control, VOD servers each node can be and streamingininterface added dynamically to meet the adaptation. gradually increasing parallel VOD requirements. VOD server stores and reads contents, sends video streams , and responds to the VCR requests in the VOD process, and at the same time is responsible for media services such as time-shifted TV, TVoD and NPVR. VOD server for Living broadcast service such as live TV, live relay, NVOD. VOD servers in the same VOD cluster can share the storage.

Storage

Agent
VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Agent
VOD Server VOD Server

Storage

Storage

Region Node

Region Node

Agent
VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Agent
VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Agent
VOD Server VOD Server

Storage

Storage

Storage

fringe Node

22

IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

CDN Functions

1 Device management: manages the storage space, service bandwidth, and service g g g p , , capability of devices in CDN.

2 Node management: node composed of agnet, media storage and media server 3 VCDN management: divides operator owned CDN resources into virtual resouces. 4 service management: mananges contents, channel, live broadcasting ,recood broadcasting,relay;

5 Contents control; 6 Service control; 7 Program playing schedule; 8 capability statistics;

IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

Three CDN Networking

1 single central node structure single-central The central nodes strore programs; The edge node directly provides service to users; The edge node obtains programs via program distribution and Cache mechanism.

23

IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

Three CDN Networking

2 multi central node structure multi-central The central nodes strore programs; The edge node directly provides service to users; The edge node obtains programs via program distribution and Cache mechanism. Each central node distribute program to other central nodes;

IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

Three CDN Networking

3 netted structure The central nodes strore programs; The edge node directly provides service to users; The edge node distributes programs to other edge nodes and each edge nodes acts as the caches of other edge nodes.

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CDN Hardware Architecture

Central Node BOSS

Basic Middleware Platform

EPG server Interface server Statistic Web &CDR server server

Service processing server (CDN Manager)

VS8000C

Edge N d Ed Node VS8000C

MSCU=Agent VoD (MSTU/MDU) SOMP

MSCU=Agent VoD (MSTU/MDU) SOMP

Disk Array

Disk Array

Firewall

IP network

VCDN Solution

Features
VCDN (Virtual content delivery
network) designed for ) g multi service operators CMS EPG CMS EPG CMS EPG Uniform platform, virtual

SP

VSP1 SMS

VSP2

VSP3

SMS

SMS

operation space for virtual SPs VSPs have complete SMS, CMS function

CDN 1
Content

CDN 2
Content Content

CDN 3
Content Content

Content could be shared between VSPs

CDN

Content

User group 3

Personalized EPG for each VSP

Content

Content

Content

User group 1

User group 2

25

CDN Mechanism
CDN Key technologies

Content Distribution Content Schedule

Content Scheduling Mechanism Facing Operators Dual-directional Symmetrical y Scheduling Mechanism between CDN Nodes

ZTE CDN Subsystem

VCDN

CDN Redundancy
Redundancy among nodes Redundancy in one node Redundancy in storage

Load Balancing
Global Load Balancing Local Load Balancing

Live relay

CDN Mechanism
CDN Key technologies

1 Content distribution: include PUSH, PULL,Mirror;

PUSH: PUSH push program f h from one node t another i accordance with th d to th in d ith the pre-defined distribution rules, this can not completed manually;

PULL: in case of the node A cannot meet VOD request of a user, the program can be distributed from node B in time and provided to uer in real-time, meanwhile the program can be also buffered to node A.

Mirror: stands for implements the synchronization between streaming servers by configuring mirror relationship between source streaming server and destination streaming server.

26

IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

CDN Key technologies 2 Content Schedule Technology

Opeartor-oriented program content schedule mechanism; Inter-CDN nodes bidirectional equivalent scheduling mechanism;

3 Load Balancing Technology

Global load balancing mechanism: the system allocates each user Vod request to most suitable Agent for processing;

Serve VOD requests in a own users requests first, then other requests manner; if the streaming server in which the ordered stream is located or the
network connection fails, the system will automatically recode the failure point and reconduct streaming server load balancing and switch progressing ordered stream to new streaming server,the process is transparent to users;

IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

CDN Key technologies

4 Video transmission technology

CDN possesses unique live broadcasting relay and transmit function, Either adopt pure unicasting or multicating for video live broadcasting incurs certain problems.

High-performance computing technique

The multithread technique greatly improves CPU effciency and greatly reduced the dependence of high-concurrent flow on server hardware and achieves high pergormance-price ratio by properly configure server hard mamory and peripheral.

27

CDN Mechanism---- Content Distribution

Content distribution mode

Push
FTP PUSH distribution means that the system can push the program from the upper layer node to the lower layer node according to preset distribution rules. This process can also be completed manually.

Content Library

CDN Manager Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server Storage

VOD Server

Central Node

Note: The blue arrows in this map is signaling flow. The red arrows in this map is media flow.
Agent VOD Server VOD Server Storage

Push

Push

Backbone

Agent VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server Storage VOD Server

Regional Node

Regional Node

Content Schedule
Distribution on demand policy Distribute relevant contents according to the purchasing situation of operators or according to operators operators' application for program contents.
CDN Manager Agent g VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Timed distribution policy Preset plans to conduct timed distribution. Automatic distribution policy Automatically gather statistics of the content and distribute according to the popularity of the content. content

Storage

Central Node

Classification distribution policy According to different contents, set different distribution intervals and destination. Hierarchical distribution policy Set different distribution intervals and destination according to different hierarchies of contents.

Agent VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Agent VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Storage

Regional Node
V O D Se rv er Agent V O D Se rv er Storage V O D Se rv er V O D Se rv er Agent V O D Se rv er Storage V O D Se rv er V O D Se rv er Agent V O D Se rv er Storage V O D Se rv er V O D Se rv er

Storage

Agent V O D Se rv er Storage

V O D Se rv er

V O D Se rv er

Program purchasing and distribution policy Operators can purchase programs; O t h the program suppliers can make update and distribution policies according to the purchasing situation. Agent V V Priority policy of content distribution O O D D Se Se Different operators have different rv rv er er Storage distribution priorities.

Note: Edge Node The red arrows in this map is media flow.

28

Redirection
Global Load Balancing Mechanism
CDN Manager Agent VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Adjacent rules S b ib l Subscribers group rules Sequential service priority Local service priority Local Load Balancing Mechanism Content storage location Concurrent stream traffic G Concurrent connection Server processing capacity
Note1: Breaking point memory in VoD service
V O D S e rv e r V O D S e rv e r V Age O nt D S e rv e Storage r V O D S e rv e r

Storage

Central Node

Agent VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Agent VOD Server VOD Server

Storage

V O D S e rv e r

Storage

Regional Node
V O D S e rv e r V Age O nt D S e rv e Storage r V O D S e rv e r V O D S e rv e r V Age O nt D S e rv e Storage r

V O D S er v er

Age V nt O D S er v Storage er

V O D S er v er

V O D S e rv e r

V Age O nt D S e rv e Storage r

STB

Edge Node

Note 2: The blue arrows in this map is signaling flow. The red arrows in this map Is media flow.

Convergence

CDN Manager Agent VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Storage

Central Node

Agent VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server VOD Server

Agent VOD Server VOD Server

Storage

Storage

Regional Node

Note 1: The blue arrows in this map flow. is signaling flow The red arrows in this map Is media flow.

V O D S er v er Age V nt O D S er v Storage er V O D S er v er

STB

V O D S e rv e r

V Age O nt D S e rv e Storage r

V O D S e rv e r

V O D S e rv e r

V Age O nt D S e rv e Storage r

V O D S e rv e r

V O D S e rv e r

V Age O nt D S e rv e Storage r

V O D S e rv e r

V O D S e rv e r

V Age O nt D S e rv e Storage r

V O D S e rv e r

Edge Node

29

Live Relay
Live relay and forwarding function
Support live relay and forwarding mode such as multicast, unicast, multicast and unicast combined.
TCP Unicast Central server Content making work station Unicast

Unicast

Unicast Edge servers

Unicast

Edge servers

Advantages
Helping the carriers without multicast on network transmit Live TV to end subscribers. Saving the bandwidth.

Multicast

Multicast

CDN Highlight
Push Content distribution mode High-performance processing capability

Global load balancing mechanism

Carrier-class reliability

Live relay and forwarding function

Convenient VCDN operating

Seamless scalability

Powerful network management

30

Chapter3 IPTV Bearer Network Technology

The bearer network consists of access router, BRAS,DSLAM and MODEM. ALL of these devices cooperate to transmit IPTV service stream from media service network to user terminals, For VOD services, the broadband access network provides only user access control and data transmission channel and ensures IPTV VOD service Qos Qos.

IPTV Bearer Network Technology

VOD program and TV program are the two most important

contents for the IPTV bearer network. To reach a comparable quality of the IPTV program with the cable TV program, the IPTV bearer network must provide guarantee at bandwidth, channel switching delay and network QoS.

Bandwidth MPEG4: 1.2~1.5M per stream H.264: 1M per stream At least 2M per user

31

IPTV Bearer Network Technology

Channel switching delay The channel switching time of the cable TV is very short. IPTV service should minimize the end-to-end delay as much as possible. According to survey of IPTV users, the acceptable channel switching delay is 1 second and VOD switching time is 10 second.

QoS Packet loss and jitter will seriously affect the quality of IPTV program. Therefore, it is very important to guarantee the network QoS for IPTV service.

IPTV Bearer Network Technology

Multicast Multicast is a technique for one-to-many communication over an IP infrastructure. The host sends only one copy of the data flow, while the one or multiple recipients receives the duplication of the data flow sent by the host. The advantage of multicast is saving network bandwidth and server resources. Only one data flow is sent above the multicast duplication point. Thus, the bandwidth above the duplication point is saved greatly.

32

IPTV Bearer Network Technology

IPTV Bearer Network Technology (Multicast)

Multicast network structure

User Server Packet (sent once) User
Broadcast TV vs VOD Multicast vs Unicast

User

User

IPTV Bearer Network Technology

Static Multicast VS Dynamic Multicast

For static multicast, the multicast distribution tree (MDT) is established

statically. The multicast stream is transported along the MDT no matter there are users to receive it.
For dynamic multicast, the MDT is established according to the IGMP

request from users, based on the multicast routing protocol.

Static multicast has less delay than that of dynamic multicast. It is

suitable for IPTV. it bl f IPTV

Multicast Management
Controllable management on multicast data received by users Management of multicast source Management of multicast distribution range

33

IPTV Bearer Network Technology

Multicast QoS
Multicast is based on UDP. Hence, there is no re transport mechanism for UDP Hence re-transport

lost packets.
The upgrading of the routers in the backbone network and MAN increases

the Qos capability, which guarantees the QoS of the multicast services.
To guarantee the QoS of multicast services, generally, the abroad carriers

separate IPTV services from normal PC Internet services. Thus, multicast QoS is guaranteed by establishing a dedicated channel for multicast stream.

Multicast duplication point

To save bandwidth, the duplication point should be placed near to the end

users. For ADSL, the duplication point can be placed at BAS or DSLAM.

IPTV Bearer Network Technology

Sub-conclusion

Basic requirement for IP bearer network is:

Enough bandwidth Supporting multicast Better QoS guarantee Security

34

IPTV

4.6 Application of unicast & multicast

Case1:The whole network multicast Switch 1
Live multicast VOD unicast Live unicast Central Node Switch 2

Bearer Network

Region node1

Region node2

Edge node1

Edge node 2

Unicast domain STB

STB

IPTV

4.6 Case2: the whole network unicast

Broadcast Relay unicast Exception S1 S2 Live source / Central d C t l node

Bearer network

Region node1

Region node 2

Edge node1

Edge node2

STB

35

IPTV

4.6
S1 S2 Unicas / t/multi cast source

Case3:Trunk unicast \ multicast in edge

Central node

Live unicast Broadcast relay unicast Vod unicast Live multicast 1 Broadcast relay exception Vod exception Edge node1 Multicast domain 1 Unicast domain STB Edge node2 STB Multicast domain 2 2

Bearer network

STB

IPTV

Chapter4 Successful Application Case

4.1 Shanghai Telecom IPTV Success Factors 4.2 jiangsu Telecom IPTV

36

Shanghai, Shanghai Telecom Introduction

Shanghai-------Largest city and economic center of China
China Telecom is the worlds largest wireline telecommunications and broadband services provider, with about 210 million fixed line subscribers and over 40 million p , broadband subscribers. Shanghai Telecom is a subsidiary of china Telecom, contains about 3 million broadband users.

Launched in Sep.2006. Total 150 million IPTV subscribers (Jan 2011)

Shanghai IPTV Eco System

Head-End

Middleware

DSLAM

SetTop-Box

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Live TV Channels

CCTV 15 Shanghai TV&Eastern TV 12 Digital TV 20 Other 9 Several NVOD Channels

Movie
Sony (11%) Korean (2%)

VOD
Domestic (4%) Theatrical (8%)

HK&TW (33%) European & American (42%)

Teleplay
Hot show (45%) Other (55%) HK&TW (30%) Domestic (52%)

2008

Japanese&Korean (18%)

2008

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HDTV

17/05/2008 Shanghai Telecom launches HDTV service and developed 8000 users at the end of the year.

Live TV 2 Channels VOD 100Hours, update 20hours/month

Launched IPTV Services in Shanghai

Tele-voting Karaoke Gaming TV Shopping Web portals TV yellow Pages Stock Weather Government Online TV-Bank Remote Education

VOD (PPV) TVOD (3 Days) NVOD

Key Focus: Video service QoE Revenue opportunity

Live TV (108 Channel TSTV (60 Min.) Olympic Game Column

Video Phone/Conference Unified Message Hotel IPTV Global Monitoring

ZTE STB

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Market research for service

Data from Shanghai Media Group - SMG g p

Key message from investigation:

TSTV & TVOD is the killer application, 75% user want to buy IPTV because of it. Young family will be easy to accept IPTV which seek for more personalized TV & high quality service. There is big gap between man and woman, normally man is not sensitive about price, but content as sports and news.

IPTV Enables Premium $Content$

Percentage of Viewers

40%

39% 38%

Traditional TV

IPTV IPTV

Data from Shanghai Media Group - SMG

30% 25% 20%

16% 7% 2%

14% 8% 4% 5% 2% 2%0.02% 0.36% 1% Sport Law 0 0.10% 8% 8% 10%

10%

0%

Entertainment Financial Sitcom Movie Kids Social

Game News

Comparison of Traditional TV and IPTV Viewers

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IPTV Value-Added $Service$

Example: Dance Competition 2006 Voting rate of IPTV viewers (with remote controller) was 25 times as high as that of cable TV viewers (using SMS to vote)

Same viewing period: 100,000 100 000 IPTV viewers: 5,000 votes 5% i 000 % 20,000,000 CATV viewers: 40,000 votes 0.2%

Data from Shanghai Media Group - SMG

Revenue Sharing with CP and SP

SMG

Shanghai Telecom

SP

IPTV service provider provides network infrastructure, service provision, and hosts all value-added services; Content provider converts video formats and manages all video contents (including media sharing part)

Data from Shanghai Media Group - SMG

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IPTV Charge Strategy of Shanghai Telecom

Phase III Phase II Phase I

2007, IPTV binding with broadband: Users focus on broadband. Although the number of IPTV users increases fast, the usage ratio of IPTV STBs is very low.

2008, salespromotion on IPTV charge: charge free for over 8 times usage within a month, month together with VOD and TSTV achieve quite positive reputation from IPTV users.

2009, monthly payment pre-paid: cultivate a good payment habit ,it is nearly one million IPTV users

IPTV Sales Promotions of Shanghai Telecom

Increase the usage ratio of subscribed IPTV users Provide preference on IPTV services for its broadband users

2008 IPTV Enjoy Through 2008

Shanghai Telecoms Sales Promotions For IPTV

2009 IPTV Newlife 1/Feb~30/Jun Provide preference on IPTV services for its broadband users 2009 IPTV Care 1/Feb~30/Jun

Extend the preference to 2009 for users expired in 2008

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2008 IPTV Enjoy

area

Service
58 Channels 60min TSTV 48hour TVOD VOD 58 Channels 60min TSTV 48hour TVOD VOD

1M Internet (RM B)

2M Internet (RM B)

Notes

dow ntow n

27

22

1,Be free for first 2 months 2,Use 8 times, off 22 RMB/month/line

suburb

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27

1,Be free for first 2 months 2,Use 8 times, off 22 RMB/month/line

2009 IPTV Newlife

Package

Service
58 Channels 60min TSTV 48hour TVOD 30 special channels VOD Children's Playground Documentary First Run All above

Charge per M onth (RM B)

30

Base Package ase ac age

Optional Package Optional Package Optional Package Totel Package

5 5 10 40

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2009 IPTV Care

Package

Service
58 Channels 60min TSTV 48hour TVOD 30 special channels VOD Children's Playground Documentary First Run All above

Charge per M onth (RM B)

15

Base Package

Optional Package Optional Package Optional Package Totel Package

5 5 10 25

Shanghai Telecom's IPTV and Broadband Users Penetration Rate

IPTV Penetration Rate

2008.9 2008.7 2008.5 2008.3 2008.1

19%

8%

Broadband user

IPTV user

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Relationship of Shanghai Telecom and SMG

User CP/SP of non-Video VAS Shanghai Telecom CP/SP of Video VAS STB Provider CP/SP of Video Service SMG

Content Service

Access Service

STB Order

Responsibility Division and Income Distribution-1

Service
SMG provides and examines the video&audio contents; Shanghai Telecom provides value-added services. If the value-added service includes video&audio contents, it should be approved by

SMG.

Advertisement
Shanghai Telecom ta es charge of IPTV marketing and print media advertisement; S a g a e eco takes c a ge o a et g a d p t ed a ad e t se e t; SMG takes charge of the advertisement on television, radio and other medias.

Investment and Maintenance

SMG takes charge of the investment on source content and content management

platform;
Shanghai Telecom takes charge of the IPTV key platform, bearer network and access

k B id

th

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Sh

h iT l

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Responsibility Division and Income Distribution-2

Before September 1, 2008

Investment on User terminal devices:

50% each for the purchase of STB

Income distribution:

Shanghai Telecom:SMG=35%:65% Shanghai Telecom pays 14 RMB/Mo./User to SMG in the "IPTV Enjoy" promotion in 2008

After September 1, 2008

Investment on User terminal devices:

Shanghai Telecom purchases all STBs

Income distribution:

Shanghai Telecom IPTV Success Factors

Broadband Penetration
Large broadband user base: 3 million subscribers with high loyalty Sufficient bandwidth: up to 4Mbps on average
Marketing Promotion

Annual pay ( y p y for 10 months- 2 p y (only pay months free) Discount when bundling with E-Home

Success Factors

services Free STB for two-years contract

Content Variety and Appeal

Win-win partnership with SMG on content acquisition Compelling and competitive content to attract users Different contents including TV programs from Hong Kong, new release movies Convenience with TSTV & TVOD: watch TV at any time Value-added services increases the profit

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Jiangsu & Jiangsu Telecom Introduction

Jiangsu is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country.
Rank in China (Population) 5 Rank in China (GDP) 3 China China Jiangsu Administrative Division Administrative Division

Population 1,301,531,000 76,245,000 in million RMB 20,940,700 2,556,010

Comparable country

Egyptu in million US$

Jiangsu Telecom, a subsidiary of publicly-listed China Telecom, the largest fixed-line telecom operator in China, has become a major player in broadband services, serving more than 3.3 million broadband subscribers

335,964

Project Profile

In 2006, I 2006 project covers most d l j t t developed d cities in Jiangsu province ,and it has about 100,000 subscribers

In the first half of 2007, the project was expanded to cover 13 cities of the province

Nov, 2005 ZTE beats UTStarcom, Alcatel and Bell

ZTE is a sole provider

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Jiangsu IPTV Eco System

Head-End

Middleware

DSLAM

SetTop-Box

Launched IPTV Services in Jiangsu

System Functions
Multiple CP/SP Access Customized EPG VCDN Live Relay Group User Function Re-operation Channels Mix Integration with hotels system Hotels Solution Self-care Service

Video & Audio Services

Live TV VOD TSTV TVOD NPVR NVOD ITV Virtual Channels

VAS
Karaoke Information Browser B Tele-voting Game Hall Online/Offline Game Video Surveillance VCS Live Advertisement Insertion

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