Maximize DB Performance Top10 Tips Final

Maximize Oracle Database Performance with Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c:
Top 10 Tips & Tricks
Scott McNeil Principal Product Director, Oracle

Deba Chatterjee Principal Product Manager, Oracle
Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 13
Top 10 Common Problems:

1. Performance was fine yesterday, today my application is really slow? 2. My database has hung? I do not want to bounce it. 3. I enabled parallel query, yet this query is taking to long. Why? 4. My simple query takes so long. Whats wrong with the database?
5. Detecting runaway queries with metric extensions?

6. What happened last night, the batch job took twice the time to finish? 7. The SQL Response Metric crossed the warning threshold. What is wrong?
8. We just went live after a DB change and now performance has regressed, what happened?
9. We are going through a schema consolidation, how can I ensure one session will not run away with all my system resources? 10. The new BI system has very aggressive SLAs defined. How can we ensure consistent performance across the system?
3 Types of Performance Management

Reactive Performance Management Proactive Performance Management Preventive Performance Management
Reactive Performance Management

Comparing Performance Across Two Time Periods Database Hang Analysis
SQL Performance Analysis I
SQL Performance Analysis -II
Comparing Performance Across Two Periods

Performance was fine yesterday, today my application is really slow?
Inconsistent Performance
Over utilization of system resources High load ad hoc query consuming resources Change in execution plan of query Parallel execution downgrade
Tip: Compare Period ADDM

SQL Commonality
AWR Snapshot Period 1
Regressed SQL
I/O Bound
AWR Snapshot Period 2
Compare Period ADDM
Analysis Report
Undersized SGA
Full ADDM analysis across two AWR snapshot periods Detects causes, measure effects, then correlates them
Causes: workload changes, configuration changes Effects: regressed SQL, reach resource limits (CPU, I/O, memory, interconnect)
Makes actionable recommendations along with quantified impact

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Compare Period ADDM: Method

Identify what changed Configuration changes, workload changes
Quantify performance differences Uses DB Time as basis for measuring performance Identify root cause Correlate performance differences with changes
30% smaller Buffer cache
10% new SQL
Top SQL increased 45%

Read I/O up 55%
Buffer cache reduction caused read I/O increase

Comparing Performance Across Two Time Periods
Database Hang Analysis
Compare Period ADDM
SQL Performance Analysis I

SQL Performance Analysis II
Database Hang Analysis

My database is hung? I do not want to bounce it.
Database Hung state
Blocking Sessions Memory allocation issues Library cache issues Unresponsive Storage (ASM) Interconnect problems
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Tip: Real-Time ADDM

EM Agent
Deadlocks
Diagnostic Connection
Unresponsive DB
JDBC Connection
Hangs
Latches
Real-Time Analysis
Database
ADDM Analysis
Uses a pre-established diagnostic connection for unresponsive systems Initiates a standard JDBC connection for real-time analysis Diagnostic connection collects data without holding latches or running SQL First intelligent advisor to diagnose problems in real-time as they occur, no matter how sick the system is
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Real-Time ADDM

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Real-time analysis of hung or slow database systems Holistically identify global resource contentions and deadlocks Quantified performance impact Precise, actionable recommendations Provide cluster-wide analysis for RAC

Database Hang Analysis SQL Performance Analysis I SQL Performance Analysis II
Compare Period ADDM
Real-Time ADDM
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SQL Performance Analysis

I enabled parallel query, yet this query is taking
so long. Can you take a look?

Parallel Downgrades
Uncontrolled parallel execution Parallel Server availability Object level settings Session level settings
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Tip: Real-Time SQL Monitoring

Insert Executed with Parallel Hint
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Real-Time SQL Monitoring

Parallel Tab
Parallel Coordinator busy for the entire duration!!

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Enabled Parallel DML
Parallel Slaves busy for the entire duration!!!

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SQL Performance Analysis

My simple query takes so long. Whats wrong
with the database?

SQL Performance Problems
Statistics
Resources Application issues
Parallelism
Initialization parameters
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Tip: Real-Time SQL Monitoring

SQL with Count and Group By
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SQL with Count and Group By
20

PGA Size Increased
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Database Hang Analysis SQL Performance Analysis I SQL Performance Analysis II
Compare Period ADDM
Real-Time ADDM
SQL Monitoring
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Proactive Performance Management

Dealing with run away queries
Understanding Workload Profile I
Understanding Workload Profile II
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Runaway Query
SQL that consumes too much CPU or executes too long
BUGS: Need to find during Development and Testing contexts
Real-time SQL Monitoring introduced in DB 11g

Monitors long-running and parallel query (PQ) SQL executions
Rich interactive user interface and Active Report
GV$SQL_MONITOR
Not really intended for user-written queries
25
What are Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c Metric Extensions?

User extensions to EM target monitoring metrics
Replacement for EM 10/11 User Defined Metrics (UDM)
First-class EM Metrics: Metric Group of Metric Columns

Multiple measure columns with alert threshold capability Key column support, including key-specific thresholds
Supports SQL, OS, and JMX fetchlets

Whatever the target type already uses
Lifecycle support: Develop, Test, Deploy
26
Design Metric Extension

GV$SQL_MONITOR
query
SQL_ID: key column TotalCPUSecs TotalElapsedSecs Execute every 15-minutes
(to not miss anything)

Set alert thresholds on
CPU and Elapsed times
27
Find Metric Extensions
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Manage Metric Extensions
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Create Metric Extension

Guided wizard makes it
easy
Well organized Excellent
explanations
Develop and test on
any database before deploying to production
30
Monitoring
Email notification with
custom subject line

Informative email with
context-sensitive hyperlinks into EM

Your metric is a first-
class EM metric
31

Run away queries
Metric Extensions
Understanding Workload Profile I
Understanding Workload Profile II
32
Understanding Workload Profile

What happened last night, the batch job took
twice the time to finish ?

We can look at AWR and ASH Data
Averaged out over the snapshot window On-disk ASH Data Sampled every 10 seconds Very difficult to detect such issues in the past
33
Database Response Time AnalysisAWR

AWR top 5 section shows the Wait Class which contributes most to DB wait time
Foreground Wait Class section in AWR to see distribution of DB waits over Waits classes
Objects involved in TX row lock contention can be identified in Segment Statistics section of AWR
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From AWR to ASH

ASH report for the period of increase of Application waits will show the same waits as AWR
Can I get the Application Module which suffered from this type of contention ?
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Extracting More Data From ASH

Identify SQL statements and sessions impacted by waits on
Application Wait Class
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Extracting More Data From ASH

Get a list of blocking sessions and DB objects !
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Reactive Tracing of Long Running Programs
Database Operations
Correlate AWR & ASH
Understanding Workload Profile - I
Understanding Workload Profile - II
38
Understanding Workload Profile

The SQL Response Metric crossed the warning
threshold. What is wrong?

Several factors can impact SQL Response time
Increased or unusual load on system Hardware issues Runaway queries consuming system resources Changes in execution plans Missing or stale object statistics
Need a mechanism to quickly analyze in-memory
performance data
39
Tip: Understanding Workload Profile
Graphical ASH report for advanced analysis
Different visualizations: Stacked chart or Tree Map Provides visual filtering for recursive drill-downs Collaborate with others using Active Select any time period for analysis Reports Analyze performance across many dimensions
40

Reactive Tracing of Long Running Programs
Database Operations
Correlate AWR & ASH
Understanding Workload Profile - I
Understanding Workload Profile - II
ASH Analytics
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Preventive Performance Management

Prevent Regression After Upgrade
Ensure Optimal Resource Allocation

Prevent Performance Issues Due to Application Changes
43
Case Study
DATABASE MANAGEMENT
187 Million Members $252 Million in Revenue 800 Oracle Databases 1,400 Applications
FOCUS ON Preventive Performance Management
Challenge:
LinkedIns ERP systems were being upgraded from DB 10g to DB11g Presence of a large amount of custom code Limited time frame to complete the upgrade. Management concern about System performance Initial testing showed no major problems/concerns A week before go-live several potential showstopper performance issues were noticed. Re-writing or tuning several pieces of code was not feasible in a short window of time. Decision to use either SQL Profiles or Baselines to regress to the DB10g plan in the interim
Using Oracle Enterprise Manager:

Used EM to regress back to the old plan to run a job that calls the slow performing SQL Used SQL Tuning Advisor to drilling down in to the session and identify the SQL ID You can compare the explain plan and see the new explain plan in the same window Click through guided wizard to implement the SQL profile DONE!!!
SQL Tuning Advisor

Gather Missing or Stale Statistics Create a SQL Profile
SQL Profiling Statistics Analysis Access Path Analysis SQL Restructure Analysis
Add Missing Access Structures Modify SQL Constructs Adopt Alternative Execution Plan (11.2) Create Parallel SQL Profile (11.2)
Alternative Plan Analysis

Parallel Query Analysis
SQL Tuning Advisor
Administrator
Automatic Tuning Optimizer
Comprehensive SQL Tuning Recommendations
Analyzes statistics for accuracy Recommends SQL Profiles for transparent application tuning Suggest access structures and alternate SQL to speed up query execution Identifies alternative execution plans using real-time and historical performance data to recover from plan regression Recommends appropriate degree of parallelism for best performance
45 Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 13

Prevent Regression After Upgrade Ensure Optimal Resource Allocation Prevent Performance Issues Due to Application Changes
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SQL Tuning Advisor
Ensure Optimal Resource Allocation

We are going through a schema consolidation,
how can I ensure one schema / user will not run away with all my system resources?
Database resource manager directives prevent
a single user session to run away with all resources Create a resource allocation strategy Allocate appropriate CPU and I/O (Exadata) across consumer groups
47
Allocating Resources in the Database

No Resource Allocation
Gives maximum flexibility for each Consumer Group Allows any Consumer Group to consume all available resource Risky as one Consumer Group can run away with all resources.
Specify a minimum allocation

Specify a minimum and maximum
48
Ensures all Consumer Group get a specific share of the resources Allows any Consumer Group to consume any unused resources Kicks in at 100% resource utilization. Assumes that not all Consumer Group will use its allocated resources
Ensures all Consumer Group get a specific share of the resources Prevents a Consumer Group from taking more than the maximum value assigned. May result in unused capacity
Tip: Setting up Resource Manager in Oracle Enterprise Manager
Extremely simple to manage resource plans using Enterprise Manager UI

49

50
SQL Tuning Advisor

DB Resource Manager
Prevent Performance Issues Due to Application Changes

The new BI system has very aggressive SLAs
defined. How can we ensure consistent performance across the system?

Code migration, new indices, objects can often
impact performance of the application How do we validate the performance of critical queries before rolling out these changes ?
51
Validate
Impact of Custom Code Migration

Central SPA System
Trial 1
Production
State 1
01001011001010100100100100100100100100100100100010010101001001001 00111001001001001001001000010010000010111001001010100100100101010 1001000100000101010010010101010011010100101010010010101001100101
Custom Code Changes
Trial 2
State 2

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Use SPA Guided Workflow (recommended) or PL/SQL APIs Create a SQL tuning set of the top X (20 or 30) queries Establish first trial remotely using current state baseline Make change Create the indexes or migrate custom code Establish second trial remotely using the same SQL Tuning Set Review SPA report and rollout or rollback changes.
Tip: Take the Guess Work Out!

Run your trial before and after migrating the change Make sure your most important queries are not regressed Take the guess work out
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SQL Tuning Advisor

DB Resource Manager
SQL Performance Analyzer
FINAL Tip: Use Oracle Database Management Technologies So You Can

Manage: MORE databases MORE applications: OLTP, DW, OCS, iAS, SaaS, DBaaS MORE users, larger databases MORE mission-critical applications Become: MORE proactive and strategic MORE important and valuable Get: MORE sleep at night! MORE weekends off!
55 Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 13
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Maximize DB Performance Top10 Tips Final

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Maximize Oracle Database Performance with Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c:

Top 10 Tips & Tricks

Scott McNeil Principal Product Director, Oracle

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 13

Top 10 Common Problems:

5. Detecting runaway queries with metric extensions?

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 13

3 Types of Performance Management

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Reactive Performance Management

SQL Performance Analysis I

SQL Performance Analysis -II

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Comparing Performance Across Two Periods

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Tip: Compare Period ADDM

AWR Snapshot Period 1

AWR Snapshot Period 2

Compare Period ADDM

Makes actionable recommendations along with quantified impact

Compare Period ADDM: Method

10% new SQL

Top SQL increased 45%

Buffer cache reduction caused read I/O increase

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Reactive Performance Management

SQL Performance Analysis I

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Database Hang Analysis

Tip: Real-Time ADDM

Reactive Performance Management

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

SQL Performance Analysis

so long. Can you take a look?

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Tip: Real-Time SQL Monitoring

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Real-Time SQL Monitoring

Parallel Coordinator busy for the entire duration!!

Real-Time SQL Monitoring

Parallel Slaves busy for the entire duration!!!

SQL Performance Analysis

with the database?

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Tip: Real-Time SQL Monitoring

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Real-Time SQL Monitoring

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Real-Time SQL Monitoring

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Reactive Performance Management

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Proactive Performance Management

Understanding Workload Profile I

Understanding Workload Profile II

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Real-time SQL Monitoring introduced in DB 11g

Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

What are Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c Metric Extensions?