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URBAN POPULATION
952 million people, or 77% of the population (of 1.23 billion) will live in urban areas by 2015
VARIATIONS EXIST AMONG THE MORE URBANIZED COUNTRIES IN THE DEVELOPED WORLD AND THE LESS URBANIZED COUNTRIES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD
URBANIZATION AND URBAN GROWTH - Urbanization: share of population that live in urban
areas. It could be a result of rural-to-urban migration, etc. - Urban Growth: refers to the overall growth in the population that lives in cities. - When national population grows, cities may grown even without the real shift/migration of people from rural to urban areas. - Third world urbanization mostly comes from ruralurban migration
Demographic Factors
THEORIES OF URBANIZATION & DEVELOPMENT KAPLAN ET AL. PP 433-440 AND PACIONE, PP 433-435 . .
Natural increase Birth rate minus death rate Migration Net migration = in-migration minus out-migration Rural-to-urban migration
For job opportunities outside the primary sector For education for children
Theories of development and underdevelopment Modernization Theory: Trickle-down of growth from large to smaller cities The developing countries are in a process of transition from preindustrial to industrial society, and are in the midst of a capitalist transformation: follows western industrial society Cultural changes are at work, the society will soon be westernized and will achieve a modern/developed status Dependency Theory: colonizers and colonies Role of Third World port cities in colonies to export natural resources World Systems Theory- Wallerstein Core, semi-periphery, periphery
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WORLD-SYSTEM THEORY
Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein
Sociologist, historical social scientist and world system analyst Draws from Marx Fernand Braudel Core-periphery
Core-Periphery Model
Globally, uneven economic development and distribution of power.
Interdependent
Core Semi-periphery Periphery
Other characteristics Core Controls the most advanced technologies High levels of productivity Low birth rate, low death rate, low infant mortality rates Periphery Socio-economic inequalities Historical experience of colonialism Semi-periphery exploits peripheral regions but are themselves exploited and dominated by center regions. A mix of both sets of processes
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CHARACTERISTICS
Core
Rich areas Diversified economies High levels of technology High wages Economic and political power
DEPENDENCY THEORY
Periphery Core-periphery relationship is problematic.
Poorer areas Narrow range of production Lower level of technology Lower wages Little economic or political power primary activity, raw material extraction
Semi-Periphery
Countries between core and periphery status Characteristics of both core and periphery
Economic exploitation of periphery Core growth is the result of exploitation Caused underdevelopment Periphery can only grow by separating from global capitalistic structure
Istilah peri merupakan kata sifat yang bermakna pinggiran atau sekitar dari suatu objek tertentu.
Sementara istilah urban merupakan istilah yang berarti sifat kekotaan atau sesuatu yang berkenaan dengan kota.
JENIS PEMBANGUNAN APA SAJA YANG MENJADI INCARAN PARA INVESTOR UNTUK BANGUN DI WILAYAH PERI-PERI ?
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HOUSING
Mengapa Developer menginginkan membangun Perumahan di wilayah Periperi ? Harga Tanah Yang murah Tenang
Prediksi lalulintas udara yang padat dimasa yang akan datang Pengembangan terminal baru dan jalur penerbangan yang baru Keamanan dari bangunan yang dapat mengganggu jalur penerbangan Jangkauan polusi suara terhadap kawasan terbangun
Tingkat kriminalitas kurang Akses yang baik untuk menghubungkan dengan kota lain Akses yang terjangkau oleh kendaraan
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BAGAIMANA PERKEMBANGAN PESAT PADA WILAYAH URBAN PERI-PERI DAPAT DIKENDALIKAN ? Menciptakan Sabuk Hijau pada wilayah Urban Peri-peri dengan tujuan: Mengendalikan pesatnya Perkembangan Perkotaan Mengendalikan terjadinya Towns-Merging Mempertahankan karakteristik lokal Wilayah Peri-peri
Settlements
CBD
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TERIMA KASIH