MERCU BUANA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ECONOMICS MODUL 2 UNIT 2 LEADERSHIP Terrorizing the talent Keynotes: The role of a leader

is to inspire and motivate staff and to develop talent within an organization. The management style of leaders varies: some prefer to delegate responsibility to subordinates whereas others prefer to use their authority to control operations directly. Topics include: Articles Career skills: Getting things done Dilemma: Mission: Impossible? PAGE 16 Preview Management styles Opinions differ about what is the best way to manage and motivate employees.Which of the following statements do you agree with? Discuss your views with a partner. a. Employees cannot be trusted and must therefore be closely supervised. b. Staff should be allowed to organise their own work. c. The best motivation is money and recognition for meeting targets. Reading Fear and Management 1. Read the text about leadership on the opposite page. What motivation techniques are mentioned? 2. Read the text again. Are these statements true or false? 1 A photographer witnessed the manager kicking David Beckham. 2 The manager lost his temper because the team lost the match.

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3 Management tactics are easier to identify in business than in sport. 4 Patterson encouraged his employees to make themselves indispensable. 5 When business is good, fear is used less as a management tactic. 6 Fear may help some people to reach their targets. 7 Both company employees and artists share the same fear of failure. 3. What fears make people work hard? Can fear motivate people as successfully as rewarding them? Vocabulary Synonyms

1 Match the words from the text with similar meanings. 1 inspire 2 fire 3 fear 4 defeat 5 upset 6 subordinate a technique b terror c motivate d employee e sack f failure PAGE 17 Glossary Indispensable Emotional kick Neurotic Fragile egos cant do without it feeling of excitement in a state of anxiety very sensitive people Fear and management When to terrorist talent The football dressing room remains the refuge of old-style management techniques. The nations was in shock. David Beckham, Britains most beautiful (and skillful) footballer emerged from his house on Monday morning to allow the world to photograph a wound above his left eye. Sir Alex Ferguson, manager of his then team Manchester

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United , had lost his temper after a defeat and kicked a football boot, which hit Beckham eyebrow. In sports, more than in most business . the management tactics are out in the open for all to see. Not many managers try to stranggle their subordinates _as Bobby Knight, a former basketball coach at Indiana University, once did. But the ability to inspire has always been an essential tool of management. Lost of successful chief executive rule by terror. Non, it must be said . reaches the standrad set by John Patterson, who bulit NCR early in the 20th century. When a man gets indispensable , lets fire him he would apparently say. One NCR executive discovered he had been put an end to such fun. However, terror in the workplace is making a comeback these days. In an economic upswing , fear goes underground. Workers are scarce, and therefore pwerful; bosses must handle the talent with care. When times turn though, the balance of power swings. As Hank Paulson, chairman of Goldman Sachs, put it, in a speech that upset his staff, in almost everyone of our businesses , there are 15-20% of the people that really add 80% of the value. In other words, 80-85% are largely redundant and had better shape up fast. Motivating talent Does for really motivate? In sport says Scott Snook , who teaches organizational behaviour at harvard Business Schoool, fear can become a berrier to taking risks, yet can provide the essential emotianal kick needed to meet a challenge. Coaches need to strike the right balance (and the right player?) in order to develop ,talent. Yet used in the boardroom, fear can be disastrous. Tony Couchman, a head-hunter at Egon Zehnder in London , recalls the board of a large firm with a chief executive who so dominated his directors that they rarely quetioned or challenged him. Success in such a company depends on having a great leader and a steady market, he argues. Jim Collins , author of a book that explains why some forms suiceed in making from good to great and other fail, found that the approach to fear was a key distinction among firms that he surveyed. He found that in truly successful firms people were productively neurotic. At microsoft , for example employees worry all yuear at the prospect at their annual meetings with Bill Gates, where even being shoutd at wolud not hurt as much as seeming to be an idiot. The driving fear of failure , points out Mr. Collins , is not unique to corporate life. Im self-employee , and I live with con,stant fear, he says. But Im self-afraid, that kind of fired when he found his desk and chair in flames in the company lawn. Modern laws on constructive dismissal and employee haraament have

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fear is common among creative artist and also in professional services where the person is the product and lots fragile egos have to be managed. PAGE 18 2. Complete the sentences with the words below Manager Workers subordinates staff directors coach employee chief executive (CEO)

1. The new manager improve moralle in the department. 2. The _____ praised his team upon reaching the CupFinal. 3. Our board of _____ meets every three months to discuss strategy. 4. The factory ______ went on strike because of low pay. 5. The share price when up when the new ______ was appointed. 6. I have to do the appraisals fir the six ______ who report to me. 7. An aggressive management style led to an increase in ______ turnover. 8. Every ______ in the company gets health and safety training.

THE ART OF DELEGATIONS Getting something done is only half the job. Keeping staff happy at the same time is every bit as important. Many managers believe that getting work done through other requires a free flow of information and open, productive relationships with ______ . Rather than creating a climate of ______ , they give clear instructions and realistic deadlines and take care to give only constructive criticsm and not _____ employees. Theywork towards creating a positive working environment where ______ feel valued and trusted. Some specialists say that it essential not to criticise, at this rarely ______ and often causes stress n loss of confidence among the ______ . Managers who successfully maintain the balance of power will not lose their authority even when certain ______ members take control of projects. This style of management is particularly important during an economic upswing when employees can easily find work with another company.

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Speaking In what ways can succesful leaders win the respect of subordinates and exercise authority over them ? PAGE 19 Vocabulary 2 collocations 1 match each of the following verbs with one set of nouns Set 1 _______ Meet a chance an opputunity A position A point 2 a deadline _______ a need The cost Expectations a limit 4 a call a precedent an objective Make Take 3 a mistake a profit/loss

_______ a judgement

_______ an example

2 Use some of the collocations to complete the dialogues below. 1. a) Are you sure these figures are correct? They look a little high to me. b) Youre right. I think I ______ a ______ in the calculations.

2. a) what do you think of their proposal? b) too risky. We cant ______ a ______ on an unknown supplier.

3. a) they say they absolutely must have the final versions by Friday. b) well never be able to ______ a ______ like that !

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4. a) its the first time weve agreed to pay expenses on a project like this. b) yes, I know. I hope this wont _____ a ______ that well regret later.

5. a) Im not sure if we should sell now or wait until the market improves. b) yeah. Its difficult to know which would be the best ______ to ______ .

6. a) it looks like weve used almost all of the budget. b) right. Were going to have to ______ a tight _____ on spending from now on.

Listening 1 1 David Hargreaves is the HR manager at Radius Group. You will hear him talk about managing people. Before you listen, answer these questions. 1. Do you think there is a secret to successful leadership? 2. Do you think that life inside an organization is in any way similar to life inside a family? If so , in what way ? Now listen and answer the questions. 1. How does David motivate his staff ? 2. How does he monitor progress ? 3. Why does he arrive early at work ? 4. How does his team make decisions ? 5. What does David think the secret f leadership is ? Speaking Work in pair. Tell your partner about a very good manager or teacher you have known. What made him/her special ? PAGE 20 Language Focus Articles
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Read the extract below and underline all the nouns. Which nouns are preceded by indefinite articles a/an, the definite article the or no article at all ? Does fear really motivate? In sports, says Scott Snook, a teacher in organizational behavior at Harvard Business School, (one of the most famous business schools in the world) fear can become a barrier to taking risks, yet can provide the essential emotional kick needed to meet a challenge. Coaches need to strike the right balance in order to develop talent The indefinite article a/an refers to Non-specific singular countable nouns (Hes a good manager) Jobs and nouns of nationally (Im a sales executive)

The definite article the refers to Nouns already mentioned or specified (I gave the report to her) Nouns that are one of a kind (You can read about it on the internet) The superlative from of adjectives (its the best job Ive had)

There is usually no article with General plural and uncountable nouns (criticism doesnt help) Abstract nouns such as talent, success (we should develop our talent)

Practice complete the following article with either a definite or indefinite article or no article at all ( WE DONT NEED MANAGERS, WE MANAGE OURSELVES It seems like a recipe for anarchy: At tech Target, _____ interactive media

company in ____ USA, all 210 employees are free to come and go as they please. There are no set policies on ______ working hours or _____ sick, personal and vacations days. More productive between _____ midnight and 4 am? no problem says _____ founder and CEO Greg Strakosch. Strakosch, 40, may sound like _____ leftover from _____ feverish, try anything days of _____ new economy. But _____ financial results tell _____ different story. ______ fouryear-old companys open-leave policy, Strakosch says, is _____ biggest reason why turnover is expected to hit $35million this year, up nearly 30 per cent from last year. Its ______ competitive weapon, he says. That doesnt surprised Shoshana Zuboff, ______

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professor of ____ business administration at _____ Harvard. In _____ age of intellectual assets, she says its absurd to treat workers with ____ industrial-age mindset. We should be beyond demanding just _____ loyalty from workers and we should trust them to be honest about managing their time, Zuboff says. STRUCTURE REFERENCE UNIT D: ARTICLES D-1 BASIC ARTICLE USAGE
I. USING A or : GENERIC NOUNS (a) A banana is yellow. * A speaker uses generic nouns to make generalizations. A generic noun represents a whole class of things; it is not a specific, real, concrete thing but rather a symbol of a whole group. PLURAL COUNT NOUN (b) Bananas are yellow In (a) and (b): the speaker is talking about any banana, all bananas, bananas in general. In (c), the speaker is talking about any and all fruit, fruit in general. NONCOUNT NOUN SINGULAR COUNT NOUN (c) Fruit is good for you Notice that no article () is used to make generalization with plural count nouns and

SINGULAR COUNT NOUN

noncount nouns, as in (b) and (c). II. USING A or SOME: INDENFINITENOUNS (d) I ate a banana. Indefinite nouns are actual actual things(not symbol), identified. In (d): the speaker is not referring to the banana or that banana or That banana you gave me. The speaker is simply saying that but they are not specifically

PLURAL COUNT NOUN

(e) I ate some banana.

s/he ate one banana. The listener does not know not need to know which specific banana was eaten; it was simply one banana out of that whole group of things in this world called bananas. In (e) and (f): Some is often used with indefinite plural count nouns. In addition to some, a speaker might used two, a few, several, a lot of, etc., with noncount nouns.

NONCOUNT NOUN

(f) I ate some fruit.

SINGULAR COUNT NOUN

(See Chart 5-8) III. USING THE: DEFINITE NOUNS (g) Thank you for the banana. A noun is definite when both the speaker and the listener are thinking about the same specific thing.
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PLURAL COUNT NOUN NONCOUNT NOUN

(h) Thank you for the bananas.

In (g): The speaker uses the because the listener knows which specific banana the speaker is talking about,i.e.,that particular

(i) Thank you for the fruit.

banana which the listener gave to speaker. Notice that the is used with both singular and plural count nouns and with noncount nouns.

* Usually a/an is used with a singular generic count noun. Examples: A window is made of glass. A doctor heals sick people. Parents must give a child love. A box has six sides. An apple can be red, green, or yellow. The is sometimes used with a singular generic count noun(not plural generic count noun, not a generic noncount noun). Generic the is commonly used with, in particular: (1) Species of animals: The Whale is the largest mammals on earth. The elephant is the largest land mammal. (2) Inventions: Who invented the telephone? The wheel? The refrigerator? The computer will play an increasingly large role in all of our lives. (3) Musical instruments: Id like learn to play the piano. D-2 GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE
(a) The sun is bright today. Please hand this book to the teacher Please open the door. Jack in the kitchen. (b) Yesterday I saw some dogs. The dogs were chasing a cat . The cat was chasing a mouse. The mouse ran into a hole. A hole was very small. GUIDELINE: Use the when you know or assume that your listener is familiar with and thinking about the same specific thing or person you are talking about. GUIDLINE: Use the for the second mention of an indefinite noun *; in (b): First mention = some dogs, a cat, a mouse Second mention = The dogs, the cat, (c) INCORRECT: The apples are my favorite fruit CORRECT: Apples are my favorite fruit. (d) INCORRECT: The gold is a metal. CORRECT: Gold is metal. (e) INCORRECT: I drove car CORRECT: I drove a car I drove the car the hole GUIDLINE: Do not use the with a plural count noun (e.g, apples) or a noncount noun (e.g, gold) when you are making a generalization. GUIDLINE: Do not use a singular count noun (e.g., car) without: (1) an article (a/an or the); OR

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I drove that car I drove his car

(2) this/that; OR (3) a possessive pronoun.

* The is not used for the second mention of a generic noun. COMPARE: (1) What color is a banana (generic noun)? A banana (generic noun) is yellow. (2) Tom offered me a banana (indefinite noun) or an apple. I chose the banana (definite noun) EXERCISE 20: In the following dialogues, try to decide whether the speakers would probably use a/an or the.

1. A: I have____an___ idea. Lets go on ____a____ picnic Saturday.

B: Okay.

2. A: Did you have fun at _____the___ picnic yesterday?

B: Sure did. And you? 3. A: Youd better have __________ good reason for being late! B: I do. 4. A: Did you think__________ reason Jack gave for being late was believable? B: Not really. 5. A: Wheres my blue shirt? B: Its in___________ washing machine. Youll have to wear_______ different shirt. 6. A: I wish we had__________ washing machine. B: So do I. It would make it a lot easier to do laundry. 7. A: What happened to your bicycle? ____________ front wheel is bent. B: I ran into__________ parked car when I swerved to avoid________ big pothole in the street. A: Did you damage ____________ car? B: A little. A: What did you do? B: I left_________ note for ___________ owner of __________ car. A: What did you write on _________ note? B: My name and address. I also wrote ________apology. 8. A: Can you repair my car for me? B: Whats wrong with it? A: __________ radiator has__________ leak, and one of___________ windshield wipers doesnt work.
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B: Can you show me where __________ leak is? 9. A: Have you seen my boots? B: Theyre in_________ closet in _________ front hallway.

EXERCISE 21: Complete the sentences with a/an or

1. ______ beef is kind of ________ meat. 2. __The___ beef we had for dinner last night was excellent. 3. Jack is wearing ______a______ straw hat today.
4. Jack likes to wear __________ hats.

5. __________ hat is _____________ article of clothing.

6. __________ hats are _____________ articles of clothing. 7. __________ brown hat on that book over there belongs to Mark. 8. Everyone has___________ problem in__________ life. 9. My grandfather had___________ long life. 10. 11. 12. 13. the 14. 15. 16. That book is about___________ life of Helen Keller. Tommy wants to be___________ engineer when he grows up. The Brooklyn Bridge was designed by___________ engineer. John Roebling is __________ name of ___________ engineer who designed Brooklyn Bride. He died in 1869 from_________ infection. He died

before________ bride was completed. ___________ people wear ___________ jewelry to make themselves more ___________ Jewelry Diana is wearing today is beautiful. Mary is wearing_________ beautiful ring today. It is make of_______ gold and attractive.

__________ rubies. __________ gold in her ring was mined in Canada. __________ rubies came from Burma. 17. One of the first things you need to do when you move to__________ new city is to find________ place to live. Most_________ newspapers carry __________ advertisements (called want ads) for___________ furnished apartment, __________ apartment will probably contain ________ stove and ___________ refrigerator. It will also probably have ___________ furniture such as __________ beds, _________ tables, ___________ chairs, and maybe__________ sofa.

18.

My wife and I have recently moved to this city. Since were going to be here

for only ________ short time, were renting ____________ furnished apartment. We decided that we didnt want to bring our own furniture with us. __________ apartment
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is in ___________ good location, but thats about the only good thing I can say about it. Only one burner on ___________ stove works. __________ refrigerator is noisy, and__________ refrigerator door wont stay closed unless we tape it shut. ____________ bed sags in the middle and creaks. All of the rest of __________ furniture is old and decrepit too. Nevertheless were still enjoying living in this city. We may have to look for_______ another apartment, however. GOOD LUCK

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