17

Passage Outlining/Observation:

fos= figure of speech

Jesus teaches His disciples eight blessings and rewards (Matthew 5:1-12)
Vs. 1-2: Jesus sits down to teach as disciples gather Vs. 3-10: Eight beatitudes and corresponding rewards Vs. 11-12: Reward promised to those who endure persecution for Jesus

18

Inductive study charting Observation: 1. Key words= opened His mouth, taught, blessed, poor in spirit, kingdom of heaven, mourn, comforted, meek, inherit the earth, righteousness, filled, merciful, mercy, pure in heart, see God, peacemakers, sons of God, persecuted, revile, rejoice, great, reward in heaven 2. Geographical context= Hes on a mountains or hill where He could look out to the masses of people, He was traveling around Galilee, Decapolis, Jerusalem, Judea, and beyond the Jordan 3. Cultural context= He first saw the people then He sat down the His disciples sat and then He taught it must have been quite if He spoke so that they could hear Him, He also didnt mind that they had not prepared an extravagant place for but that it was simple 4. Main verbs/actions= seeing, went up, seated, came to Him, opened, taught, mourn, inherit, obtain, see, called, persecuted, revile , persecute, say , rejoice, exceedingly glad, persecuted 5. Main characters=Jesus, crowd, disciples 6. Contrasts = the beatitudes are the opposite of our very being and we naturally find these thing such as being meek, poor in spirit and pure in heart to be difficult. Also in verse 12 how Jesus states that we will be blessed and ours is the kingdom but we will be persecuted for following Him and doing what He asks of us. 7. Dialog = Jesus is talking to the multitudes and to the believers who are to come. 8. Purpose statement = verses 3-12 are important because they tell you the foundations and some insight to what will happen 9. Genealogy = Abraham-Isaac-Jacob-Judah and his brothers-(Perez and Zerah by Tamar)Perez-Hezron-Ram-Amminadab-Nahshon-Salmon-Boaz(by Rahab)-Obed(by Ruth)Jesse-David the king-Solomon(by Uriahs wife)-Rehoboam-Abijah-Asa-JehoshaphatJoram-Uzziah-Jothan-Ahaz-Hezekiah-Manasseh-Amon-Josiah-Jeconiah-ShealtielZerubbabel-Abiud-Eliakim-Azor-Zadok-Achim-Eliud-Eleazar-Matthan-Jacob-Joseph the husband of Mary. Abraham to David was fourteen years, and from David till Babylon took the people captive was another fourteen years, then from the captivity of Babylon till Jesus was born was fourteen years again. 10. Purpose Statements =vs.2 He opened His mouth and taught them, He taught them the foundations of His kingdom and told them to seek it out and not to be discouraged about their coming persecution. 11. Emotion terms = mourn, comforted, hunger and thirst, merciful, pure in heart, peacemaker, revile, say all kinds of evil against you falsely, rejoice, exceedingly glad 12. Tone of passage = relaxed (Hes sitting on a hill) but serious (He chose to address these eight blessings specifically, and after He addressed that believers are the salt and light of the earth, and how they should not loose flavor or hide because they are the example and

19

need to stand and be a guide for truth, and before it is when He healed everybody and did not turn anyone away) 13. Role and relation between characters = Jesus is teaching them to be more like Him, and the crowd is sitting soaking it in 14. Chapter in context of the chapter = It sets the tone of the chapter; the other verses only support and confirm what vs. 3-10 are saying. Interrogation: 1. Author of the book= Matthew 2. Who is the intended audience= the followers of Jesus, any person who wants to seek God, they were the believers who have done works without their heart in it. The people who would only do what the law said and did not go beyond it. The believers who did the rituals but had lost their love. 3. Background of the author= Matthew was a tax collector before he came to follow Jesus, his faith was in Jesus and he had power to heal the sick and cast out demons 4. When did the author write the book= around 27-36 A.D. I would assume 5. What is the purpose of writing the book= To share the genealogy of Christ, to bear witness and to teach and share the life of Jesus so that we may all know Him and willing choose to follow Him with a heart that is fully in love. 6. What are the circumstances in which the book was written= the circumstances in which this book was written is unknown we do not hear of him after Pentecost nor do we know where it was written. 7. The spiritual climate in this book= I would venture to say that all of it is important but mainly the cross and how Jesus die for our sins, so that one day we would be like Him. 8. Authors relationship with biblical audience=his relationship would engaged but informative 9. What was the nature of the authors ministry, spiritual gifts, and personality= the nature of his ministry was walking with Jesus, so one would guess that he continued to disciple even after Pentecost because their goal was and still is to reach every nation and language. His spiritual gifts consisted of healing the sick, casting out daemons, and praying in tongues. From what I gathered his personality might be a go getter because he was a tax collector so he wasnt afraid to not be liked and to speak up, also it shows how he was willing to get up and leave his work to follow Jesus. Another thing is he had dinner at his house so I would assume he liked to be social but I also read in a book that because he opened up his home he could have been very well off compared to your normal tax collector. So he was willing to give up comfort for the love of God. 10. Historical and grammatical context= when he was a tax collector he was really hated because he was Jewish, and it was a sin to touch or use a tax collectors money, they were not allowed to tithe in the temple and he could have been hated because the Jews in that

20

time period would have felt like he turned his back on them to earn money, so when Jews paid him they often did not ask for change back. 11. Key words for further study= opened His mouth, taught, after He was seated His disciples came to Him. Interpretation: 1. What is the primary message of Scriptural text=I would venture to say that all of it is important but to actually pray and seek out what it mean to be meek, peacemakers and hunger and thirst for righteousness because it looks different in every bodys life. It might not be the same for all of us, so I would the primary part it to try and be like Jesus in who you are and try to seek Him through finding out how to have grace in different areas. 2. Who is the original intended biblical audience= the original biblical audience would be the Jews and the other believers of Jesus. The reason I say this is because it could have been interpreted for a non-believer but the followers of Christ still had the Old Testament view in their lives and I think needed to see how to follow God in a new light that would make sense to them. 3. The timeless biblical truths that still have meaning now= this passage carries some of the hardest commandments and challenges; it goes against everything that we are in nature. It tells us to go the extra mile and forgive and when we dont want to help someonethats probably when we should help them the most. Yes, we can never be fully perfect but I believe that the heart posture and your actions are in a great affect and if you earnestly desire to change and become more like Jesus He will never stop giving you the opportunity. Application: 1. What is the intended Holy Spirit application for the main message of the passage for the biblical audience now? -The intended application is for us to stay humble before God and to know that we still have a lot of struggles but that we are willing to fight and run hard after God. That no matter what happens to us we should still maintain these heart postures because they are the foundations of His kingdom and without them we would be worse off in our sinful ways instead of striving for something that is righteous and that Jesus desires for us. It is not that He wants us to try to do the Sermon on the Mount alone I think the point is that we cannot do this without Him. We literally have to lean on Him and use His strength to even come close to getting the hang of being poor in spirit, mourning, meek, hungry and thirsty for righteousness, merciful, pure in heart, peacemakers and persecuted. In the end we will be able to say not by my strength but Gods and Gods alone have I made it through my trials and tribulations.

21

TAUGHT: #1321 edidasken, from didasko

Then He opened His mouth and taught them, saying: Matthew 5:2 NKJV

22 I. VERSES WHERE EDIDASKEN WAS USED IN THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT: When He had come to His own country, He taught them in their synagogue, so that they were astonished and said, Where did this Man get this wisdom and these mighty works? Matt. 13:54 (NKJV) Then they went into Capernaum, and immediately on the Sabbath He entered the synagogue and taught. Mark 1:21 (NJKV) Then He went out again by the sea; and all the multitude came to Him, and He taught them. Mark 2:13 For He taught His disciples and said to them, The Son of Man is being betrayed into the hands of men, and they will kill Him. And after He is killed, He will rise the third day. Mark 9:31 (NKJV) He arose from there and came to the region of Judea by the other side of the Jordan. And multitudes gathered to Him again, and as He was accustomed, He taught them again. Mark 10:1 (NKJV) Then He taught, saying to them, Is it not written, My house shall be called a house of prayer for all nations? But you have made it a den of thieves. Mark 11:17 (NKJV) Then He got into one of the boats, which was Simons, and asked him to put out a little from the land. And He sat down and taught the multitudes from the boat. Luke 5:3 (NKJV) Now early in the morning He came again into the temple, and all the people came to Him; and He sat down and taught them. John 8:2 (NKJV) II. SURVEY OF THE MEANING OF THE WORD BY INDUCTIVE METHOD A. There are 10 occurrences of the word edidasken in the new testament scripture, all of which are found in the four gospels, most frequently (6 times) in the book of Mark. This word is translated taught in English every time in the KJV Bible

23 B. There are 97 occurrences of the word didasko (the root word) and its derivatives throughout the New Testament. Most are found in the narratives (the gospels and acts) although it occurs occasionally in the epistles and in Revelation as well. C. These words are always translated to the English word teach and its respective conjugations. D. The word is used most often for the teaching of Jesus or the apostles in a positive sense, although it can also refer to false teaching (Titus 1:11, Revelation 2:20). On one occasion Jesus taught the merchants in the temple using a rhetorical question and an accusation (Mark 11:17). The teaching may be to a large group (multitude), small group (disciples), or even one on one. III. INITIAL FINDINGS ON THE MEANING OF THE WORD Considering the absence of varying translations of the word, despite frequent occurrence, it is safe to say that the word didasko is almost identical to our English word teach or instruct. Scriptural usage demonstrates that it may be done through monologue, dialogue, writing, actions, or any variety of methods to impart knowledge or insight to another person or people. IV. FURTHER RESEARCH WITH LEXICON AND WORD STUDIES REFERENCES G1321 Thayer Definition: 1) to teach 1a) to hold discourse with others in order to instruct them, deliver didactic discourses 1b) to be a teacher 1c) to discharge the office of a teacher, conduct ones self as a teacher 2) to teach one 2a) to impart instruction 2b) instill doctrine into one 2c) the thing taught or enjoined 2d) to explain or expound a thing 2f) to teach one something

24 Part of Speech: verb A Related Word by Thayers/Strongs Number: a prolonged (causative) form of a primary verb dao (to learn) Citing in TDNT: 2:135, 161

Vines Expository Dictionary Definition: Teach: is used (a) absolutely, to give instruction (b) transitively, with an object, whether persons, or things taught; both persons and things (p. 111)

V. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this word study establishes that Jesus was setting out from the start with the intention of instructing his hearers, and purposing to impart knowledge and understanding to them. In the context of the beatitudes, Jesus was teaching the attitudes or character traits that God sees as blessed and leads to true happiness and reward.

25 Reference Guide: Meyers, Rick, ed. King James Concordance. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Meyers, Rick, ed. Thayers Greek Definitions. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Mol, Andr Greek Interlinear Bible (nt). 2nd ed. N.p.: Scripture4All Foundation, 2010. http://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/NTpdf/mat5.pdf (accessed September 20, 2012). Vine, W.E. Vine's Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. London: Oliphants Ltd., 1981.

Blessed: #3107

makarioi, from makarios

Blessed are the poor in spirit, For theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:3 NKJV

I.

VERSES WHERE MAKARIOS WAS USED IN THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT:

And he turned him unto his disciples, and said privately, Blessed are the eyes which see the things that ye see: For I tell you, that many prophets and kings have desired to see those things which ye see, and have not seen them; and to hear those things which ye hear, and have not heard them. Luke 10:23-24 If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them John 13:17 (KJV) I think myself happy, king Agrippa, because I shall answer for myself this day before thee touching all the things whereof I am accused of the Jews Acts 26:2 (KJV)

26 Hast thou faith? Have it to thyself before God. Happy is he that condemneth not himself in that thing which he alloweth.Rom. 14:22 (KJV) According to the glorious gospel of the blessed God 1 Timothy 9:31a (KJV) If ye be reproached for the name of Christ, happy are ye; for the spirit of glory and of God resteth upon you: on their part he is evil spoken of, but on your part he is glorified. 1 Peter 4:14 (KJV) But she is happier if she so abide, after my judgment 1 Corinthians 7:40a (KJV)

27

II. SURVEY OF THE MEANING OF THE WORD BY INDUCTIVE METHOD A. There are 19 occurrences of the word makarioi in the new testament scripture, most of which are found in the Matthew and Luke. This word is translated Blessed in English every time in the KJV Bible B. There are 49 occurrences of the word makarios (the root word) and its derivatives throughout the New Testament. On five occasions it is translated as happy, and one time as happier C. The word is used most often to describe the condition of one who does a virtuous deed, displays virtuous character, or is in a favored or desirable condition. It usually is used in reference to humans, although on two occasions (in 1 Timothy 1:11; 6:15) it is used to describe God. In Titus 2:13, the appearance of Jesus is called our blessed hope. III. INITIAL FINDINGS ON THE MEANING OF THE WORD Considering the usage of the word makarios in the New Testament, it seems to describe happiness that exceeds external circumstance, but comes from within. It also seems to describe a favorable inner

28 condition of character and virtue, because for the poor, mourning, starving, persecuted ones to be happy and enviable, it seems contradictory if external happiness and circumstance are primarily in view. IV. FURTHER RESEARCH WITH LEXICON AND WORD STUDIES REFERENCES

Strongs Dictionary:

Thayers Definition (G3107):

Vines Expository Dictionary Definition (P.133):

29 V. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this word study establishes that makarios means to be extremely blessed, happy, fortunate, and or well off, but it is richer and fuller than just an ordinary happiness derived from fortunate external circumstance. In the context of Matthew 5, it is the most desirable, blessed, happy condition in terms of our internal character or virtue, as well as related to ones future rewards, as well as present tense possession of the kingdom of Heaven (Matt. 5:3) Reference Guide: Meyers, Rick, ed. King James Concordance. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Meyers, Rick, ed. Strongs Hebrew and Greek Definitions. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 20002010. http://www.e-sword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Meyers, Rick, ed. Thayers Greek Definitions. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Mol, Andr Greek Interlinear Bible (nt). 2nd ed. N.p.: Scripture4All Foundation, 2010. http://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/NTpdf/mat5.pdf (accessed September 20, 2012). Vine, W.E. Vine's Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. London: Oliphants Ltd., 1981.

Poor (in Spirit): #4434

ptochoi, from t hos

Blessed are the poor in spirit, For theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:3 NKJV

30 I. VERSES WHERE T H WAS USED IN THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT:

The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. Matthew 11:5 (KJV) Blessed be ye poor: for yours is the kingdom of God. Luke 6:20 (KJV) As sorrowful, yet always rejoicing; as poor, yet making many rich; as having nothing, and yet possessing all things. 2 Corinthians 6:10 (KJV) And there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, which was laid at his gate Luke 16:22 (KJV) But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly elements, whereunto ye desire again to be in bondage? Galatians 4:9 (KJV)

31

II. SURVEY OF THE MEANING OF THE WORD BY INDUCTIVE METHOD A. There are five occurrences of the word ptochoi in the New Testament scripture. Of these, four are found in the gospels. This word is always translated as poor in the King James Version of the Bible. B. There are 35 occurrences of the word t hos (the root word) and its derivatives throughout the New Testament. Most are found in the gospels although it occurs occasionally in the epistles and twice in Revelation as well. C. Twice in Luke 16:20-22 it is translated as beggar, and once in Galations 4:9, it is translated as beggarly.

III. INITIAL FINDINGS ON THE MEANING OF THE WORD A. Considering the usage of the word t hos in the New Testament, it appears to refer to material poverty, lack, and need. It is used as both a noun and an adjective. This meaning is strengthened by the way it is contrasted with being rich (2 Cor. 6:10, Rev. 3:17, Rev 13:16), as well as frequent exhortations to give to the t hos. Those referred to by this word are frequently widows, disabled, and or marginalized. This seems to indicate a nuance of dependency on others and inability to sustain oneself. B. A key to interpreting the word in this context is the following descriptive words in spirit. This seems so indicate that the poverty spoken of is related to ones heart posture or attitude more than to the literal poverty that is more commonly referred to by this word. C. Isaiah 66:2 has a very similar construct of words which Jesus may have been referencing: For all those things My hand has made, And all those things exist, Says the Lord. But on this one will I look: On him who is poor and of a contrite spirit, And who trembles at My word. (NKJV)

32 This additional adjective (contrite) gives insight that to be poor in spirit probably means being repentant, penitent, remorseful, or regretful IV. FURTHER RESEARCH WITH LEXICON AND WORD STUDIES REFERENCES t hos Thayer Definition:

Vines Expository Dictionary Definition: Poor: is used

p. 192

33 V. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this word study establishes that the poor ( ) are those who are needy, lack means

of provision, are dependent on others, afflicted, and lacking. The poor in spirit are those who recognise that they have nothing to offer, have no means to even provide for their own sustenance, are totally dependent on God, and are repentant or contrite. Reference Guide: Meyers, Rick, ed. King James Concordance. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Meyers, Rick, ed. Thayers Greek Definitions. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Mol, Andr Greek Interlinear Bible (nt). 2nd ed. N.p.: Scripture4All Foundation, 2010. http://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/NTpdf/mat5.pdf (accessed September 20, 2012). Vine, W.E. Vine's Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. London: Oliphants Ltd., 1981.

Kingdom (of Heaven): #932

basileia

Blessed are the poor in spirit, For theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:3 NKJV

34 I. VERSES WHERE BASILEIA WAS USED IN THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT: Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven. For I say unto you, That except your righteousness shall exceed the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no case enter into the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:19-20 (KJV) Verily I say unto you, Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffereth violence, and the violent take it by force. Matthew 11:11-12 (KJV) Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Who hath ears to hear, let him hear. Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto treasure hid in a field; the which when a man hath found, he hideth, and for joy thereof goeth and selleth all that he hath, and buyeth that field. Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto a merchant man, seeking goodly pearls: Who, when he had found one pearl of great price, went and sold all that he had, and bought it. Matthew 13:43-46 (KJV) Then said Jesus unto his disciples, Verily I say unto you, That a rich man shall hardly enter into the kingdom of heaven. And again I say unto you, It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God. Matthew 19:23 (KJV)

But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom. Matthew 26:29 (KJV) Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and a house divided against a house falleth. If Satan also be divided against himself, how shall his kingdom stand? Luke 11:17-18 (KJV)

35 And when he was demanded of the Pharisees, when the kingdom of God should come, he answered them and said, The kingdom of God cometh not with observation: Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo there! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within you. Luke 17:20-21 (KJV) My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence. John 18:36 (KJV) The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of his Christ; and he shall reign for ever and ever. Revelation 11:15b (KJV) And the woman which thou sawest is that great city, which reigneth over the kings of the earth Revelation 17:18 (KJV)

36 II. SURVEY OF THE MEANING OF THE WORD BY INDUCTIVE METHOD A. There are 75 occurrences of the word basileia in the New Testament scripture. Of these, 69 are found in the gospels. This word is always translated as kingdom in the King James Version of the Bible. B. There are 164 occurrences of the word basileia including its derivatives throughout the New Testament. Most are found in the Gospels and Acts, although it occurs occasionally in the epistles and in Revelation. C. There are five instances of the word being translated as kingdoms (plural) and once in Revelation it is translated as reigneth in the KJV, although a more literal version translates it as havingG2192 kingshipG932 (ABP+) D. The phrase translated kingdom of heaven(KJV) is more literally translated as kingdomG932 of theG3588 heavens.G3772 (ABP+). This unique phrase in Greek ( ) occurs only in the book of Matthew, and occurs 32 times therein. Jesus speaks of the kingdom of the heavens in a variety of contexts including exhortation, teachings, warnings, and parables, and appears to assume that his hearers have a pre-understanding of the phrases general meaning. III. INITIAL FINDINGS ON THE MEANING OF THE WORD A. Considering the usage of the word basileia in the New Testament, it appears to refer to a dominion, territory, place, or people group under one singular authority or sovereign king. The kingdom of the heavens seems to be synonymous with the kingdom of God (Matthew 19:23). The kingdom of the heavens appears (by these observations) to be the entirety of that which is under Gods rule and authority. It is a reality spoken of in both present and future tenses. It is not of this world (John 18:36), but heavenly in its essence. It may be presently inside a person (Luke 17:20) and will eventually encompass all the earth. (Revelation 11:15). B. The phrase Kingdom of God and Kingdom of the heavens seem to be used synonymously, although it could be possible for one so be a smaller part within the other.

37 C. The phrase kingdom of the heavens is unique to Matthew alone; it does not appear in any other book of the Bible. This probably indicates a unique audience, purpose, or cultural context than that of the other gospel writers, who used the phrase kingdom of God in parallel passages.

IV. FURTHER RESEARCH WITH LEXICON AND WORD STUDIES REFERENCES G932 basileia

Thayer Definition:

Vines Expository Dictionary Definition: Poor: is primarily an abstract noun, denoting sovereignty, royal power, dominion then by metonymy, a concrete noun denoting the territory or people over whom a king rules. It is used especially of the Kingdom of God and of Christ. The Kingdom of God is (a) the sphere of Gods rule (b) the sphere in which Gods rule is acknowledged V. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this word study establishes that a kingdom ( ) is the sphere of rule or dominion that belongs to a king or sovereign power. The Kingdom of the Heavens is in one sense, the sphere of Gods rule, and in another sense, wherever his rule is acknowledged and upheld. The Kingdom of God is both a present reality (which is partial, for those on earth who acknowledge it), as well as a future reality that is to come (when all creation submits to and acknowledges Gods leadership). The Beatitudes, and by

38 extension, all of Matthew 5-7, is therefore the constitution, law, order, or acceptable culture for those who acknowledge Gods rule both now and forever.

p. 294-296

39

Reference Guide: Meyers, Rick, ed. King James Concordance. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Meyers, Rick, ed. Thayers Greek Definitions. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Mol, Andr Greek Interlinear Bible (nt). 2nd ed. N.p.: Scripture4All Foundation, 2010. http://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/NTpdf/mat5.pdf (accessed September 20, 2012). Vine, W.E. Vine's Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. London: Oliphants Ltd., 1981.

Mourn: #3996

penthe

Blessed are those who mourn, For they shall be comforted. Matthew 5:4 NKJV

I. VERSES WHERE

TH

WAS USED IN THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT:

And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bridechamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them? but the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken from them, and then shall they fast.. Matthew 9:15 (KJV) Woe unto you that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep. Luke 6:25b (KJV)

40 Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning James 4:9a (KJV) She went and told them that had been with him, as they mourned and wept. Mark 16:10 (KJV) And ye are puffed up, and have not rather mourned, that he that hath done this deed might be taken away from among you. 1 Corinthians 5:2 (KJV) And lest, when I come again, my God will humble me among you, and that I shall bewail many which have sinned already, and have not repented of the uncleanness and fornication and lasciviousness which they have committed. 2 Corinthians 12:21 (KJV) 11And the merchants of the earth shall weep and mourn over her; for no man buyeth their merchandise any more 15The merchants of these things, which were made rich by her, shall stand afar off for the fear of her torment, weeping and wailing 19And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas, that great city, wherein were made rich all that had ships in the sea by reason of her costliness! for in one hour is she made desolate. Revelation 18:11, 15, 19 (KJV)

41

II. SURVEY OF THE MEANING OF THE WORD BY INDUCTIVE METHOD A. There are ten occurrences of the word enthe including its derivatives throughout the New Testament. B. There are five instances of the word being translated as mourn, twice as mourned (past tense), twice as wailing, and once as bewail in the King James Version of the Bible.

42 C. In the New Testament, mourning is equated with weeping, sadness, affliction, sorrow, or grief, especially due do the loss of something or someone of great value. D. Paul chastised people for not mourning over their own sin (1 Corinthians 5:2), and mourned over the sins of others (2 Corinthians 12:21). E. In Revelation 18, merchants mourn over loss of wealth due to the destruction of a city.

III. INITIAL FINDINGS ON THE MEANING OF THE WORD A. Considering the usage of the word enthe in the New Testament, it appears to refer to a deep sorrow, extreme misery, and/or weeping due to the loss of that, which was very highly valued, especially loved ones who have passed away. B. In the context of Matthew 5:4, it seems to make more sense that Jesus intended meaning was mourning, or godly sorrow related to sin. whether it be our own rebellion against God, or the sin of others (as in 1 Corinthians 5:2 and 2 Corinthians 12:21)

IV. FURTHER RESEARCH WITH LEXICON AND WORD STUDIES REFERENCES G3996 enthe

Thayer Definition:

Vin ents Word Studies:

43 Vines Expository Dictionary Definition (p.87):

V. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this word study establishes that mourning ( ) in Matthew 5:4 is deep sorrow or

grief, especially related to sin (ones own sin or the sin of others). Generally, it is used of sorrow and weeping too great to conceal, usually due to the loss of someone or something deemed to be exceedingly precious and valuable.

Reference Guide: Meyers, Rick, ed. King James Concordance. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Meyers, Rick, ed. Thayers Greek Definitions. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Meyers, Rick, ed. Vin ents Word Studies. Franklin, TN: e-Sword 10.1.0, 2000-2010. http://www.esword.net/(accessed September 20, 2012). Mol, Andr Greek Interlinear Bible (nt). 2nd ed. N.p.: Scripture4All Foundation, 2010. http://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/NTpdf/mat5.pdf (accessed September 20, 2012). Vine, W.E. Vine's Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. London: Oliphants Ltd., 1981.

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Comforted #3870

Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted. Matthew 5:4 NKJV The basic concept for comfort in both the Old and New Testaments is encouragement, whether by words or the presence of another to help in time of need. Synonymous words are console, help, give relief, cheer up, exhort, and fear not. In the New Testament the words parakaleo [parakalevw] and paraklesis [paravklhsi"] come from the verb kaleo [kalevw], meaning "to call, " and the preposition para [parav], "alongside of." The meaning is to call or summon to one's aid, to call for help, to stand alongside of. Further meanings are to comfort, to encourage, to cheer up, to exhort. The second beatitude offers a blessing to those who mourn, "for they will be comforted" ( Matt 5:4 ). But the mothers whose children have been murdered by Herod refuse to be comforted (Matt 2:18). In these instances the meaning is closely related to "console." Paul's classic passages on comfort (2 Cor. 1:3-7; 7:2-16) suggest the dominant note of encouragement. The King James Version and the New International Version use the word "comfort." God is the author of comfort and "comforts us in all our troubles, so that we can comfort those in any trouble with the comfort we ourselves have received from God" (1:4). This is made possible through Christ, and makes patient endurance overflow to others. Paul was encouraged through the coming of Titus, who had received the comfort of the Corinthian church ( 7:4-7 ). Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology. Edited by Walter A. Elwell Copyright 1996 by Walter A. Elwell. Published by Baker Books, a division of Baker Book House Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan USA.

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Meek #4239

Mildness of disposition, gentleness of spirit/meekness. Meekness toward God is that disposition of spirit in which we accept His dealings with us as good, and therefore without disputing or-resisting. In the OT, the meek are those wholly relying on God rather than their own strength to defend them against injustice. Thayer's. "Greek Lexicon entry for Praus". "The NAS New Testament Greek Lexicon".

Inherit #2816
Klronom (from klronmos, "a specific allotment of inheritance, apportioned by casting lots") properly, to assign inheritance (inherit) by lot.

klronom ("to assign inheritance by lot-casting") is used in relation to believers claiming their earthly inheritance assigned (allotted) by the Lord. [The believer receives their opportunity and reward for inheritance by divine-lot (cf. Eph 1:11, Gk text), which apportions the possessions of the Father for their gift of inheritance.] Helps Word-Studies copyright 1987, 2011 by Helps Ministries, Inc.

Earth #1093

1093 g properly, the physical earth; (figuratively) the "arena" we live in which operates in space and time which God uses to prepare us for eternity. The physical earth (g) is the temporary, probationary place to live out moral preferences "through the body," i.e. as free moral agents (cf. 2 Cor 5:1-10). In this way, God makes an eternal

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record of everything we do on the earth. Through faith, each scene of life becomes equally, eternally significant (cf. Mt 13:31,32,17:20; cf. also Lk 16:10; Lk 17:6; 2 Pet 1:1). [The OT Hebrew term, /asita ("earth"), also refers to the physical earth as "God's arena" "the physical theater" in which our eternal destiny freely plays out.] Helps Word-Studies copyright 1987, 2011 by Helps Ministries, Inc.

Righteousness #1343

1343 dikaiosn (from1349/dk, "a judicial verdict") properly, judicial approval (the verdict of approval); in the NT, the approval of God ("divine approval"). Dikaiosn ("divine approval") is the regular NT term used for righteousness ("God's judicial approval"). 1343/dikaiosn ("the approval of God") refers to what is deemed right by the Lord (after His examination), i.e. what is approved in His eyes. A forensic term, opposed to condemnation. As regards its nature, it is the judicial act of God, by which he pardons all the sins of those who believe in Christ, and accounts, accepts, and treats them as righteous in the eye of the law, i.e., as conformed to all its demands. In addition to the pardon (q.v.) of sin, justification declares that all the claims of the law are satisfied in respect of the justified. It is the act of a judge and not of a sovereign. The law is not relaxed or set aside, but is declared to be fulfilled in the strictest sense; and so the person justified is declared to be entitled to all the advantages and rewards arising from perfect obedience to the law. (Rom. 5:110).

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The noun righteousness/justice (Gk.Dikaiosune [dikaiosuvnh]) bears meanings in the New Testament related to two sources. The major one is the Hebrew thought-world of the Old Testament and particularly word group, which locates the meaning in the sphere of God's gracious, covenantal relation to his people and the appropriate behavior of the covenant partners (Yahweh and Israel) toward each other. The other is the regular use of the words in everyday Greek as spoken in New Testament times, which fixes the meaning in the sphere of a life in conformity to a known standard or law thus honesty, legality, and so on. This latter meaning in terms of doing God's will is of course also found in the Old Testament. When we translate the Greek words based on the stem dikai- into English we make use of two sets of words based on the stems, just and right. So we have just, justice, justify and right, righteous, righteousness, right, wise (old English). The use of two sets of English words for the one set of Greek words sometimes causes difficulties for students of the Bible. This is especially so when the verb "to justify, describing God's word and action, is used with the noun "righteousness, " pointing to the result of that action. Eason's Bible Dictionary written by Matthew George Easton, was published in 1897
C. Przybylski, Righteousness in Matthew and His World of Thought; J. Reumann, et al., Righteousness in the New Testament; P. Stulmacher, Reconciliation, Law and Righteousness; J. A. Zeisler, The Meaning of Righteousness in Paul. Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology. Edited by Walter A. Elwell Copyright 1996 by Walter A. Elwell. Published by Baker Books, a division of Baker Book House Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan USA. Thayer and Smith. "Greek Lexicon entry for Kleronomeo". "The KJV New Testament Greek Lexicon".

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Merciful: #1655

Blessed are the merciful, For they shall obtain mercy. Matthew 5:7 NKJV

Reference Guide: Green, Jay P. Sr., 2008, The Interlinear Bible, Hendrickson Publishers, USA 978-1-56563-977-5 Wigram, George V., 2009, The Englishmans Greek Con ordance of the New Testament, Hendrickson Publishers, USA, 978-1-56563-207-3 Blue Letter Bible. "Dictionary and Word Search for elee (Strong's 1653)". Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2012. 3 Oct 2012. < http:// www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/Lexicon.cfm? Strongs=G1653&t=KJV >

E egeti al Word StudyMatthew 5:7

ele-eem

mer iful

Blessed(3107) are the merciful(1655): for they shall obtain mercy(1653) (5701) . Makarioi(3107) oi elehmonev(1655), oti autoi elehqhsontai.(1653) (5701) (Interlinear study bible on Studylight.org) New Testament verse where this word was used Hebrews 2:17 Wherefore in all things it behoved him (5707) to be made like (5683) unto his brethren, that he might be (5638) a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for (5745) the sins of the people. oqen wfeilen (5707) kata panta toiv adelfoiv omoiwqhnai, (5683) ina elehmwn genhtai (5638) kai pistov arxiereuv ta prov ton qeon, eiv to ilaskesqai (5745) tav amartiav tou laou; (Interlinear study bible on studylight.org) Survey of the meaning of the word by inductive method While looking this word up there are only two verses that this specific word is used. Once in Matthew 5:7 and another in Hebrew 2:17, so it has to be specific. Upon studying it further it seemed to be a version of the word , eleo 1653.

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Conclusion In the Greek scripture as stated before this specific word is only found twice. They are both being used to talk about the attribute of Jesus. In all of this I find in the context of the scripture that it simply means merciful.

Pure: #2513

, katharos

Blessed are the pure in heart, For they shall see God Matthew5:8 NKJV Reference Guide: Green, Jay P. Sr., 2008, The Interlinear Bible, Hendrickson Publishers, USA, 978-156563-977-5 Wigram, George V., 2009, The Englishmans Greek Concordance of the New Testament, Hendrickson Publishers, USA, 978-1-56563-207-3 The Lockman Foundation, NAS Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible with HebrewAramaic and Greek Dictionaries, Biblos.com, concordances.org/greek/2513.htm [accessed September 21, 2012]

Exegetical Word Study- katharos pure Mathew 5:8 Blessed are the pure (2513) in heart: for they shall see (5695) God. makarioi oi kaqaroi (2513) th kardia, oti autoi ton qeon oyontai. (5695) (Interlinear study bible on studylight.org) List of New Testament verses where 4133 1751 1325 ure was used (nkjv) 2400 3956 all things 2513 clean 2076 .

1654

, alms and behold

But (of) the being within give

to you is.

But give alms of the things which are within, and behold, all things are clean to you. -Luke 11:41

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Jesus saith (5719) to him, He that is washed (5772) needeth not * (5719) save to wash (5670) his feet, but is (5748) clean every whit: and ye are (5748) clean, but not all. legei (5719) autw o Ihsouv, O leloumenov (5772) ouk exei (5719) xreian ei mh touv podav niyasqai, (5670) all' estin (5748) kaqarov olov; kai umeiv kaqaroi este, (5748) all' ouxi pantev. John 13: 10 Wherefore I take you to record (5736) this * * day, that I am pure from the blood of all men. dioti marturomai (5736) umin en th shmeron hmera oti kaqarov eimi (5748) apo tou aimatov pantwn, -Acts 20:26 For meat destroy (5720) not the work of God. All things indeed are pure; but it is evil for that man who eateth (5723) with offence. mh eneken brwmatov katalue (5720) to ergon tou qeou. panta men kaqara, alla kakon tw anqrwpw tw dia proskommatov esqionti. (5723) -Romans 14:20 Now the end of the commandment is (5748) charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience, and of faith unfeigned: to de telov thv paraggeliav estin (5748) agaph ek kaqarav kardiav kai suneidhsewv agaqhv kai pistewv anupokritou, -1Timothy 1:5 Unto the pure all things are pure *: but unto them that are defiled (5772) and unbelieving is nothing pure; but even their mind and conscience is defiled (5769) . panta kaqara toiv kaqaroiv; toiv de memiammenoiv (5772) kai apistoiv ouden kaqaron, alla memiantai (5769) autwn kai o nouv kai h suneidhsiv. -Titus 1:15 (Inductive study bible studylight.org) Survey of the meaning of the word by inductive method -Katharos is found in 24 occurrences with in the bible in the New Testament Further Research -Definition: 1. clean, pure, unstained, either literally or ceremonially or spiritually; guiltless, innocent, upright 2. clean, pure physically purified by fire in a similitude, like a vine cleansed by pruning and so fitted to bear fruit in a levitical sense clean, the use of which is not forbidden, imparts no uncleanness ethically free from corrupt desire, from sin and guilt free from every admixture of what is false, sincere genuine blameless, innocent unstained with the guilt of anything.

51 (Unknown, BibleStudyTools, Salem Web Network, JupiterImages Corporation,

http://www.biblestudytools.com/search/?q=katharos&rc=LEX&rc2=LEX+GRK&ps=10&s=References [accessed September 21, 2012])

Conclusion When I looked up katharos after many verses I concluded that this form of pure relates back to Jesus dying and making us a pure and spotless bride.

In Heart: #2588

Blessed are the pure in heart, For they shall see God Matthew5:8 KJV Reference Guide: Blue Letter Bible. "Dictionary and Word Search for '"in heart"' in the KJV". Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2012. 2 Oct 2012. < http:// www.blueletterbible.org/search/translationResults.cfm? Criteria=%22in+heart%22&t=KJV > Exegetical Word Study: Mathew 5:8 Blessed are the pure (2513) in heart: for they shall see (5695) God. makarioi oi kaqaroi (2513) th kardia, oti autoi ton qeon oyontai. (5695) (Interlinear study bible on studylight.org) List of some Old and New Testament Vs. where Kardia is used And on the three 7969 and twentieth 6242 day 3117 of the seventh 7637 month 2320 he sent 7971 0 the people 5971 away 7971 into their tents 168, glad 8056 and merry 2896 in heart 3820 for the goodness 2896 that the LORD 3068 had shewed 6213 unto David 1732, and to Solomon 8010, and to Israel 3478 his people 5971. -2Chronicales7:10 But the hypocrites 2611 in heart 3820 heap up 7760 wrath 639: they cry 7768 not when he bindeth 631 them. -Job36:13 kardia in heart

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For, lo, the wicked 7563 bend 1869 [their] bow 7198, they make ready 3559 their arrow 2671 upon the string 3499, that they may privily 652 1119 shoot 3384 at the upright 3477 in heart 3820. -Psalm11:2 O continue 4900 thy lovingkindness 2617 unto them that know 3045 thee; and thy righteousness 6666 to the upright 3477 in heart 3820. -Psalm 36:10 The wise 2450 in heart 3820 will receive 3947 commandments 4687: but a prating 8193 fool 191 shall fall 3832. -Proverbs10:8 Their tongue 3956 [is as] an arrow 2671 shot out 7819; it speaketh 1696 deceit 4820: [one] speaketh 1696 peaceably 7965 to his neighbour 7453 with his mouth 6310, but in heart 7130 he layeth 7760 his wait 696. -Jeremiah9:8 Take 142 my 3450 yoke 2218 upon 1909 you 5209, and 2532 learn 3129 of 575 me 1700; for 3754 I am 1510 meek 4235 and 2532 lowly 5011 in heart 2588: and 2532 ye shall find 2147 rest 372 unto your 5216 souls 5590. -Matthew11:29 Survey of the Meaning of the word by Inductive Method -in heart was found 349 times in the KJV, if we were to in depth and break it apart, you would find that in is used 9,526 times and heart is used 765 times -it was specifically used 27 times though Further Research with Lexicon NT Greek= kardia, k r-d - , heart, broken hearted

-the vigor and sense of physical life -the center and seat of spiritual life -the soul or mind, as it is the fountain and seat of the thoughts, passions, desires, appetites, affections, purposes, endeavors of the understanding, the faculty and seat of the intelligence of the will and character (Thayer and Smith. "Greek Lexicon entry for Kardia". "The KJV New Testament Greek Lexicon". September 21,2012) Conclusion This passage uses this word kardia as heart in its simple meaning.

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Shall See: #G3700

Blessed

are the pure in heart, For they shall see God

Matthew5:8 KJV Reference Guide: Blue Letter Bible. "Gospel of Matthew 5 - (KJV - King James Version)." Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2012. 2 Oct 2012. < http://www.blueletterbible.org/Bible.cfm?b=Mat&c=5&t=KJV > Exegetical Word Study: Mathew 5:8 Blessed are the pure (2513) in heart: for they shall see (5695) God. makarioi oi kaqaroi (2513) th kardia, oti autoi ton qeon oyontai. (5695) (Interlinear study bible on studylight.org) List of some vs. where o tanomai is used -Genesis37:20 Come 3212 now therefore, and let us slay 2026 him, and cast 7993 him into some 259 pit 953, and we will say 559, Some evil 7451 beast 2416 hath devoured 398 him: and we shall see 7200 what will become of his dreams 2472. -Exodus16:7 And in the morning 1242, then ye shall see 7200 the glory 3519 of the LORD 3068; for that he heareth 8085 your murmurings 8519 against the LORD 3068: and what [are] we 5168, that ye murmur 3885 3885 against us? -Numbers24:17 I shall see 7200 him, but not now: I shall behold 7789 him, but not nigh 7138: there shall come 1869 a Star 3556 out of Jacob 3290, and a Sceptre 7626 shall rise 6965 out of Israel 3478, and shall smite 4272 the corners 6285 of Moab 4124, and destroy 6979 all the children 1121 of Sheth 8352 8351. -Deuteronomy28:10 And all people 5971 of the earth 776 shall see 7200 that thou art called 7121 by the name 8034 of the LORD 3068; and they shall be afraid 3372 of thee. , optanomai, shall see

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-Ezekiel39:21 And I will set 5414 my glory 3519 among the heathen 1471, and all the heathen 1471 shall see 7200 my judgment 4941 that I have executed 6213, and my hand 3027 that I have laid 7760 upon them. -Joel2:28 And it shall come to pass afterward 310, [that] I will pour out 8210 my spirit 7307 upon all flesh 1320; and your sons 1121 and your daughters 1323 shall prophesy 5012, your old men 2205 shall dream 2492 dreams 2472, your young men 970 shall see 7200 visions 2384: -Micah6:9 The LORD'S 3068 voice 6963 crieth 7121 unto the city 5892, and [the man of] wisdom 8454 shall see 7200 thy name 8034: hear 8085 ye the rod 4294, and who hath appointed 3259 it. -Zechariah10:7 And [they of] Ephraim 669 shall be like a mighty 1368 [man], and their heart 3820 shall rejoice 8055 as through wine 3196: yea, their children 1121 shall see 7200 [it], and be glad 8055; their heart 3820 shall rejoice 1523 in the LORD 3068. -Psalm69:32 The humble 6035 shall see 7200 [this, and] be glad 8055: and your heart 3824 shall live 2421 that seek 1875 God 430. -Isaiah33:20 Look 2372 upon Zion 6726, the city 7151 of our solemnities 4150: thine eyes 5869 shall see 7200 Jerusalem 3389 a quiet 7600 habitation 5116, a tabernacle 168 [that] shall not be taken down 6813; not one of the stakes 3489 thereof shall ever 5331 be removed 5265, neither shall any of the cords 2256 thereof be broken 5423. -Isaiah52:10 The LORD 3068 hath made bare 2834 his holy 6944 arm 2220 in the eyes 5869 of all the nations 1471; and all the ends 657 of the earth 776 shall see 7200 the salvation 3444 of our God 430. -Revelation1:7 Behold 2400, he cometh 2064 with 3326 clouds 3507; and 2532 every 3956 eye 3788 shall see 3700 him 846, and 2532 they [also] which 3748 pierced 1574 him 846: and 2532 all 3956 kindreds 5443 of the earth 1093 shall wail 2875 because 1909 of him 846. Even so 3483, Amen 281.

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Survey of the Meaning of the Word by Inductive Method -This word was used 90 times in the scriptures -The specific type of word occurs 58 times Further Research with Lexicon -see, appear, look, show (ones) self, being seen -to look at behold Thayer and Smith. "Greek Lexicon entry for Optanomai". "The KJV New Testament Greek Lexicon". September 21,2012 Conclusion The word in this context I imagine would be to either appear literal or it would be fulfilled later on.

God: #G2316
Blessed are the pure in heart, For they shall see God Matthew5:8 KJV Reference Guide: Blue Letter Bible. "Gospel of Matthew 5 - (KJV - King James Version)." Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2012. 2 Oct 2012. < http://www.blueletterbible.org/Bible.cfm?b=Mat&c=5&t=KJV > Exegetical Word Study: , theos, God

Makarioi(3107) hoi(3588) eirnopoioi(1518) hoti(3754) autoi(846) huioi(5207) Blessed the peacemakers for they sons

theou(2316) klthsontai(2564) of God will be called.

(Interlinear study bible on studylight.org) List of some vs. where theos was used

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Behold 2400 , a virgin 3933 shall be with child 1722 1064 2192 , and 2532 shall bring forth 5088 a son 5207, and 2532 they shall call 2564 his 846 name 3686 Emmanuel 1694, which 3739 being interpreted 3177 is 2076 , God2316 with 3326 us 2257. -Matthew 1:23 And 2532, behold 2400 , they cried out 2896 , saying 3004 , What 5101 have we 2254 to do with 2532 thee 4671, Jesus 2424, thou Son 5207 of God2316? art thou come 2064 hither 5602 to torment 928 us 2248 before 4253 the time 2540? -Matthew8:29 Therefore 1223 5124 say I 3004 unto you 5213, 3754 The kingdom 932 of God2316 shall be taken 142 from 575 you 5216, and 2532 given 1325 to a nation 1484 bringing forth 4160 the fruits 2590 thereof 846. -Matthew21:43 And 2532 immediately 2112 he arose 1453 , took up 142 the bed 2895, and 2532 went forth 1831 before 1726 them all 3956; insomuch that 5620 they were 1839 0 all 3956 amazed 1839 , and 2532 glorified 1392 God2316, saying 3004 , 3754 We 1492 0 never 3763 saw 1492 it on this fashion 3779. -Mark2:12 And 2532 when Jesus 2424 saw 1492 that 3754 he 846 answered 611 discreetly 3562, he said 2036 unto him 846, Thou art 1488 not 3756 far 3112 from 575 the kingdom 932 of God2316. And 2532 no man 3762 after that 3765 durst 5111 ask 1905 him 846 [any question]. -Mark12:34

And 2532 Jesus 2424 increased 4298 in wisdom 4678 and 2532 stature 2244, and 2532 in favour 5485 with 3844 God2316 and 2532 man 444. -Luke2:52 And 2532 it came to pass 1096 afterward 1722 2517, that 2532 he 846 went 1353 throughout every 2596 city 4172 and 2532 village 2968, preaching 2784 and 2532 shewing the glad tidings 2097 of the kingdom 932 of God2316: and 2532 the twelve 1427 [were] with 4862 him 846, -Luke8:1 When 1161 he saw 1492 Jesus 2424, he cried out 349 , and 2532 fell down before 4363 him 846, and 2532 with a loud 3173 voice 5456 said 2036 , What 5101 have I 1698 to do with 2532 thee 4671, Jesus 2424, [thou] Son 5207 of God2316 most high 5310? I beseech 1189 thee 4675, torment 928 me 3165 not 3361. -Luke8:28 Therefore 3767 being 5225 a prophet 4396, and 2532 knowing 1492 that 3754 God2316 had sworn 3660 with an oath 3727 to him 846, that of 1537 the fruit 2590 of his 846 loins 3751, according to 2596 the flesh 4561, he would raise up 450 Christ 5547 to sit 2523 on 1909 his 846 throne 2362; -Acts2:30 [Is he] 2228 the God2316 of the Jews 2453 only 3440? [is he] not 3780 also 1161 2532 of the Gentiles 1484? Yes 3483, of the Gentiles 1484 also 2532: -Romans3:29

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But 235 not 3756 as 5613 the offence 3900, so 3779 also 2532 [is] the free gift 5486. For 1063 if 1487 through the offence 3900 of one 1520 many 4183 be dead 599 , much 4183 more 3123 the grace 5485 of God2316, and 2532 the gift 1431 by 1722 grace 5485, [which is 3588] by one 1520 man 444, Jesus 2424 Christ 5547, hath abounded 4052 unto 1519 many 4183. -Romans5:15 But 235 [let it be] the hidden 2927 man 444 of the heart 2588, in 1722 that which is not corruptible 862, [even the ornament] of a meek 4239 and 2532 quiet 2272 spirit 4151, which 3739 is 2076 in the sight 1799 of God2316 of great price 4185. -1Peter3:4 But 1161 sanctify 37 the Lord 2962 God2316 in 1722 your 5216 hearts 2588: and 1161 [be] ready 2092 always 104 to 4314 [give] an answer 627 to every man 3956 that asketh 154 you 5209 a reason 3056 of 4012 the hope 1680 that is in 1722 you 5213 with 3326 meekness 4240 and 2532 fear 5401: -1Peter3:15 Survey of the meaning of the word by inductive method -In the KJV this word theos appears 1343 times in the Bible -Also theos is a masculine noun and depending on the different types of the Bible in the KJV God specifically appears 1320 times, god meaning idols or other gods is used 13 times, and other relative uses are found 5 other times and the term meaning God-ward is found over 4214 times Further Research with Lexicon -of uncertain affinity; a deity, especially the supreme Divinity (Root word) -a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities -the Godhead, trinity (God, Jesus, Holy Spirit) -spoken of the only and true God -whatever can in any respect be likened unto God or resemble Him in any way Conclusion Theos is used in this vs. as the God or as I figure the only One, it was not referring to just any god or object it was specifically placed and meant God Himself. Meaning the all-powerful God who made the heavens and the earth.

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Peacemakers: #G1518

Blessed [are] the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God. Matthew5:9 KJV Reference Guide: Blue Letter Bible. "Gospel of Matthew 5 - (KJV - King James Version)." Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2012. 2 Oct 2012. < http://www.blueletterbible.org/Bible.cfm?b=Mat&c=5&t=KJV > Exegetical Word Study- eirno oios Makarioi(3107) hoi(3588) Blessed the ea emakers

eirnopoioi(1518) hoti(3754) autoi(846) huioi(5207) peacemakers for they sons

theou(2316) klthsontai(2564) of God will be called.

(Interlinear study bible on studylight.org) List of other verses where eirno oios is used -This word is used only once in the KJV Survey of the Meaning of the Word by Inductive Method -In the KJV this specific word only appears once Further Research with Lexicon -A peacemaker or Pacific, loving peace -When I looked up eirn, (its part of the root word) it was found in 92 vs. Also, it means a state of national tranquility-peace between individuals-security, safety, prosperity, felicity(because peace and harmony make and keep things safe and prosperous)-of the Messiahs peace(salvation)-of Christianity, the tranquil state of a sould assured of its salvation through Christ, and so fearing nothing from God and content with its earthly lot, of whatsoever sort that is-the blessed state of devout and upright men after death -The other word is poie , and this word appears 579 times in the KJV. It means to make[(to render one anything, to constitute or appoint one anything, to appoint or ordain one that, to declare one anything, to make one do something]-to do[to act rightly, do well(carry out, execute), with designation of time: to pass, spend, to keep, celebrate, to perform: to a promise]

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Conclusion The difference was how eirn the first word just stated almost like a supernatural peace and poie , the second word talked about giving it freely and to do it well like a promise. I think this word it a combination so it would mean a freely given promise that you dont have to work for or earn and with that you share that peace.

Children:#G5207

Blessed [are] the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God. Matthew5:9 KJV Reference Guide: Blue Letter Bible. "Gospel of Matthew 5 - (KJV - King James Version)." Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2012. 2 Oct 2012. < http://www.blueletterbible.org/Bible.cfm?b=Mat&c=5&t=KJV > Exegetical Word Study: Makarioi(3107) hoi(3588) Blessed the , huios Children

eirnopoioi(1518) hoti(3754) autoi(846) huioi(5207) peacemakers for they sons

theou(2316) klthsontai(2564) of God will be called.

(Interlinear study bible on studylight.org) List of some vs. that huios is used -Matthew1:1 The book 976 of the generation 1078 of Jesus 2424 Christ 5547, the son5207 of David 1138, the son5207 of Abraham 11. -Matthew11:19 The Son5207 of man 444 came 2064 eating 2068 and 2532 drinking 4095 , and 2532 they say 3004 , Behold 2400 a man 444 gluttonous 5314, and 2532 a winebibber 3630, a friend 5384 of

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publicans 5057 and 2532 sinners 268. But 2532 wisdom 4678 is justified 1344 of 575 her 846 children 5043. -Matthew14:33 Then 1161 they that were in 1722 the ship 4143 came 2064 and worshipped 4352 him 846, saying 3004 , Of a truth 230 thou art 1488 the Son5207 of God 2316. -Mark2:19 And 2532 Jesus 2424 said 2036 unto them 846, 3361 Can 1410 the children5207 of the bridechamber 3567 fast 3522 , while 1722 3739 the bridegroom 3566 is 2076 with 3326 them 846? as long as 3745 5550 they have 2192 the bridegroom 3566 with 3326 them 1438, they cannot 3756 1410 fast 3522 . -Luke5:10 And 1161 so 3668 [was] also 2532 James 2385, and 2532 John 2491, the sons5207 of Zebedee 2199, which 3739 were 2258 partners 2844 with Simon 4613. And 2532 Jesus 2424 said 2036 unto 4314 Simon 4613, Fear 5399 not 3361; from 575 henceforth 3568 thou shalt 2071 catch 2221 men 444. -Luke6:22 Blessed 3107 are ye 2075 , when 3752 men 444 shall hate 3404 you 5209, and 2532 when 3752 they shall separate 873 you 5209 [from their company], and 2532 shall reproach 3679 [you], and 2532 cast out 1544 your 5216 name 3686 as 5613 evil 4190, for the Son5207 of man's 444 sake 1752. -John5:20 For 1063 the Father 3962 loveth 5368 the Son5207, and 2532 sheweth 1166 him 846 all things 3956 that 3739 himself 846 doeth 4160 : and 2532 he will shew 1166 him 846 greater 3187 0 works 2041 than 3187 these 5130, that 2443 ye 5210 may marvel 2296 . -Romans8:14 For 1063 as many as 3745 are led 71 by the Spirit 4151 of God 2316, they 3778 are 1526 the sons5207 of God 2316. Survey of the meaning of the word by Inductive Method -This word was found in the KJV 382 times. -When using this form of the word it would a masculine noun

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Further Research with Lexicon -a son (just as a mother and father, a descendant or an adopted son) -son of man(carrying the connotation of weakness and mortality) -son of God(those who are governed by the spirit of God, repose the same calm and joyful trust in God which children do in their parents Romans8:14 & Galatians3:26, and hereafter in the blessedness and glory of the life eternal will openly wear this dignity of the sons of God.)

Conclusion The word children I found can be interchangeable with son. Also, when I was looking into this verse I noticed that if you specifically look up this word it could mean just children (kids), or offspring if the lineage was used or reference, and the children of Israel. This could also refer to Jesus being the Son of God and how He can bring you into His kingdom and take you under His wing as if He adopted you.

Persecuted- Found in Matthew 5:10 & 11.

Transliteration - dik

Strongs G1377

Word is a -Verb

Pronunciation - d-'-k

Perhaps from the same as

(G3735) (through the idea of elevation); the sky Root Word (Etymology)

A prolonged (and causative) form of a primary verb dio (to flee; cf the base of (G1169) and (G1249))

TDNT Reference
TDNT Reference 2:229, 177

Vines
Outline of Biblical Usage

Outline of Biblical Usage

1) to make to run or flee, put to flight, drive away 2) to run swiftly in order to catch a person or thing, to run after a) to press on: figuratively of one who in a race runs swiftly to reach the goal

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b) to pursue (in a hostile manner) 3) in any way whatever to harass, trouble, molest one a) to persecute b) to be mistreated, suffer persecution on account of something 4) without the idea of hostility, to run after, follow after: someone 5) metaph., to pursue a) to seek after eagerly, earnestly endeavour to acquire
KJV Translation Count - Total: 44 AV - persecute 28 times, follow after 6 times, follow 4, suffer persecution 3 times, misc 3

Thayers Lexicon

Concordance Results Using NKJV Strong's Number G1377 matches the Greek (dik), which occurs 49 times in 43 verses in the Greek concordance of the KJV Act 26:14-15 "And when we all had fallen to the ground, I heard a voice speaking to me and saying in the Hebrew language, 'Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me? [It is] hard for you to kick against the goads.' "So I said, 'Who are You, Lord?' And He said, 'I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting. Rom 12:14 Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse. For I am the least of the apostles, who am not worthy to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. 2Cr 4:9 persecuted, but not forsaken; struck down, but not destroyed-2Ti 3:12 Yes, and all who desire to live godly in Christ Jesus will suffer persecution. Rev 12:13 Now when the dragon saw that he had been cast to the earth, he persecuted the woman who gave birth to the male [Child].

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Conclusion
The word persecute, or to be persecuted, is one thats well known in Christian circles and is used and mention frequently through the New Testament, Jesus speaks about it almost as a part of the every day life of those who follow Him. To be persecuted was a large part of the beginning of the church and still is today in that way out side of the western church, not to say that persecution today in the western church doesnt happen but that it comes in political and social ways under the radar more, a more strategic way you could say, less abrasive. What I find interesting is the aspect of the following part of this word, which you can find in the word pursue which is to follow after someone, or to run after? There is a positive and negative here, you can pursue for good, or pursue to harm someone in a hostile way, which leaves me seeing it at its core, that it is a choice we make.

Revile- Found in Matthew 5:11.

Transliteration - oneidiz

Strongs G3679

Pronunciation - o-n-d'-z

Word is a -Verb

Root Word (Etymology) Reproach (Noun and Verb), Reproachfully: akin to A, Nos. 1 and 2, signifies (a), in the Active Voice, "to reproach, upbraid," Mat 5:11, RV, "shall reproach" (AV, "shall revile"); Mat 11:20, "to upbraid;" Mat 27:44, RV, "cast . . . reproach" [AV, "cast . . . in (His) teeth"]; Mar 15:32 RV, "reproached" (AV, "reviled"); Mar 16:14 "upbraided;" Luk 6:22 "shall reproach;" Rom 15:3; Jam 1:5, "upbraideth;" (b) in the Passive Voice, "to suffer reproach, be reproached," 1Ti 4:10 (in some mss. in the 2nd part); 1Pe 4:14

64 TDNT Reference 5:239, 693

Outline of Biblical Usage 1) to reproach, upbraid, revile a) of deserved reproach b) of undeserved reproach, to revile c) to upbraid, cast (favours received) in one's teeth

KJV Translation Count - Total: 10 AV - upbraid 3, reproached 3, revile 2, cast in (ones) teeth 1, suffer reproach 1 Thayers Lexicon

Concordance Results Using NKJV Strong's Number G3679 matches the Greek (oneidiz ), which occurs 11 times in 10 verses in the Greek concordance of the KJV

65 Mat 5:11 "Blessed are you when they revile and persecute you, and say all kinds of evil against you falsely for My sake. Mat 11:20 Then He began to rebuke the cities in which most of His mighty works had been done, because they did not repent: Mat 27:44 Even the robbers who were crucified with Him reviled Him with the same thing. Mar 16:14 Later He appeared to the eleven as they sat at the table; and He rebuked their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they did not believe those who had seen Him after He had risen. Luk 6:22 Blessed are you when men hate you, And when they exclude you, And revile [you], and cast out your name as evil, For the Son of Man's sake. Rom 15:3 For even Christ did not please Himself; but as it is written, "The reproaches of those who reproached You fell on Me." 1Ti 4:10 For to this [end] we both labor and suffer reproach, because we trust in the living God, who is [the] Savior of all men, especially of those who believe. Jam 1:5 If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach, and it will be given to him. 1Pe 4:14 If you are reproached for the name of Christ, blessed [are you], for the Spirit of glory and of God rests upon you. On their part He is blasphemed, but on your part He is glorified.

Conclusion
The word revile fits so well and relatable to the word persecute, the use of these two words together is seen and can be common in scripture, but to be reviled, or reproached as is another translation or use of the word, is a response that one has towards another that is not pleasant in nature. It would seem to have no end, but to only get worse, these state of reviling, would lead to a build up toward hate or such an emotional response?

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Rejoice- Found in Matthew 5:12. Transliteration - chair

Strongs G5463

Pronunciation - kh'-r

Word is a -Verb

Root Word (Etymology)

A primary verb TDNT Reference 9:359, 1298

Outline of Biblical Usage 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) to rejoice, be glad to rejoice exceedingly to be well, thrive in salutations, hail! at the beginning of letters: to give one greeting, salute
KJV Translation Count - Total: 74 AV-rejoice 42, be glad 14, joy 5, hail 5, greeting 3, God speed 2, all hail 1, joyfully 1, farewell 1 Thayers Lexicon

Concordance Results Using NKJV Strong's Number G5463 matches the Greek (chair), which occurs 77 times in 68 verses in the Greek concordance of the KJV

Mat 18:13 "And if he should find it, assuredly, I say to you, he rejoices more over that [sheep] than over the ninetynine that did not go astray. Luk 1:28 And having come in, the angel said to her, "Rejoice, highly favored [one], the Lord [is] with you; blessed [are] you among women!"

67 Luk 15:32 'It was right that we should make merry and be glad, for your brother was dead and is alive again, and was lost and is found.' " Luk 23:8 Now when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceedingly glad; for he had desired for a long [time] to see Him, because he had heard many things about Him, and he hoped to see some miracle done by Him. Jhn 3:29 "He who has the bride is the bridegroom; but the friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices greatly because of the bridegroom's voice. Therefore this joy of mine is fulfilled. Jhn 4:36 "And he who reaps receives wages, and gathers fruit for eternal life, that both he who sows and he who reaps may rejoice together. Jhn 8:56 "Your father Abraham rejoiced to see My day, and he saw [it] and was glad." Act 5:41 So they departed from the presence of the council, rejoicing that they were counted worthy to suffer shame for His name. Act 8:39 Now when they came up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord caught Philip away, so that the eunuch saw him no more; and he went on his way rejoicing. Rom 12:15 Rejoice with those who rejoice, and weep with those who weep. 2Cr 7:9 Now I rejoice, not that you were made sorry, but that your sorrow led to repentance. For you were made sorry in a godly manner, that you might suffer loss from us in nothing. Phl 1:18 What then? Only [that] in every way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is preached; and in this I rejoice, yes, and will rejoice. Phl 2:17 Yes, and if I am being poured out [as a drink offering] on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I am glad and rejoice with you all. Col 1:24 I now rejoice in my sufferings for you, and fill up in my flesh what is lacking in the afflictions of Christ, for the sake of His body, which is the church, 1Pe 4:13 but rejoice to the extent that you partake of Christ's sufferings, that when His glory is revealed, you may also be glad with exceeding joy. Rev 11:10 And those who dwell on the earth will rejoice over them, make merry, and send gifts to one another, because these two prophets tormented those who dwell on the earth. Rev 19:7 "Let us be glad and rejoice and give Him glory, for the marriage of the Lamb has come, and His wife has made herself ready."

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Conclusion To rejoice means to receive something or someone with gladness, or to be in such a joyful state that ones happiness cannot be concealed. To rejoice is a weapon, it is a way we can press in through tough times and overcome them, and fight off our enemies, and love them. If it is said that Jesus rejoices in His spirit, then why not do the same, whenever we can, and find His joy.

Great- Found in Matthew 5:12

Transliteration - polys

Strongs G4183 Pronunciation - po-l's

Word is a - Adjective

Root Word (Etymology)

Including the forms from the alternate pollos TDNT Reference 6:536, *

Outline of Biblical Usage 1) many, much, large

KJV Translation Count - Total: 365 AV - many 210, much 73, great 59, misc 23 Thayers Lexicon

Concordance Results Using KJV Strong's Number G4183 matches the Greek (polys), which occurs 367 times in 331 verses in the Greek concordance of the KJV Mat 2:18 In 1722 Rama 4471 was there 191 0 a voice 5456 heard 191, lamentation 2355, and 2532 weeping 2805, and 2532 great 4183 mourning 3602, Rachel 4478 weeping 2799 [for] her 846 children 5043, and 2532 would 2309 not 3756 be comforted 3870, because 3754 they are 1526 not 3756. Mar 5:23

69 And 2532 besought 3870 him 846 greatly 4183, saying 3004, 3754 My 3450 little daughter 2365 lieth 2079 at the point of death 2192: [I pray thee], come 2064 and 2443 lay 2007 thy hands 5495 on her 846, that 3704 she may be healed 4982; and 2532 she shall live 2198. Mar 10:22 And 1161 he was sad 4768 at 1909 that saying 3056, and went away 565 grieved 3076: for 1063 he had 2192 2258 great 4183 possessions 2933. Mar 13:26 And 2532 then 5119 shall they see 3700 the Son 5207 of man 444 coming 2064 in 1722 the clouds 3507 with 3326 great 4183 power 1411 and 2532 glory 1391. Luk 2:36 And 2532 there was 2258 one Anna 451, a prophetess 4398, the daughter 2364 of Phanuel 5323, of 1537 the tribe 5443 of Aser 768: she 3778 846 was of a great 4183 1722 age 2250 4260, and had lived 2198 with 3326 an husband 435 seven 2033 years 2094 from 575 her 846 virginity 3932; Luk 4:25 But 1161 I tell 3004 you 5213 of 1909 a truth 225, many 4183 widows 5503 were 2258 in 1722 Israel 2474 in 1722 the days 2250 of Elias 2243, when 3753 the heaven 3772 was shut up 2808 1909 three 5140 years 2094 and 2532 six 1803 months 3376, when 5613 great 3173 famine 3042 was 1096 throughout 1909 all 3956 the land 1093; Luk 6:23 Rejoice ye 5463 in 1722 that 1565 day 2250, and 2532 leap for joy 4640: for 1063, behold 2400, your 5216 reward 3408 [is] great 4183 in 1722 heaven 3772: for 1063 in 2596 the like manner 5024 did 4160 their 846 fathers 3962 unto the prophets 4396. Luk 10:2 Therefore 3767 said he 3004 unto 4314 them 846, The harvest 2326 truly 3303 [is] great 4183, but 1161 the labourers 2040 [are] few 3641: pray ye 1189 therefore 3767 the Lord 2962 of the harvest 2326, that 3704 he would send forth 1544 labourers 2040 into 1519 his 846 harvest 2326. Luk 14:16 Then 1161 said he 2036 unto him 846, A certain 5100 man 444 made 4160 a great 3173 supper 1173, and 2532 bade 2564 many 4183: Luk 21:27 And 2532 then 5119 shall they see 3700 the Son 5207 of man 444 coming 2064 in 1722 a cloud 3507 with 3326 power 1411 and 2532 great 4183 glory 1391. Act 6:7 And 2532 the word 3056 of God 2316 increased 837; and 2532 the number 706 of the disciples 3101 multiplied 4129 in 1722 Jerusalem 2419 greatly 4970; and 5037 a great 4183 company 3793 of the priests 2409 were obedient 5219 to the faith 4102. Act 17:4 And 2532 some 5100 of 1537 them 846 believed 3982, and 2532 consorted 4345 with Paul 3972 and 2532 Silas 4609; and 5037 of the devout 4576 Greeks 1672 a great 4183 multitude 4128, and 5037 of the chief 4413 women 1135 not 3756 a few 3641. Act 22:28 And 5037 the chief captain 5506 answered 611, With a great 4183 sum 2774 obtained 2932 I 1473 this 5026 freedom 4174. And 1161 Paul 3972 said 5346, But 1161 I 1473 2532 was [free] born 1080. Act 23:10

70 And 1161 when there arose 1096 a great 4183 dissension 4714, the chief captain 5506, fearing 2125 lest 3361 Paul 3972 should have been pulled in pieces 1288 of 5259 them 846, commanded 2753 the soldiers 4753 to go down 2597, and to take 726 0 him 846 by force 726 from 1537 among 3319 them 846, and 5037 to bring 71 [him] into 1519 the castle 3925.

Conclusion
The word great is a common word used that we may over use I feel enough that it is lost on us, what were saying, to be great can mean large, or be talking about the magnitude of something. Its a word we use to explain our feelings more and more I think, express ourselves, the bible uses it frequently.

Reward- Found in Matthew 5:12 Strongs G3408 - Transliteration - misthos Pronunciation - ms-tho's Root Word (Etymology)
Apparently a primary word TDNT Reference 4:695

Word is a -masculine noun

Outline of Biblical Usage

1) dues paid for work a) wages, hire 2) reward: used of the fruit naturally resulting from toils and endeavours a) in both senses, rewards and punishments b) of the rewards which God bestows, or will bestow, upon good deeds and endeavours c) of punishments KJV Translation Count - Total: 29 AV - reward 24, hire 3, wages 2

71 Thayers Lexicon

Strong's Number G3408 matches the Greek (misthos), which occurs 29 times in 28 verses in the Greek concordance of the KJV

Mat 10:41 "He who receives a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a prophet's reward. And he who receives a righteous man in the name of a righteous man shall receive a righteous man's reward. Mat 10:42 "And whoever gives one of these little ones only a cup of cold [water] in the name of a disciple, assuredly, I say to you, he shall by no means lose his reward." Mar 9:41 "For whoever gives you a cup of water to drink in My name, because you belong to Christ, assuredly, I say to you, he will by no means lose his reward. Jhn 4:36 "And he who reaps receives wages, and gathers fruit for eternal life, that both he who sows and he who reaps may rejoice together. Act 1:18 (Now this man purchased a field with the wages of iniquity; and falling headlong, he burst open in the middle and all his entrails gushed out. Rom 4:4 Now to him who works, the wages are not counted as grace but as debt. 1Cr 3:14 If anyone's work which he has built on [it] endures, he will receive a reward. 1Cr 9:18 What is my reward then? That when I preach the gospel, I may present the gospel of Christ without charge, that I may not abuse my authority in the gospel. 2Pe 2:13 [and] will receive the wages of unrighteousness, [as] those who count it pleasure to carouse in the daytime. [They are] spots and blemishes, carousing in their own deceptions while they feast with you, 2Jo 1:8

72 Look to yourselves, that we do not lose those things we worked for, but [that] we may receive a full reward. Rev 11:18 The nations were angry, and Your wrath has come, And the time of the dead, that they should be judged, And that You should reward Your servants the prophets and the saints, And those who fear Your name, small and great, And should destroy those who destroy the earth." Rev 22:12 "And behold, I am coming quickly, and My reward [is] with Me, to give to every one according to his work.

Conclusion
God created humans to be reward orientated, and respond to them, so to hear and read Jesus say it over and over in scripture taking about the rewards he gives, helps me look and appreciate rewards in a new way, even earthly ones. We need to meditate more on the eternal rewards and even the everyday ones was can receive from the Lord, then we will probably see how blessed we are more.

Heaven- Found in Matthew 5:12.

Transliteration - ouranos

Strongs G3772 Word is a -masculine noun

Pronunciation - -r-no's

Root Word (Etymology)

Perhaps from the same as (G3735) (through the idea of elevation); the sky TDNT Reference 5:497, 736

Vines
Outline of Biblical Usage
1) the vaulted expanse of the sky with all things visible in it a) the universe, the world b) the aerial heavens or sky, the region where the clouds and the tempests gather, and where thunder and lightning are produced c) the sidereal or starry heavens 2) the region above the sidereal heavens, the seat of order of things eternal and consummately perfect where God dwells and other heavenly beings

KJV Translation Count - Total: 284

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AV - heaven 268, air 10, sky 5, heavenly + 1537

Thayers Lexicon

Concordance Results Using NKJV Strong's Number G3772 matches the Greek (ouranos), which occurs 284 times in 264 verses in the Greek concordance of the KJV Mat 3:16 When He had been baptized, Jesus came up immediately from the water; and behold, the heavens were opened to Him, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting upon Him. Mat 4:17 From that time Jesus began to preach and to say, "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand." Mat 5:16 "Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works and glorify your Father in heaven. Mat 5:18 "For assuredly, I say to you, till heaven and earth pass away, one jot or one tittle will by no means pass from the law till all is fulfilled. Mat 8:20 And Jesus said to him, "Foxes have holes and birds of the air [have] nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay [His] head." Mat 11:23 "And you, Capernaum, who are exalted to heaven, will be brought down to Hades; for if the mighty works which were done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day. Mat 14:19 Then He commanded the multitudes to sit down on the grass. And He took the five loaves and the two fish, and looking up to heaven, He blessed and broke and gave the loaves to the disciples; and the disciples gave to the multitudes. Mat 16:1 Then the Pharisees and Sadducees came, and testing Him asked that He would show them a sign from heaven. Mat 16:2

74 He answered and said to them, "When it is evening you say, '[It will be] fair weather, for the sky is red'; Mat 16:19 "And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven." Mat 18:10 "Take heed that you do not despise one of these little ones, for I say to you that in heaven their angels always see the face of My Father who is in heaven. Rev 18:1 After these things I saw another angel coming down from heaven, having great authority, and the earth was illuminated with his glory. Rev 18:4 And I heard another voice from heaven saying, "Come out of her, my people, lest you share in her sins, and lest you receive of her plagues. Rev 18:5 "For her sins have reached to heaven, and God has remembered her iniquities. Rev 18:20 "Rejoice over her, O heaven, and [you] holy apostles and prophets, for God has avenged you on her!" Rev 19:11 Now I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse. And He who sat on him [was] called Faithful and True, and in righteousness He judges and makes war. Rev 20:11 Then I saw a great white throne and Him who sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away. And there was found no place for them. Rev 21:1 Now I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away. Also there was no more sea. Rev 21:2 Then I, John, saw the holy city, New Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. Rev 21:10 And he carried me away in the Spirit to a great and high mountain, and showed me the great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God, Conclusion Who can contain the heavens, but Him who created them and holds them together by His power. Saying that, only God has the full understanding and scope of heaven, but as we fathom it, and the different levels and heights of heaven, and even the great throne room, we can sit back in awe still in the simplicity of wonderment. Interestingly enough, is that the words sky and air can replace the use of the words heaven, which we probably dont thing on in our day to day lives much.

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4. Journals
Donovans Journal: As Jesus sits down to teach, His disciples came to Him. How is it that I respond when God desires to instruct me? Do I even perceive it? How does one recognize the intentions of Jesus when he is so distracted by pre-occupations? Lord, help me to recognize Your desire to speak to me, when I ought to stop what Im doing and come to you listening as an eager student. I come before you even now, asking you to teach me, and to strike me with the power of your word. The poor in spirit recognize who they are, and how dependant they are. Though many try in vain to make a name for themselves and imagine they can succeed in any capacity. Jesus scolded the Pharisees not because they were blind and ignorant, but because they claimed they could seeyet they were just blind guides leading the blind. It is only when one recognizes their own futility that they can truly be fruitful and glorifying to God, who gives all ability, blessing and success. It is right perspective of ones own condition that creates gratitude and the fear of God leading to wisdom and blessedness. Jesus knows our weaknesses and struggles, and does not leave us alone. When we realize our poverty, He consoles us by His very own spirit, the comforter. Knowing that we are poor, we look to the one who can sustain us, who for our sakes became poor, though he was rich. He identified with the plight of weak humanity and he says, Ive overcome if you depend on Me in your weakness, I will give you perfected strength. Meekness is the very core of who God is, though He is the most supreme, powerful, wise, sovereign being who resides over all His creation while continually sustaining it. If one is poor in spirit, recognizing his own weakness, they will recognize that all their strength comes from God, and so humility becomes natural and meekness becomes a question of stewardship. The meek possess strength from God, and therefor use of strength is for His purposes. The meek do not use their strength for self-promotion and gain, but to serve others. Those who display meekness will receive the benefits of Gods meekness, when Jesus inherits the earth and shares the governance of His inheritance with the meek. It is interesting that those who are blessed because of mourning when others would laugh and rejoice (v. 4) are also called to rejoice and be glad in persecution and suffering, when others would either mourn or become bitter and angry (vs. 10-12). It is a miraculous thing when one truly begins to love and desire those things which he used to hate (like holiness, rules, boundary lines, purity, and humility), and hate those things he used to love (sin and worthless activities). Hungering and thirsting for righteousness is joyful or happy holiness, and God is delighted to add grace to our desire, enabling us to walk uprightly and make Him smile. Our sanctification and the joy of being clean and pleasing before God is the very reward of the desire to. Those who do not desire to live holy will live with a defiled spirit void of life and peace. God delights in mercy, and naturally He delights in the merciful, who reflect his heart of love, forgiveness, and gentle kindness. It does seem implied here, and clear in the parable of the unforgiving servant that those who do not forgive will not be forgiven. Just as God does not begrudgingly hold anger forever, but is eager to show His kindness, he wishes that we do the same. The reward for mercy is mercy, we will reap what we sow. The pure in heart have surely experienced those changed desires, one who is happily and holy. I believe that it is those without any feeling of anger, hostility, bitterness, or forgiveness against ones neighbor

76 based on the preceding beatitudes. I also believe the pure in heart are those with singular devotion to God, those free from idolatry only those with clean hands, pure hearts, who have not lifted their souls to idols nor sworn falsely may ascend the mountain of God, stand in His Holy Place, and see His glory (Ps. 24:3-4). We will see Jesus again when He returns, then we shall be like Him, transformed into His likeness. Peacemakers are those given to the ministry of reconciliation. Just as Jesus was the great intercessor, who reconciles men to God and who reconciles heaven and earth, Jesus invites us into His peacemaking work causing those parties which were once at war to become united as one. This includes reconciling hostile men and people groups to one another, evangelism, and intercession (agreement with Jesus peacemaking work). Those who act as children, helping and participating in the Fathers work, will rightly be adopted by God and called sons of God. The persecuted follow a long succession of Holy men and women of God, of whom the world was not worthy, these have the unthinkable privilege of joining men like Abel, Enoch, Noah, Abraham, Moses, the prophets, the apostles, and the martyrs throughout history. Their righteousness will be remembered forever before God, and their reward will be eternal in both quality and duration, as they rule and reign with Christ in the kingdom of the heavens. The Kingdom of the Heavens begins with those who submit to and love the way of life and values (Matt 5-7, especially the beatitudes) of Gods heavenly kingdom (John 18:36, 2 Timothy 4:18). These are citizens of the heavens and are as strangers/ foreigners on the earth in this age. They do not fit in the culture, but are ambassadors of a holy culture from a heavenly city, that will arrive in a future age. Jacobs Journal: As I read though Matthew 5, over and over its as though youre walking right into an encounter with Jesus, or confrontation as it is with the most common cases. If you have every wondered what the mind of Christ is like this is a good place to start, a crash course in many ways it is into the mindset of Christ, and also ultimately the way the Father in Heaven thinks, because Jesus is revealing Him. When we talk about being poor in spirit, mourning, being meek, having hunger, to thirst, to be merciful, to be one pure in heart, and called a peacemaker, then find yourself one being persecuted. Wheres the glory here, is what we naturally want to ask? Without heavens perspective on what a blessing is were lost in this moment? I mean, we usually dont realize the gravity of what a blessing does here in earth, so to actually care what a blessing is and want to be pure in heart and poor in spirit and to even be like persecuted, and go through that, not knowing how we become blessed in persevering through such an occurrence! The Beatitudes are deep, with rich knowledge and understanding and wisdom, and they deserve great attention and should be taken to heart when read with the Joy of heaven and with the Fear of the Lord at the same time. We encounter the Kingdom of Heaven when we practice and walk out with in our individual lives the Sermon on the Mount and the Beatitudes with in it, and I feel I am inviting the presence of God and the Kingdom of Heaven into my life when I believe and walk them out. The Kingdom of Heaven is upside down from this world and all other worlds, and that helps me see the Beatitudes rightly and in a righteous way, encountering Gods heart. When I am going through the Beatitudes like I will be for the rest of my life, I find a great confrontation and encounter with the man Himself Christ Jesus, on every side were being confronted with ourselves. The first three Beatitudes really to me are reality checks and should cause self-examination of your life, to see yourself centeredness come out and needing to be delivered from it, and all the awareness of self that

77 comes along with that, and to see how it separates us from Christ and the His ways, the Kingdom of Heavens ways. We get confronted with the thought have how not emptied we are of ourselves in comparison to Jesus, and that something needs to happen from within to change this. What I am learning the more I look at the Beatitudes is what Jesus is saying and revealing, and how He is actually clarifying or giving greater understanding into the law of Moses, and to see how God has been actually repeating Himself over and over though history and scripture. To see how He has been speaking to His people in the same manner and addressing the same things over and over reveals those Kingdom of Heaven principles generation to generation, as to Abraham then to David, Solomon, and the prophets, then through Jesus, and now to us. Its shows how God truly never changes and is so constant but likes to give further insight from time to time on His word, in so inviting deeper and deeper into Himself, the Beatitudes are beautiful that way. I want to take a moment to write about the blessing of the rewards of Heaven, and to fathom what they could be or what this passage means? Now Jesus Himself loves talking about rewards for a reason I believe, because He created us and knows how we work and function and most importantly respond to rewards. So to see how the Kingdom of Heaven is very much set up on a rewards system is a pretty awesome thing, and then to actually go through scripture seeing or reading all that is spoken about in eternity and even to a smaller measure now that we can look forward to experiencing, especially through persecution and the darkness we must face in this world. Kyanahs Journal: There isnt much to translate, on this part of scripture but when I was working yesterday on the passage I felt like chapters 10-12 were also giving us a heads up on revelation and what is to come. 10Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness sake. 11Blessed are you when they revile and persecute you, and say all kinds of evil against you falsely for My sake.12 Rejoice and be exceedingly glad for great is your reward in heaven for so they persecuted the prophets who were before you. that time period could be a little reflection on what the end time would be like to warn and also encourage all believers. Even though He was speaking of then another thought I had was maybe those times happened to warn believer that this persecution will always happen it does not matter that you could have a time period of peace, persecution will always exists for those who believe in Jesus and know that He is real and we can be carriers of His presence and light just like in the verse after the beatitudes. Also, as I was working I realized that the crowd is like a little kid sitting at their fathers feet and trying to be like Him as He tells them how to model Him as He shows them the rules of His house and how everything functions under His rules. I wonder how He felt, if He was excited for the millennial kingdom to come so that He could see His children again and get the chance to just sit in front of them and show them how He loves them and how much all this is really true. Every time I read this all I can think about is my core leader asking me in the internship what does being poor in spirit mean? and what does pure in heart look like? and her telling my core group to pray and ask God about it. Every time I read this passage it puzzles me because I cant do any of these things. Then I realized, He wants us to strive for them because I believe that He know we can always do better than we try, we usually only give half of our effort and call it our all but in reality we dont know how much we can truly give, were always being stretched by God and we are always going to learn from Him we will never get tired of it. We can do everything in His strength and Im sure He will give us grace and patience. He knows my struggles and pains, especially with some of these blessings; part of me believes that He knew that when He was sitting on that hill that I would be taking this class, with my group and

78 writing this journal about what He was talking about. At the same time He was also smiling because He will later on show me where He was in the midst of everything and say look, remember when this happened? Thats when I cultivated this in you. Every day I wonder what Hes trying to show me whether to be a peacemaker or to be meek and choose to walk in His footsteps and go after His heart even though I do not feel like it. As I keep studying this I always end up remembering something different. One leader told me one time not just for verses 1-12 but just chapter 5 in general. The leader was talking about going the second mile and how Jesus latterly meant going a second mile that the Roman soldiers would tell the Jews to carry their armor for a mile. They had no choice and Jesus when He was talking about their actual lives and how if they had just got off work and were about to walk into their house and a roman soldier asked they had to or else. Even then Im not sure if I would be up for offering to go an extra mile carrying all of that armor because it had to be heavy. He wanted it to have an impact on them so that they would be able to make that connection. It wasnt just a parable but it was the story of their lives and it meant doing something for a roman soldier who could in turn hurt you or your family, who had control of your life in the palm of his hand and thought that it was your privilege to carry his armor. I am just trying to picture what the crowds faces looked like for that one. I bet Jesus was laughing a little on the inside because of that. While I was doing research I had found out that Jesus had just appointed His disciples, also He didnt talk until they came near Him, why? Did He want their comfort? Or did He want them to hear Him over all the other people because on day they would be teaching them the same concept in a couple years? Did He give them some special understanding? I mean they were His disciples and He spoke plainly to them but in parables to others. I feel like this was not a parable towards the people but more of a reality concept that the people needed and still need to grasp now a day. This message was not meant to be taken lightly its more of a in your face message I feel like. I wonder if the people ever realized the message that was preached to them, let alone whos mouth it was coming out of with all the bible translations that have happened, I wonder if these are His original words or it there is more? And what about His body language I know He was sitting but, I am sure His face conveyed love and compassion as well as urgency, I wonder if this has been hard for Jesus because its been so long or it its been a blink of an eye thats just passed and time has sped by. I never understood what vs. 4 meant by mourning, and I feel like it means blessed are those who mourn for Jesus to come and are pained by His not so much by His physical distance but those who are crying out waiting for Him to come and for Him to reign. When I think of this type of mourn I think of yearning and crying out for Him or the tears of those who have been wronged, and the people who go unnoticed by the vast majority those what get picked on and used by other people but no one ever seems to notice how they get treated or how they are just pushed aside. I think it means that they will be comforted because He hears their cry and sees their tears that fall, but in the end Hell come and justify them. Like in Revelation 6:9-11 where it is the fifth seal where the voices of the martyrs are crying out and He will avenge them and their blood. I wonder if thats what He was referring to and it was just confirmation of Revelation to come. Rabins Journal: Whenever I approach to the passage of the beatitudes and the sermon on the mount I start meditating on them remembering that they are the very way to live out the greatest commandments of Jesus as recorded in Luke 22 which are 'loving God with all of our being and loving our neighbor as ourselves.'

79 Jesus goes up on the mountain and begins teaching to His disciples: In verse 17 Jesus says I have come to fulfill the Law and the prophets. And the Law was given to Moses on mount of Sinai. Jesus actually was prophetically pointing to Moses' law by giving His commandments on a mountain. Blessed are those: It is the very peace and heavenly joy of those who enter into the Kingdom of God through the faith in Jesus and the relationship with the Holy Spirit. Being poor in spirit: We are all poor in spirit actually. But coming to recognition and being aware of our need for God not only for the things we can not do on our own but also for the things we are able to do on our own naturally in our daily lives. Being poor in spirit is the very first gate to reaching to the rest of the beatitudes as well as they have the full access to the sources of the Kingdom of Heaven as their reward. Those who mourn: It is the sorrow for the weakness of ours in the speak of the righteousness and power of God. It is basically the mourning for the things that actually grieve the Holy Spirit. Those who mourn will be comforted by the righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Spirit from the Father. Those who are meek: They are the people who are humble and obedient before the Father. They completely rely on and refuge in to the Father. They also use all of their resources for the good of others just like what their Lord Jesus has done and is doing. As the reward of it they will literally reign on the new earth when they reach to their inherit as the Lord appears. Those who hunger and thirst for righteousness: This is one of the most important beatitudes in Jesus' sermon. The basic necessity for a godly life is the hunger and thirst for righteousness. This hunger and thirst is actually found in Moses (Exo. 33:13, 18), Psalm writer (Psalm 42:2, 63:1), and Paul (Phl. 3:1011). Those who are not hunger and thirst will eventually die but those who are will be filled with abundant life. Those who are merciful: Those who are merciful are the ones who have a compassionate and ruth heart towards those who suffer because of sin or sorrow. Those who are merciful have a desire and burden to mend the pain and sorrow of those who suffer from sin and injustice. At the end they will receive full mercy of God on all the things they held in their lives. Pure in heart: Those who are pure in heart are diligent to please, glorify and become just like God by the enabling power of the Holy Spirit in the grace of God. Only those who are pure in heart will see God. This may refer to seeing God the Father or the Lord Jesus Christ in New Jerusalem. The peacemakers: As it mainly refers to reconciling people to God by the blood shed on the cross of Jesus, it also applies to the reconciliation between individuals, families, races and nations. Jesus is the great peacemaker by reconciling the whole humanity to God by His obedience and ministry on earth. Therefore those who are peacemakers are to be called sons of God. Persecuted ones: Persecution is the portion of those who seek to live in the full agreement and fellowship with the Word of God. Those who defend the truths, righteousness and purity of God while protesting and resisting the lifestyle of the perverted culture and even luke-warn believers (Rev. 2; 3:1-4, 14-22) will face critics, revilements, rejection and loneliness. Those who endure the persecution will be rewarded greatly in the coming kingdom of heaven.

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1. VS. 1-2: The Beatitudes a. Stott i. Jesus parallels Moses going un onto the mountain to give the law in ascending the mount. He sat down taking the posture of a rabbi or legislator, his disciples came to listen to his teaching. "He opened his mouth" indicates the solemnity of his utterance or teaching. (pp. 20-21) ii. These standards are meant for the Christian (disciple) only (p.33) iii. Primarily about a Christian's character or spiritual condition, a call to be different than the world. iv. A people are described, qualities are commended, and blessings are promised. v. The blessings are both present and future; tasted now and consumed later vi. Although happiness is part of what it means to be blessed (Makarios), he believes that it is insufficient because of happiness's subjectivity. Jesus is rather making objective statements about what God thinks of them and what they are: blessed, as elucidated by the promised reward.(pp. 21-29) b. Bonhoeffer i. Jesus is calling His disciple to come forth from the people and be radically different than the world (p. 108) c. Wesley i. Blessing men was a great purpose for which Jesus came. Knowing our pursuit of happiness, God directed it in the right direction. Jesus is directing men to the only place where true happiness can be found ii. Through this whole discourse we cannot but observe the most exact method which can possibly be conceived. Every paragraph, every sentence, is closely connected both with that which precedes, and that which follows it. (p. 407) d. Turner i. Jesus teaching on a mountain typifies and alludes to Moses ii. Crowd most likely present iii. The beatitudes highlight the character of a blessed person, and then explain God's promise to such a person. iv. Rewards are now in part, and will be consummated in the age to come v. Blessedness (Makarios) is much more than a subjective happiness, or just being the recipient of God's grace. It means to receive God's approval, endorsement, and congratulations. (p149) e. Barton i. The already-not yet paradigm of the kingdom must be understood for both the commands and promised rewards ii. Was primarily to the disciples, but there were also crowds listening (pp. 73-76) iii. They present a code of ethics and standard of conduct for all believers iv. Jesus demonstrates that He wants faithful and sincere obedience, not just ceremonial obedience and ritual. v. Present eternal kingdom values and demonstrate what authentic faith is vi. The beatitudes must be taken as a whole vii. Blessed means singularly favored and graciously approved by God viii. First four are God-centered, last four are neighbor centered ix. Sitting is the natural teaching position of a rabbi V. 3: Poor in Spirit a. Stott i. Poor in spirit means dependant on God, unable to save himself, or having no refuge but God. It is primarily talking about spiritual poverty, not material poverty. ii. Demonstrates the otherworldliness of the kingdom (pp. 38-40) b. Bonhoeffer i. The disciples are literally poor in every part of their lives; no security, possessions, home, earthly society, knowledge, power, experience, and have no hope other than Him who called them. ii. They will one day visibly enjoy the glory of the kingdom to which they are heirs, and in which they are storing up treasure. (pp. 107-108) c. Wesley i. Those who are penitent, convicted of sin, who see and feel the state they are in by nature, being deeply sensible of their sinfulness, guiltiness, helplessness ii. The present inward kingdom: righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost, as well as the eternal kingdom, if they endure to the end. (p. 407) d. Turner i. The poor in spirit have authentic spirituality, admitting total dependence on God for everything. ii. The promised kingdom blessings are partial now, fullness later. (pp. 149-150)

2.

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Barton i. Realise they cannot please God on their own. Unable to give anything of value to God, and thus depend on His mercy. ii. The final consummation of the Kingdom is future. The present tense reward for being virtuous is virtue. (p. 76) V. 4: Those who Mourn a. Stott i. Not primarily about mourning the loss of a loved one, but rather the loss of ones innocence, righteousness, and self respect. The sorrow of Repentance ii. Comfort comes through the free forgiveness of God, the Holy Spirit, and will be complete in the final state of glory (pp 40-42) b. Bonhoeffer i. Mourning for the world, its guilt, its fate, and its fortune. It is voluntary bearing of sorrow. ii. They will be comforted by fellowship with Jesus, their comforter(pp. 108-109) c. Wesley i. Either for their own sins, or for other men's, and are steadily and habitually serious. ii. Comfort more solid and deep than their mourning, even in this world, and eternally in heaven. (p. 407) d. Turner: i. Mourning is not only for sin, but because of afflictions and persecutions arising from allegiance to the Kingdom of Heaven based on Isaiah 61:1-2 ii. Will receive comfort by the anointed servant of Isaiah 61. (pp. 150-151) e. Barton i. Probably means mourning for sin ii. Only God can take away sorrow for sin, forgive, and erase it (p. 77) V. 5: The Meek a. Stott i. Means those who are gentle, considerate, courteous, and with self control. It is determined by a true estimate of ourselves (poor in spirit). A meek person is amazed that both God and man think of him and treat him as well as they do. ii. Inheriting the earth means having all things in Christ, as well as reigning with him in the age to come. (pp. 42-44) b. Bonhoeffer i. The meek are those who renounce all of their right in order to live for the sake of Jesus Christ ii. The meek will rule the earth in the kingdom of heaven coms when heaven descends (pp. 109-110) c. Wesley i. They that hold all their passions and affections evenly balanced ii. They shall have all things really necessary for life and godliness. They shall enjoy whatever portion God hath given them here, and shall hereafter possess the new earth, in which righteousness dwells. (p. 407) d. Turner i. Speaks of humility, but more specifically of those who have been humbled (by the injustice of the ungodly). Authentic meekness is an unassuming humility that rests in God (Ps. 37:7) and renounces self-effort to relieve one's oppression and to achieve one's desires ii. Will literally govern the earth in place of the present wicked rulers.(p. 151) e. Barton i. Humility and trust in God, gentleness. ii. Will enjoy a new heavens and a new earth (p. 77) V. 6: Those who Hunger and Thirst for Righteousness a. Stott i. Those who have spiritual hunger for a spiritual ambition, which is God's kingdom and righteousness. Righteousness is legal (right relationship with God through justification), moral (character and conduct that pleases God), and social (related to liberating other men from oppression and injustice. ii. Our hunger is only partially and temporarily filled in this age, but will be fully satisfied in the age to come, in the new heavens and earth in which righteousness dwells. (pp. 44-46) b. Bonhoeffer i. Disciples are taught to renounce their own righteousness as well, and long for the future righteousness of God. ii. They will be filled with the bread of life in the messianic feast, though they are sustained by the bread of life today as well (pp. 110-111) c. Wesley e.

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4.

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i. Desire for holiness ii. Will be satisfied with holiness (p. 407) d. Turner i. This verse probably alludes to Ps. 107:5, 9. The righteousness spoken of here must not be reduced either to personal piety or to social justice. In Matthew, righteousness language speaks of right behavior before God. Those who repent in view of the nearness of the kingdom long not only for personal righteousness but also for righteous living to permeate society as a whole (cf. Isa. 51:1-5) ii. Those who realize their lack in attaining right behavior before God will receive what they long for. Only when God's will is clone on earth as it is done in heaven (Matt. 6:10) will social justice be hilly achieved. (p. 151) e. Barton i. Intense longing to do God's will, personal righteousness. Also for righteousness in the world ii. God will satisfy spiritual hunger (p. 78) V. 7: The Merciful a. Stott i. Those who have compassion on others. It is God's nature and Character, which should be demonstrated by the citizens of His kingdom. It is concerned with forgiving others in the way one has been forgiven by God. ii. Those who forgive others for their sins will be forgiven for their sins and shown mercy by God (pp. 47-48) b. Bonhoeffer i. This is the renunciation of ones own dignity, taking on the needs and distresses of others rather then their own, and working for justice on others' behalf. ii. Their reward is that one day God will show them that same mercy. (p. 111) c. Wesley i. The tender - hearted: they who love all men as themselves ii. He will repay us a thousand fold, the love we bear to any for his sake. (p. 407) d. Turner i. pity plus action ii. Those who have experienced God's mercy will show it to others (Matt. 18:21-35) and so demonstrate their destiny as those who will yet receive mercy at the last day. (p. 152) e. Barton i. Generosity, forgiveness, compassion, working to alleviate suffering ii. The blessing of mercy from God is not contingent upon how much mercy we show (???), (p. 78) V. 8: The Pure in heart a. Stott i. Those who ponder God's word in their heart and obey it. One who is sincere and free from falsehood. Their whole life is transparent before God, and are inwardly clean. They are unwilling to hide anything or let sin grow in secret. ii. They see God now with the eye of faith and shall see His full glory in the hereafter. (pp. 48-49) iii. Includes the beatific vision, but also in this life through the person and work of Christ, as well as spiritual vision. (p.34) b. Bonhoeffer i. These have surrendered their hearts to Jesus completely, and are ruled by the will of Jesus ii. A pure heart can reflect the image of Jesus and be absorbed in contemplation of God free from defiling fantasies (p. 112) c. Wesley i. The sanctified: they who love God with all their hearts ii. Will see God in creation here, and ultimately in future glory (p. 407) d. Turner i. Internal integrity that manifests itself behaviorally. Characterized by inner piety and purity that flow from singleminded devotion to God and surpass mere externally acceptable behavior. ii. Seeing God is impossible in this life (Exod. 33:20), but prophetic visions describe seeing God as a part of the blessings of the world to come (Isa. 52:6; 60:16; Jer. 24:7; 31:31-34; 1 John 3:2; Rev. 22:4). (p.152) The promise that the pure in heart will see God may be an echo of Ps. 24:3-4 (cf. Pss. 51:10; 73:1) e. Barton: i. Pure, honest, sincere, single mindedly committed to God ii. Now through faith, later face to face (p. 79) V. 9: The Peacemakers

6.

7.

8.

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Stott i. They are workers for reconciliation through forgiveness. This even includes the work of reunion (uniting churches), and evangelism (reconciling sinners to God), although it should not be done to the neglect of purity in doctrine, conduct, or proclamation of the true Gospel including repentance and discipleship. (pp. 50-51) ii. No mention of what "they shall be called sons of God" means b. Bonhoeffer i. Renunciation of self assertion in order to suffer rather than cause suffering, maintain fellowship when difficult and inconvenient. ii. They are sons of God through partnership with Christ (p. 112-113) c. Wesley i. They that out of love to God and man do all possible good to all men ii. Called sons of God means they will be acknowledged as such by God and man (p. 407) d. Turner i. Being an active reconciler of people (cf. NLT's "those who work for peace"; Luke 2:14; 19:38; Acts 10:36; Eph. 2:14-18; James 3:18; m. 'About 1.12). Treating enemies well. ii. Jesus's reminder that peacemakers (not warmongers) have God's approval is sorely needed. Peacemakers will be recognized as authentic members of God's family when ultimate eschatological shalom finally dawns on earth. (pp. 152-153) e. Burton i. Those who actively seek to bring reconciliation. ii. Will be called sons of God because they reflect the fathers character 9. V. 10 The Persecuted a. Stott i. Persecution is not failed peacemaking, but the result of clashing value systems. It is because others will find the righteousness which one hungers and thirsts for to be distasteful and repulsive. Persecution is a beatitude like the other seven, and as such shows that persecution is equally a mark of normal Christian discipleship (p. 52) b. Bonhoeffer i. This is suffering for just actions, words, and judgements ii. The reward is the same as that of the poor, for in persecution they are equal in poverty (pp. 113-114) c. Wesley i. All that will live godly in Christ Jesus, shall suffer persecution (p. 407) d. Turner i. He warns his disciples that their upright behavior will receive similar persecution as He(cf. I Mace. 7:9; 14:38; 4 Mace. 9:29; 18:3; 2 Bar. 52.6; Matt. 5:44; 10:16-42; 13:21; 24:9-14; 1 Pet. 3:14; Hare 1967). ii. The chief marks of those who already live under God's rule are humility toward God and mercy toward people, and these will inherit the kingdom of heaven. (p. 153) 10. Vs. 11-12 a. Stott i. Persecution ought to be on Jesus's account, or because of one's loyalty to Him, His standards, His truth, and His righteousness. ii. To rejoice and be glad is completely opposite to retaliation, like an unbeliever would, or sulking like a child, to pity oneself like a dog, or to bear it like a stoic. The reason for such peculiar joy is because the reward will be great in heaven. Additionally, one become part of a noble succession of others who suffered for service to God. b. Wesley i. Men revile when one is present and say all evil when one is absent ii. There will be reward even beyond the happiness that naturally and directly results from holiness c. Turner i. Persecution is because of affiliation with Jesus. ii. The followers of Jesus must not simply endure persecution in a stoic-fashion. Rather, they are to experience it with deep joy, since in it they are identified with their Messiah, Jesus (cf. 10:22,25; 24:9), and continue in the train of the prophets who have been previously persecuted (cf. 23:29-39).13 What is more, they will experience great future reward (p. 154) d. Burton i. Persecution comes from imitating Jesus and His righteousness ii. Being glad means having deep, spiritual joy iii. Reward will make the persecution seem incomparably small (p. 82) a.

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6. Short Praise and Psalm: Be Blessed Beloved Heaven and Earth may pass away, the valleys may rise and the Mountains may fade away, but the Word of the Lord will last forever. See God, oh those pure in heart, and God will see you, Be meek and be blessed and inherit the earth, Be blessed oh you merciful ones and receive Blessed is the man who manifests Christ Blessed is the man who manifests the Word, Blessed are those who Hunger and Thirst for Righteousness, Blessed are those who mourn for their Bridegroom, Beloved you shall be comforted, For the name of the Lord is a blessing to all, Bless all who are in ear of His Word. For they shall know Righteousness. Blessed are the persecuted, Rejoice with gladness, May Peace follow all who are blessed, May all who find Peace share the blessing, For they shall be called Sons of God. Let the blessings flow to all as you manifest Christ, The Kingdom of Heaven is theres who are poor in spirit and persecuted, Righteousness shall follow there lips, And over flow from their hearts. He is your inheritance and You are His. His Words are more then words, They are of the Kingdom of Heaven. For your reward is great. You shall see His face. mercy.