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A cama is a hybrid between a male Dromedary camel and a female llama, produced via artificial insemination at the Camel Reproduction Centre in Dubai. The first cama was born on January 14, 1998. The aim was to create an animal with the size and strength of the camel, but the more cooperative temperament and the higher wool production of the llama. Breeding/Reproduction An adult camel weighs six times as much as a llama. Thus, artificial insemination is the only way to produce a live and thriving cama. Only the artificial insemination of a female llama with sperm from a male dromedary camel has been successful in producing a cama. Other combinations, such as artificial insemination of a female camel with male llama sperm, have not produced viable offspring. The cama is not sterile because, unlike other well known hybrids, the camel and the llama have the same number of chromosomes. This is not generally true for other successful livestock hybrids, such as the mule. For example, the horse has 64 chromosomes and the donkey has 62, so when they breed it produces an animal with 63 chromosomes, namely, the mule. The first cama showed signs of becoming sexually mature at four years of age, when it started to show signs of wanting to breed with the female guanaco and a female llama. At this stage, the first cama was a disappointment behaviorally, displaying an extremely poor temperament. A more recent story suggests that his behavior is generally more gentle as hoped for. The second cama, a female named Kamilah, was successfully born in 2002. Four camas have since (April 2008) been produced using artificial insemination. Characteristics The cama is smaller than a llamas calf at birth. It has the short ears and long tail of the camel, no hump and llama-like two-toed pads rather than the dromedary like pads. All six camelids have pads instead of hooves. It has a long coat like a llama and it can adapt to a desert setting like a camel and to a mountain setting like a llama. The first cama, the male named Rama, has a beige color and the second, the female named Kamilah, is black with white patches. There are not enough camas to make generalizations about their coloration or how their hair will grow. Comparison with other camelids The camelid family consists of the Old World camelids (the Dromedary and Bactrian camels), and the New World camelids, (the llama, vicuna, alpaca, and the guanaco). Even though there have been successful and fertile hybrids within each major group camelids, this is the first time the groups have been crossbred. Following is a table comparing some characteristics of camelids.
Common Name Dromedary Camel Bactrian Camel LIama Vicuna Alpaca Guanaco
Scientific Name Camelus dromedarius Camelus bactrianus Lama glama Vicugna vicugna Lama pacos Lama guanicoe
Length of Fur 3 4 in 10 in
28 44 in 28 52 in
132 -165 Ib
Cama
Habitat The cama is relatively hardy and can survive with little or no water for long periods just like a camel. The cama has proved that it is possible to breed old and new world species together. Food The cama is an herbivore and it eats shrubs, and almost any plant matter like a camel. It can drink enormous amounts of water after a long time without water. It can also go without food for short periods. Cama Conservation Status : Domesticated Scientific classification Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Class : Mammalia Order : Artiodactyla Family : Camelidae Genus : 1. Camelus 2. Lama Species : Camelus dromediarius x Lama glama Binomial name : none
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cama_(animal)
ILAMA
CAMEL
GLOSSARY
1. Reproduction English => Produce babies or young Indonesian => Reproduksi = Pengembang biakan; tiruan hasil ulang 2. Sterile English => Not able to produce children or young, Clean and free from bacteria, having no result Indonesian => Steril, mandul. Suci hama. Tandus. Hampa 3. Chromosomes English => one of the fine threads in animal and plan cells, carrying genes Indonesian => Kromosom = Bagian kromatin inti sel yang berceraian apabila sel terbelah atau membelah yang merupakan rangkaian pendukung jenis benda hidup; benda mikroskopis berbentuk tongkat yang berada dalam sel organism, mengandung gen yang banyak. 4. Breed English => keep animals for the purpose of producing young Indonesian => Keturunan, jenis, asal 5. Adapt English => make something suitable for a new use; change your behavior to deal with new situation Indonesian => Adaptasi = menyesuaikan diri; penyesuaian terhadap lingkungan; pekerjaan dan pelajaran. 6. Gentle English => not rough or violent Indonesian => lemah lembut. Sepoi sepoi. Jinak 7. Fertile English => able to produce fruit or young Indonesian => subur; yang dibuahi 8. Survive English => Continue to live or exist ( longer than somebody/something) Indonesian => menyelamatkan nyawa. Hidup lebih lama. Bertahan 9. Species English => group into which animals, plants, etc that are able to breed each other are divided Indonesian => jenis. Macam 10. Mammalia English => Any animal that gives birthto live babies, not eggs,and feeds its young on milk Indonesian => Kelompok binatang di kelas vertebrata yang betinanya menyusui anaknya.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow
CREATED BY :
DYAH ALIYAH F NUR LAILATUL M DESY PURNAMA S OKKY PUTRI M ( 103654214 ) ( 103654216 ) ( 103654045 ) ( 103654210 )
SCIENCE EDUCATION PROGRAM FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF SURABAYA 2010
ENCLOSURE
THE ANSWER OF TEXT CAMA:
1. The aim is to create an animal with the size and strength of the camel, but the more cooperative temperament and the higher wool production of the ilama. 2. 3. No, it isnt. Because camel and ilama have the same number of chromosome. It has a long coat like ilama and it can adapt to a desert setting like a camel and to a mountain like ilama. 4. . Cama is family of chordate because cama has back bone like us. 5. Cama is relatively hardy and can survive with little or no water for long periods just like a camel. The cama has proved that it is possible to breed old and new world species together. 6. The first cama was born on January 14, 1998
7. The male named Rama, has a beige color and the second, the female named Kamilah, is black with white patches. There are not enough camas to make generalizations about their coloration or how their hair will grow. 8. The cama is an herbivore and it eats shrubs, and almost any plant matter like a camel. It can drink enormous amounts of water after a long time without water. It can also go without food for short periods. 9. A cama is a hybrid between a male Dromedary camel and a female llama, produced via artificial insemination at the Camel Reproduction Centre in Dubai. 10. . Produced via artificial insemination at the camel reproduction centre in dubai
ANSWER : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. meteorological spectrum Shines multicoloured Outer 6. Spectrum 7. colour vision. 8. sequence 9. indigo 10. dew