Course No: - CL-304 Course Name: - Chemical Equipment Design-II IIT-Guwahati

A report on designing of Spray Humidifier

Report Prepared By:P.Yashaswini P.Sairahul ReddyPrerona DasPritom Sharma-

10010741 10010742 10010744 10010745

Date of submission:-25/10/12

CONTENTS

1.) Counter Current Front view of our design 2.) Co current Front view of our design 3.) Objective 4.) Assumptions 5.) Design calculation a.)
Process Design i.) Calculation of Cross Section area of the spray chamber ii.) Calculation of diameter of the spray chamber iii.) Calculation of length and Volume of the spray chamber iv.) Calculation of kg. of water sprayed in the spray chamber v.) Calculation of rate of the make up water needed to be supplied to the spray chamber vi.) Calculation of rate of the Re circulated water vii.) Calculation of number of power required to operate the nozzle viii.) Calculation of number of nozzles required

b.)

Mechanical Design i.) Thickness of the spray chamber ii.) Head design: Conical head iii.) Support Design: Saddle support iv.) Nozzle in shell for water outlet v.) Design of Tank vi.) Design of drift eliminators vii.) Design Ring type flange with a plain face viii.) TORNADO WATER FILTER ix.) AIR FILTER x.) Centrifugal Monoblock Pumps xi.) BLOWERS Cost calculation Power consumption in a year Back Calculation for checking the overdesign GUI using MATLAB based functions:

c.) d.) e.) f.)

Counter Current Front view of our design

Co current Front view of our design

As we are assuming no temperature change of the water, hence the log mean temperature difference remains same for both the case. So, theoretically our design specifications are valid for both co and counter current design.

Objective:- To specify the process and mechanical design of a spray

humidifier which can humidify a gas flowing at the rate of 1000 m3/min with a dry and wet bulb temperature of 35 and 22 respectively, to a humidity of 0.015. The parameters that are to be specified for a.) Process Design are Cross Section area of the spray chamber, Diameter of Humidifier, Length of spray chamber, kg of water sprayed per hour, rate of make up water required, Re-circulated water rate, Number of Nozzles required, power required to operate the nozzle b.) Mechanical Design are Diameter, thickness, length of the spray chamber, type and all specifications of support, Drift eliminator, flange, type and specifications of water tank.

Assumptions:a.) Adiabatic operation b.) Water is available at normal temperature of 20 constant throughout the chamber

and it remains

Design Calculations:a.) Process Design 1.) Calculation of Cross Section area of the spray chamber Lets assume that the velocity of air inside the chamber be 300 m/min i.e 5 m/s. Therefore the cross section area of the chamber will be = =

=3.333 m2

2.)

Calculation of diameter of the spray chamber The diameter of the chamber is given by =

= =2.06065 m 3.) Calculation of length and Volume of the spray chamber The volume of the spray humidifier can be calculated by using the equation Sensible heat loss by the air = heat transfer co efficient Volume of the spray chamber Log mean temperature difference --------------------------------------------------(1)

Log mean temperature difference Temperature of the inlet air, T1 = 35 Temperature of the outlet air, T2 = 25 Temperature of the inlet water, T3 = 20 = 95 = 77 = 68

Now as per our assumption temperature of water remains unchanged Temperature of the outlet water, T4 = 20

Log mean temperature difference =

( ) ( ( ) )

( (

) ( )

= =

( )

= 16.3843 --------------------------(2)

heat transfer co efficient: for air water system heat transfer co-efficient can be assumed to be = 90 Btu/ .hr.ft3---------------(3)

Sensible heat loss by the air Let us take the reference temperature to be 32 Now Mass flow rate of air = Vol flow rate of air = 1000 m3/min Humid vol of air at 35 can be calculated by using the equation ( ) ( )

= 0.8875 m3/kg of dry air Mass flow rate of air = Kg of dry air/min

= 1126.8 Kg of dry air/min = 67607 Kg of dry air/hr = 149047.9117 lb of dry air/hr

Inlet Humidity Let the initial Humidity of air be Y1 We have inlet dry bulb temperature, TG= 35 Wet bulb temperature, Tw=22 We have from the Lewis relation, TG- Tw= (Saturated Humidity-Humidity)

At 35 latent heat of water is 2450 kj/kg of water Specific heat of air is = (1.005+1.88 Y1) kj/k.kg of dry air We have TG- Tw= Saturated humidity =
( )

(Saturated Humidity-Y1)

Saturated Vapour Pressure can be calculated from Antoines equation =exp(11.96481=0.02572 bar =2572 pa Atmospheric pressure = 101325 pa Saturated Humidity =
( )

=0.0162 The equation becomes

35-22= 13 ( 13.065+24.44 Y1 = 0.0108 = 0.0108

(0.0162-Y1) ) ( )

specific heat at the inlet of the air chamber = (0.24 +0.45 inlet humidity) Btu/hr = 0.2449 Btu/hr enthalpy of entering air = specific heat at the inlet of the air chamber (Inlet air temperature Referencetemperature) Mass flow rate of air = 0.2449 ( =2299400 Btu/hr specific heat of the air at the outlet = (0.24+0.45 outlet humidity) Btu/hr = 0.2468 Btu/hr enthalpy of exiting air = specific heat of the air at the outlet (outlet air temperature Referencetemperature) Mass flow rate of air = 0.2468 ( ) Btu/hr = 1640000 Btu/hr Sensible heat loss by the air= 659330 Btu/hr---------------------------------(4) Using Equation (2), (3), (4) in equation (1) we have ) Btu

659330 = 90 Volume of spray chamber = 455.6492 ft3 = 12.9025 m3 We can calculate the Length of the chamber by Length = Length of the chamber = = 3.8712 m Available standard length of the chamber = 4 m 4.) Calculation of kg. of water sprayed in the spray chamber We assume that the rate of water sprayed by the nozzles is 5600 Therefore the water sprayed in the chamber is = 5600 cross section area =5600 =19212 kg/hr 5.) Calculation of rate of the make up water needed to be supplied to the spray chamber Rate of make up water needed to be supplied = Rate of evaporated water+ Rate of windage lost .(1) Rate of evaporated water= (Desired Humidity of outlet air-Initial Humidity of inlet air) kg/hr m

Mass Flow rate of air.(2) Desired Outlet Humidity of air= 0.015 Inlet Humidity Let the initial Humidity of air be Y1 We have inlet dry bulb temperature, TG= 35 Wet bulb temperature, Tw=22 We have from the Lewis relation, TG- Tw= (Saturated Humidity-Humidity)

At 35 latent heat of water is 2450 kj/kg of water Specific heat of air is = (1.005+1.88 Y1) kj/k.kg of dry air We have TG- Tw= Saturated humidity =
(

(Saturated Humidity-Y1)

Saturated vapour Pressure can be calculated from Antoines equation =exp(11.96481=0.02572 bar =2572 pa Atmospheric pressure = 101325 pa Saturated Humidity =
( )

=0.0162 The equation becomes 35-22= 13 ( 13.065+24.44 Y1 = 0.0108 Mass Flow rate of air Mass flow rate of air = (0.0162-Y1) )

Vol flow rate of air = 1000 m3/min Humid vol of air at 35 can be calculated by using the equation ( ) ( )

= 0.8875 m3/kg of dry air Mass flow rate of air = Kg of dry air/min

= 1126.8 Kg of dry air/min = 67607 Kg of dry air/hr from equation (2) we have Rate of Evaporated water = (0.0150.0108)

=283.9494 Kg of water/hr Rate of windage lost We assume windage lost to be 0.2 % Rate of windage lost = 0.002 kg. of water sprayed = 0.002 19212

=38.424 Kg of water/hr Blow down water: Let the makeup water TDS be 300ppm and that it must not exceed 900ppm. r=C2/C1=3 B=
( )

=103.55

Taking the From equation (1) we have Rate of make-up water needed to be supplied = Rate of windage lost +Rate of Evaporated water + Blow down =(283.9494+38.424+103.55) = 423.654Kg of water/hr 6.) Calculation of rate of the Re circulated water

Rate of re-circulated water = Total water sprayed in the spray chamber make up water needed to be supplied Rate of re-circulated water = (19212 423.654) kg of water/hr

= 18788.346 kg of water/hr

7) Calculation of number of power required to operate the nozzle

This is given by P = Vol. flow rate of water (

We take operating pressure as 1 atmospheric pressure Now, For vapour pressure of water we have antoines equation Vapour Pressure of water at 20 = 5487.8 pa Vol flow rate of water can be calculed Lets take the density of water at 20 be equal to 1000 kg/m3
( )

We have the mass flow rate of water = 19212 kg/hr So the Volume flow rate of water = = = 19.212 m3/hr = 0.0053 m3/sec the power requirement to operate the nozzles is = 0.0053 ( )Watt

= 776.4484 watt =

= 1.0408 HP

8) Calculation of number of nozzles required Let us assume that the nozzle spacing to be 20 inch i.e. 50.8 cm, nozzle spray angle 65 and spray overlap to be 30%. Assumption is based on reference SPRAYER NOZZLES: selection and calibration Prepared by Monte P. Johnson, Entomology, and Larry D. Swetnam, Agricultural Engineering published from U N I V E R S I T Y OF K E N T U C K Y C O L L E G E O F A G R I C U L T U R E We also assume that the nozzle arrangement is circular. no of total nozzles = 30; Lets take the spraying capacity of each nozzle to be 45 L/min Ref: http://www.bete.com/applications/humid.html Spraying rate calculation

So as this cone is of 65 so radius of this cone on 4m length will be

r = 4m ( )=2.55 m area of water each nozzle will spray =

Now 30% overlap does equivalent area each nozzle spray =0.70 = 14.29 We have spray capacity = 45 L/min = 2700 L/hr For water its capacity = 2700 = 2700 kg/hr =188.94 kg/hr.m2 no. of nozzles = 30

kg/hr

=5668 kg/hr.m2 Which satisfies our assumption of spraying rate.

Volume contribution of each Nozzle = = = = 0.444 m3 no of nozzles = 30 Vol. contribution of each nozzle = 0.444 m3

b.)

Mechanical Design

1.) Thickness of the spray chamber: The diameter of the spray chamber is assumed to be 2 m. This is owing to the fact that higher diameter puts difficulty in saddle support. This is discussed in details in the support design part Maximum working pressure =1 bar; Liquid height inside column = (Di) =2 m; Pressure because of liquid inside the column = *g*h = 1000*2.*10 = 20000 pa; Design pressure = 1+ 0.2 =1.2 bar; Consider, Joint efficiency j=0.85; corrosion allowance c=3 mm Shell material: IS: 2041-1962, 20 Mo55 (for non occurrence of corrosion) Allowable stress,f=140 MPa; We consider, <0.25; for validity So the formula to calculate the thickness simplifies to t= = 1.076 mm;

Considering corrosion factor thickness t= 1.076+3 = 4.076 mm; Standard available thickness is 5mm t0 =5 mm; D0 = Di + 2*ts;

=2 + 0.01 = 2.01 m; Standard outer diameter of spray chamber Do=2.1 m; Inner diameter of spray chamber Di=2.09 m = 5/2090 = 0.0023 < 0.25 Valid

2.) Head design: Conical head Apex angle 2 =600 Allowable stress f= 140 MPa; = 300 (half apex) Corrosion allowance c = 3 mm; Surface area of conical head (A) = 1.57*D* ((D2/4) +h2); Volume capacity v= * *(D2/4)*h; At junction of head and shell: De = Outer diameter of the cone = outer diameter of shell = 2.1 m; A factor Z is taking into account the influence of this discontinuity stresses is therefore introduced into the basic thinshell equation to determine the thickness of the cone at the junction or knuckle, z = 1.35 for =300 Thickness of shell: t= = 1.52 mm;

t+c=1.52 + 3 =4.52 mm; Standard available thickness, is5 mm; Away from the junction:

Thickness, t=

d= 0.5* =0.055 m =55 mm;

= 0.5*

Di = 2 m = 2000 mm; Dk=Di d = 1.945 m; t=1.21 mm; thead= 5 mm; Tan = l= = 1.68 m;

Cos =h/l; h= 1.46 m;

thead = 5 mm; l = 1.68 m; h=1.46 m; 3.) Support Design: Saddle support ASME SA 283 grade C f= 108 MPa; =1500; Ring stiffeners adjacent to saddle NA Distance from tangent to saddle support = A Tangent length l= 3.8m (4 m standard); Thickness of shell ts=5 mm = th=0.005 m; Inner diameter Di = 2 m; outer diameter D0= 2.1 m; D= Blank diameter = 2.1 m; B= bearing plate width = 0.5 m;

Density of shell material, shell material = 8000 kg/m3; Weight of head whead = /4*(D2*ts*head*g) =1357.045 N; Weight of shell: Wshell= *(Di+ts)*ts **g*l= 9871.66 N; Volume,V=1/3*(*D2/4*h) = Weight of liquid in head, Wliquid in head = 2*v**g =2*2.1*1000*9.8 =4.12*104 N; Weight of liquid in shell: Wliquid in shell = /4*Di2*l**g = 9.85*105 N; Wtotal = 1.037 MN; W1= wt/2 = 0.52 MN;
h
( ) ( )

= 2.1 m3;

D/2

h=

= 1.82 m; R=Di/2 = 1 m; A=R/2 = 0.5 m; At supports: M2 = -w1 *A*{1=-0.26*(1} ) = -0.133 MN;

Longitudinal bending stress at saddles

f2 =

t/r=0.005; k1=1; K2=1; f2 = 12.8+8.47 = 21.27 MN/m2; f21= +

( )

= 12.8-8.47=4.33 MN/m2;

(t)max = f*j= 91.8 MN/m2; (c)max = f2< (t) max; =

( )

= 62.5 MN/m2; Verified

f21< (t) max;

Tangential shearing stress B<A<R/2; q= ;

=1500; k3=0.485; k4=0.297; q=50.44 <fj Verified qe= fn = = 30.89 MN = 13.44 MN;

f=108 MN; 1.15f-fn=110.76; qe< 1.15f-fn =0.87; Verified

=0.0024

(t/Do < .0025) Hence, valid.

Circumferential Stress: For a shell wet stiffened by rings: f3 =

( )

k5= 0.675; B=0.5 m; f3 = 125.64 MPa< 135(1.25f) l/R = 6<8; k6= 0.007; A/R=0.5; f4 =
( )

Verified

( )

= -47.27-436.8 = -484.1

B=0.5 m>0.05 m; K9=0.260; tc = 0.005 m; f5 = =

( ( ( ) ))

=44.31 MN <72 MN (2/3 f) Verified

4.) Nozzle in shell for water outlet: tnozzle=0.016 m; A= (d+2c)*tr p= 1.209 bar j=0.85 D0=2.1 m

f= 140 MPa C= 3*10-3 m

tr =
tr =0.011052 m = 11.052 mm; Di =0.25- 2(0.16) = 0.218 A= (di+2c)*tr = (0.281+2*0.003)*0.011.52 =2.365 *10-3 m2 As = (d+2c)*(ts-tr-c) =7.947*10-3 m2

tr =

= 0.011052 m

An=A0 =2H1*(tn tr-c) H1= (d+2c)*(tn+c) = 0.054 m An=2(0.054)*(0.016-0.011052-0.003) =1.1678*10-4 m2 A+An=2.527*10-3 m2 A-(As+An) =5.4205*10-3 m2 Ar>5.4205*10-3 Ar= {2(d+2c)-(d+2c+2tr)}tp = 0.201896tp tp>0.026847 m; Therefore Standard thickness available is 0.027 m.

Specifications of nozzle: d = 0.218m = 0.054m tp= 0.027 m

tr = 0.012 m Ring pad dimensions:

= 0.25m = 0.448m
Thickness = 0.027m

Mechanical Design specifications:

Shell: IS: 2041-1962; 20 Mo55 C steel

tshell= 5 mm; Di = 2 m; D0 = 2.1 m; L= 4 m;

Conical head: IS: 2041-1962; 20 Mo55 C steel:

thead = 5 mm; H =1.82 m; D = 2.1 m;

Saddle support: C steel (ASME SA 283 grade C):
= 1500; f = 108 MPa; l =4 m: B =0.5 m; D = 2.1 m; R = 1 m; A = 0.5 m;

Specifications of nozzle for water outlet: d = 0.218m = 0.054m tp= 0.027 m

tr = 0.012 m Ring pad dimensions:

= 0.25m = 0.448m
Thickness = 0.027m

5.) Design of Tank

We will go for circular water tank made of concrete Total volume of water = V; Air velocity u= 5.3 m/s; Water sprayed per hour = 31640 kg/hr = 1318.33 kg/day = 1318.33/water =1.318 m3/day Volume of water = 2*1.318 *D2/4 *h=2.64 If D=H then H=1.5 m = D; Thickness of wall: t= (30H+50) = 95 mm Therefore, t=150 mm (as a minimum of 150mm thickness is required) H/t = 10; H/D= 1; f = 0.012; k =0.37; Maximum bending moment at base = fwH3; W= weight of water in KN/m3 =*g =9800 kg/m2s W= 9.8 KN/m3; Maximum bending moment at base =0.3969 KN Max circumferential/hoop tension T= w/2*HD(1-k) = 6.95 KN/m Position of maximum circumferential tension h=KH = 0.56 m; Circular advantages: Lesser amount of material Economical up to 2,000,000 l D= (5-8) m; H= (3-4) m; Volume of tank V= 2.64 m3 for D=5 m and H= 3 m Thickness t= (30H+50) =160 mm; H/t = 18.75; H/D = 0.6; F=0.012/0.006; k=0.37/0.28; Maximum bending moment BM max = 3.175 KN Maximum hoop tension (HT) max = 46.31 KN/m

Position of maximum circumferential stress h= KH = 1.11 m

Circular tanks with flexible joints at the base:

Walls are subjected to hydrostatic pressure Tank wall is designed as thin cylinder

At base P = WH; Hoop tension = WHD/2; W= water = 1000 kg/m3; H=depth of water = 3 m; D= diameter of the tank = 5 m; Steel area required at base for 1 m height = We provide 16 mm of bars at 7 cm centers At= 28.73 cm2; m=13; Use mix m200 concrete of allowable stress in tension = 12 kg/cm2 Tensile stress = 12=
( ) t= 2.8 cm = 28 mm; ( )

cm2 = 7.5 cm2

Here reinforcements will be provided on both faces 16 mm bars at 14 cm centers are provided on each face. Vertical reinforcement = (0.3-(0.1*(28-10)/35)); =0.25%

6.) Design of drift eliminators

Determine actual area covered by DE for calculation of average air flow and p Nominal cell size = 421*481 61*61 bay spacing 72,311 sq FRP columns 411 perimeter air seals installed on all sides

Net area for air flow:

Nominal cell area = 42*48 = 2016 ft2 Area taken by columns = 72*9(insq) per column =4.5 ft2 Area taken by perimeter air seals =180*(4-1.5)/12= 37.5 ft2 DE obstruction % = 1-(2016-4.5-37.5)/2016 =2.1

DEs selected:
Blade type (DE-120) Blade type (DE-080) Cellular (CF-150 MAX) Cellular (CF-80 MAX) Nozzle discharge to top of DEs For DEs installed directly on distribution pipes, this dimension must be sum of nozzle height, pipe OD, DE depth For DE on separate supports, total vertical gap must be between nozzle diameter and top of DE

7.) Design Ring type flange with a plain face Flange material- IS: 2004 1962 class 2, [ = 100MN/ Bolting material 5% Cr Mo steel (No corrosion), [ = 138MN/ ] Gasket material asbestos composition Determination of gasket width: =(
( )

Assuming the gasket width of 1.6mm: y=25.5 m=2.75 =1.021 Let of the gasket equal 2.11, 10mm greater than B (shell outside diameter) = 1.021 (2.11) = 2.15431m Minimum gasket width (N) = ( ) = 0.022155 m 24mm N= 24mm, is selected and becomes 2.134 Basic gasket seating width, = = 12mm Diameter at location of gasket load reaction is G= 2.134m Estimation of bolt loads: Loads due to design pressure, H = 0.457582MN Load to keep joint tight under operation, = 0.056608MN Total operating load, = .51419MN Load to seat gasket under bolting up condition, = 2.0504MN Controlling load, greater of the above loads is .024m =

+N =

Calculation of minimum bolt area: 2.0504*

Calculation of optimum bolt size: Let us take,

= 0.00707

Bolt size

Root area

Actual no. Of bolts 88

Bs

C from Bs

M 20*2

2.132*

30

75

2.101

2.174

C = 2.18m is selected. Bolt diameter = 0.02m Calculation of flange outside diameter (A) = C+ bolt diameter + .02 = 2.214m A = 2.22m is selected. Check of gasket width: = 16.1 Condition is satisfied. 2y

Flange moment computations:

(a) For operating conditions = + + = 0.44312MN = 0.014462MN = .056608MN = 0.04m = 0.037m = 0.034m = + + = 2.014566* MN

(b) For bolting-up condition (no internal pressure) =W = 3.522* MN

Controlling moment:

= = =

K= = Y = 90MN t =

= 1.0162 (from graph)

= .10458m (assuming

=1)

Actual bolt spacing ( ) = 0.0778m =( ) = 0.7528

= *t = .7528*.10458 t = .07768m

Available standard thickness is 80mm of the flange.

Specifications of the flange between the head and shell:

Thickness: 80mm
Actual bolt spacing ( ) = 0.0778m

No. of bolts = 88 Bolt size = M 20*2 Bolt dia. = 0.02m = 2.134m = 2.11m

8)TORNADO WATER FILTER

The key is the combination of an Entrance Nozzle Plate, Velocity Tube, High Velocities down the Length of the Filter Screen and Reduced Flow Velocity through the Tornado Filter Screen. The Entrance Nozzleplate increases the velocity of water entering the filter and forces it in a downward, rotational pattern. The Velocity Tube keeps the water moving at an optimal velocity down the entire length of the filter screen. The Filter Screen itself has been designed to have a maximum flow velocity through the screen of 0.50 feet per second (1.50 Gallons per square inch per minute) or less. The low velocity of the water passing through the screen allows the high cleaning velocity of the water entering the Tornado Filter to force sand and debris off the screen and into the End Cap (Catch Basin). From the End Cap, sand and debris are washed out through the flush valve while your clean water exits through the Filter Screen and into your water supply line. Proper installation and Filter setup will in a 5-8 psi differential on Surface Water conditions Specifications: Tornado Filters are constructed from 304/304L Stainless Steel Pipe meeting ASTM A778 specifications Mesh Screen Material is 316 Stainless Steel Surface Water Tornado Filters are offered with 24 or 40 mesh screens only 150 psi Pressure Rating Minimum Operating Pressure 15 PSI

9)AIR FILTER
Flow Rate (cfm) A 48,000

B 120

C 80

D 60

W 72 30

10)CentrifugalMonoblock Pumps
Centrifugal Monoblock pumps volute chamber and impellers are designed to give the best possible hydraulic efficiency and suction lift characteristics. Dynamically balanced rotor ensures vibration free and noise free operation. Shaft is made of quality steel, precision ground of ample size for transmitting the rated Horse Power. High operating efficiency has resulting in lower power consumption. Inbuilt thermal overload protector in all single phase pumps helps to prevent overload.

Specifications:

11)BLOWERS: Centrifugal Air Blower

A complete range of standard Air Blowers is available for flow rates from 25 cu. mt./hr through 10,000 cu. mt./hr in single stage and upto any capacity in parallel configuration for working pressure range upto 1kg/sq. cm.

Twin Lobes Blowers

Twin lobe roots blower is available with low RPM high pressure , high RPM low pressure and compressors . Performs very well in single stage as well as in double stage. Available in all shapes and sizes from 3 inches C.D. to 22 inches. Body length may vary from 1.5 inches to 66 inches. Available in air cooled as well as water cooled variant. The compact, sturdy design is engineered for continuous service when operated in accordance with speed and pressure rating. Flow rate : From 60m3/hr to 57,117m3/hr Up to 1kg/cm2 with single stage Up to 2kg/cm2 with double stage

Pressure : Vacuum

: Up to 0.5kg/cm2

c)Cost calculation: Weight of shell, Wshell= *(Di+ts)*ts **l = 987.166 kg Weight of head, whead = /4*(D2*ts*head) = 135.7045 kg The material cost of the shell and head are 1000$/ ton, i.e. Rs600/kg on an average.

Total capital to be invested to make a humidifier = cost/kg * total weight =Rs 6,73,722

d)Power consumption in a year: Power consumed by the motor is

Price of power is Rs 3.41/kwh as of now. Total no. of hours in 1 year = 8760 hrs Total power consumed =776.4484 watt*8760

= 6801.688 kwh
Cost of power consumption by the pump in a year = 6801.688*3.41 = Rs23,193.76

e) Back Calculation for checking the overdesign:

We have, Standard nominal diameter=2.1m So,Inner diameter of shell,D=2.1-2(0.005)=2.09m Cross sectional area,A=3.43m2 Standard Length of chamber=4m So,Volume of chamber=A*L=13.72m2 Hence,we get , Sensible heat lost by air,Q=h*V*LMTD=714462.80 BTU/hr Again,we have Specific heat of inlet air,Cv1=0.244 BTU/lbF Enthalpy of inlet air, H1=2299400BTU/hr Specific heat of outlet air, Cv2=0.24+0.45*Y2 Enthalpy of outlet air, H2=Cv2*(outlet air temp-reference temp)*mass flow rate of air =Cv2*(77-32)*m =45*Cv2*m Since, Q=H1-H2 We get, H2=H1-Q=1584937.2BTU/hr I.e. m*Cv2*45=1584937.2 m*Cv2=35220.8267BTU/hrF Now, Mass flow rate ,m=(1000/sp volume) kg/min =(1000*60)*273/((0.056Y2+0.0345)*22.4*(25+273)) =2453.859/(0.056Y2+0.0345) kg/hr =5410.759/(0.056Y2+0.0345)lb/hr Thus, m*Cv2=5410.759*(0.24+0.45Y2)/(0.056Y2+0.0345)=35220.8267BT U/hrF (0.24+0.45Y2)=6.509*(0.056Y2+.0345) Y2=(0.2413-0.24)/(0.45-0.365) =0.01529 Thus, we get outlet humidity to be around 0.01529 which is as per our desired value. Hence, we can conclude that our above design specifications are appropriate.

e) GUI using MATLAB based functions:

References:
http://www.kayblowers.com/twinlobe.htm http://www.everestblowers.com/air-blowers.htm

http://www.morrillinc.com/specs/Tornado_Specifications_R2_2012.pdf
Chemical Equipment Design, B.C.Bhattacharya Mass Transfer Operations, B.K.Dutta