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BioreactorBioprocessing

DeterminationofK
L
a

TounderstandthemethodtodetermineK
L
avalue(non-fermentativemethod)

The determination of K
L
a of a fermenter is essential in order to establish its aeration
efficiencyandtoquantifytheeffectsofoperatingvariablesontheprovisionofoxygen.To
monitortheincreaseindissolvedoxygenoveranadequaterange,itisnecessarytofirst
decreasetheoxygenleveltoalowvalue.Twomethodscanbeemployedtoachievethis
loweringofthedissolvedoxygenconcentration;non-fermentativeandfermentative.
Non-fermentativemethod(Dynamicgassing-out)
Inthistechnique,theO
2
concentration of the solution is lowered by gassing the liquid out
withthenitrogengas,sothatthesolutionisscrubbedfreeofO
2.
Aerationistheninitiated
ataconstantairflowrateandtheincreaseindissolvedO2 tension(DOT)ismonitoredusing
dissolvedO
2
electrode.
During batch fermentation, K
L
a can be determined using non-fermentative method. To
determine the K
L
a,shutoffairsupplyvalveandsettheagitationspeedat50.Followthe
decreaseinDOwithtimeandwhentheDOdropabout20%saturation,openthevalvefor
airsupplyandincreaseagitationspeedtothesetlevel(100,300,600rpm).Fromthedata
ofC
L
againsttime
,
K
L
acanbecalculatedaccordingtothemethodasdescribedbelow.
Plotofln(C*-C
L
)versus t willproduceastraightlinewheretheslopeisequaltoK
L
a.The
rateofoxygentransferfromthebubbleairtotheliquidphasemaybedescribedbythe
rateofoxygentransferfromthebubbleairtotheliquidphasemaybedescribedbythe
equation:
dC
L
/dt=K
L
a(C*-C
L
)
whereC
L
istheconcentrationofdissolvedO
2
inthefermentationbroth,inmmolesdm
-3
; t
istimeinhours;dC
L
/dtischangeinO
2
concentrationoveratimeperiod,i.e.theO
2
transfer
rate,inmmolesO
2
dm
-3
h
-1
; K
L
isthemasstransfercoefficient(cmh
-1
); a is the gas/liquid
interface area per liquid volume (cm
2
cm
-3
); K
L
a is the volumetric transfer coefficient, in
reciprocaltime,h
-1
;C*isthesaturateddissolvedO
2
concentration,inmmolesdm
-3
.

Bioreactor,distilledwater,stopwatch,oxygen,andnitrogengas.
1

BioreactorBioprocessing

Agitationspeed:100rpm
Time (min) DO (%) C*- C
L
ln(C*-C
L
)
1 18.8 81.2 4.40
2 30.7 69.3 4.24
3 45.3 54.7 4.00
4 57.2 42.8 3.76
5 68.4 31.6 3.45
6 74.7 25.3 3.23
7 79.2 20.8 3.03
8 80.5 19.5 2.97
9 84.6 15.4 2.73
10 88.7 11.3 2.42
11 91.6 8.4 2.13
12 94.7 5.3 1.67
13 95.8 4.2 1.44
14 96.3 3.7 1.31
15 96.3 3.7 1.31
ln(C*-C
L
)againstTime(min)[100rpm]
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ln(C*-C
L
)againstTime(min)[100rpm]
y=-0.2366x+4.6989
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Time(min)
l
n
(
C
*
-
C

)
y=mx+c
y=-0.2366x+4.6989
m =-0.2366
K
L
a=0.2366X60= !


2

BioreactorBioprocessing
Agitationspeed:300rpm
Time (min) DO (%) C*- C
L
ln(C*-C
L
)
1 48.2 51.8 3.95
2 80.5 19.5 2.97
3 91.8 8.2 2.10
4 93.5 6.5 1.87
5 95.9 4.1 1.41
6 96.0 4.0 1.39
7 96.2 3.8 1.34
8 96.2 3.8 1.34
ln(C*-C
L
)againstTime(min)[300rpm]
3.5
4.0
4.5
y=-0.3454x+3.6004
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time(min)







L

y=mx+c
y=-0.3454x+3.6004
m =-0.3454
K
L
a=0.3454X60= " # " !


3

BioreactorBioprocessing
Agitationspeed:600rpm
Time (min) DO (%) C*- C
L
ln(C*-C
L
)
1 66.8 33.2 3.50
2 90.4 9.6 2.26
3 93.8 6.2 1.82
4 95.1 4.9 1.59
5 95.7 4.3 1.46
6 95.7 4.3 1.46
ln(C*-C
L
)againstTime(min)[600rpm]
3.5
4.0
y=-0.3666x+3.298
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
1 2 3 4 5 6
Time(min)
l
n
(
C
*
-
C

)
y=mx+c
y=-0.3666x+3.298
m =-0.3666
K
L
a=0.3666X60= " !


4
Determination of KLa
The determination of KLa of a fermenter is essential in order to establish its aeration efficiency and to quantify the
effects of operating variables on the provision of oxygen
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Category: Research > Science
Rating:
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Upload Date: 06/06/2009
Copyright: Traditional Copyright: All rights reserved
Tags:
Biology
Biotechnology
fermentation
mass transfer
bioprocessing
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reply08 / 22 / 2012
John Siame
Determination of Mass Transfer Coefficient
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Determination of KLa

DeterminationofKLa

TounderstandthemethodtodetermineK

The determination of KLa of a fermenter is essential in order to establish its aeration
efficiencyandtoquantifytheeffectsofoperatingvariablesontheprovisionofoxygen.To
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