Basic Mathematics 1

BASIC MATHEMATICS
AFTERSCHO☺OL
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02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's
AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL
MATERIAL 1
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BASIC MATHEMATICS
Dr. T.K. Jain.
AFTERSCHO☺OL
Centre for social entrepreneurship
Bikaner M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
www.afterschool.tk, www.afterschoool.tk
www.afterschoool.tk
02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's
AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL
MATERIAL 2
11% of a number exceeds 7% of
the same by 18, then What is the
number?
• As we can see the difference is (11-7) = 4
• 4% is equal to 18
• Thus 100% should be equal to :
• 18/4 * 100 = 450 answer.
02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 3

If x is 90% of y, what percent of x is
y?
• Let us assume Y to be 100. thus X is 90
• Y is 100/90*100 = 111% of X. answer.

If the numerator of a fraction is
increased by 20% and its
denominator is decreased by 10%,
the fraction becomes
• Let us assume the numerator has become
: 120
• Similarly, the denominator has become
90.
• Thus the new fraction is : 4/3 of the
previous fraction. Answer.

The average weight of a group of
boys and girls is 38 kg. average
weight of the boys is 42 kg, and
that of the
girls is 33kg. If the number of boys
is 25, find the number of girls?
• 38 is the mid point, so take difference from both
the numbers. We get (42-38) = 4 and (38-33) =
5. thus the ratio of boys and girls is 5: 4. Thus
the number of girls is 4/5*25= 20 answer.
The average age of 10 boys is
l5years.Of this 3 boys having an
average age of 22 years left. What
is the average age of the remaining
boys?
• Total age = 10 *15 = 150

• 3 left out : 22*3 = 66 so remaining 150-66 =84
• The average of remaining =84/7= 12 years
answer.
The cost of carpeting a room 15
metres long with a carpet 75 cm
wide at 30 paise per metre is Rs.
36. The breadth of the room is
• Area of room = length * bredth

• Total length of carpet : 36/.3 = 120 meters
• Total area of carpet used :=.75 * 120= 90
sqmeters.
• Thus width of the room = 90/15= 6 meters.
Answer.
• (length = 15, width = 6 meters). Answer.
The length of a rectangle is
doubled while its breadth is halved.
What
is the percentage change in area ?
• Let us assume that length is 20 and width

is 10.
• Length is doubled = 40, but wideth is
halved = 5. new area is 200. Thus area
remain unchanged.
The length of a rectangle is
increased by 60%. By what percent
would the width have to be
decreased to maintain the same
area ?
• Let us assume the length be 100, width be 50.
We have new length 160. Thus new width is
5000/160 = 31.25. Thus there is reduction of
37.5% in the width. Answer.
A rectangular plot of land with an
area 600 sq.m is fenced, length of
fencing being 100 m. Length of the
plot is
• Area = length X bredth

• L + B = 50 (half of total fence, which is 100
meters) and L * B = 600
• The length and width are 30 and 20 respectively.
Answer.
A 5 m wide lawn is cultivated all
along the outside of a rectangular
plot measuring 90 m X 40 m. The
total area of the lawn is
• We can add lawn on either side of length and

width. We have new area 100*50 = 5000. The
area of rectangle is 90*40 = 3600. Thus area of
lawn is 5000-3600=1400 sq.m. answer.
Around a rectangular garden of
length 10 m and width 5 m, a road
I m wide is laid. The cost of
metalling the road at Rs. 200 per
sq. m is
• Let us add 1 meters on either side of

length and width. We get 12*7 = 84. the
area of garden is 50. Thus the area of
road is 84-50 = 34 sq.meters. The cost is :
34*200 = Rs. 6800 answer.
The area of a rectangular field is
52000 sq m This rectangular area
has been drawn on a map to the
scale 1 cm to 100 m. The length is
shown as 3.25 cm on the map. The
breadth of the rectangular field is
• The length is 3.25*100= 325 meters. The

width is : 52000/325= 160 meters. thus the
width is 1.6 CM answer.
What is the square root of .4?
• It is not .4, it is .40
• Thus square root of .40 is .632 … answer.

The cost of fencing a square
garden is Rs. 400 at the rate of Re.
I per metre. The area of the garden
in square metres is
• One wall is of 100 meters (because 4

walls are of 400 meters).
• The area of square field is : 100*100
• = 10000 Sq. meters.

If the side of a square be
increased by 50%, the percent
increase in area is
• Suppose the side of square 100

• Area : 100 * 100 = 10000
• Now we increase the side by 50% :
• 150 * 100 = 15000
• The increase is by 5000 or 50%.
• If both the sides are increased, the new are
will be : 150 * 150 = 22500 the growth is of
125% increase. Answer.
If the area of an equilateral
triangle is 24 .5 sq. m, then its
perimeter is
• Area of equilateral triangle

• = sqrt(3)/4 * side * side = 24.5
• Side *side = 24.5 * 4 / (sqrt (3)
• Side * side = 98 / sqrt (3) = 56
• Side = 7.52
• Perimter = 7.52 * 3 = 22.5 answer.
The ratio of the area of a square to that of
the square drawn on its diagonal is
• Let us assume the

side of square is 1. its
1 (side)
diagonal is sqrt (2)
• Area of square is 1, Sqrt(2)
then area of square
on diagonal is 2. Thus
the ratio is 1: 2
answer.

The base of a right angled
triangle is 5 metres and hypotenuse is 13
metres. Its area will be
• Altitude
• = sqrt (13^2 – 5^2)
• = sqrt (169 – 25)
• =sqrt (144) 13
• = 12
• Area = ½ * base *
height
• =1/2 * 5 * 12 5
• = 30 answer.

The area of an equilateral
triangle whose side is 8 cms, is
• Area of equilateral triangle
• = sqrt(3)/4 * side * side =
• =sqrt (3) / 4 * 8 * 8
• =27.3 approx. answer.

A room 5.44 m x 3.74 m is to be
paved with square tiles. The least
number of tiles required to cover
the floor is
• Let us find HCF 544 and 374. for this divide 544
by 374, we get remainder of 170, now divide 374
by 170, we get 34 as remainder, now divide 170
by 34, we get 0 as remainder. Thus one side of
tile should be 34 cm. the number of tiles is
(544*374)/ (34*34) = 176 answer.
The sides of a triangular board are 13
metres, 14 metres and 15 metres.
The cost of painting it at the rate of Rs. 8.75
per sq. m. is
• (13 + 14 + 15) / 2 = 21
• = sqrt((21-13) * (21- 14) * (21-15) *21)
• =84
• Total cost = 84 * 8.75
• = 735 rupees. Answer.
Area of four walls of a room is
77 square metres. the length and
breadth of the room are 7.5 metres
and 3.5 metres respectively. The
height of the room is
• 2(7.5*height) + 2(3.5*height) = 77
• 15 H + 7 H = 77
• 22 H = 77 or H = 77/22 = 3.5 answer.

The cost of papering the four
walls of a room is Rs. 480. Each
one of the length, breadth and
height of another room is double
that of this room. The cost of
papring the walls of this new room
is
• The cost will be 4 times, thus cost will be
1920 .

The length of a rope by which a
cow must be tethered in order that
she may be able to graze an area of
9856 sq.m. is
• Area of circle : pi * radius * radius

• Radius * radius = 9856 / (22/7)
• Radius = 56 meters. Answer.

The length of minute hand on a wall
clock is 7 cms . The area swept by
the minute hand in 30 minutes is
• Area of half circle = ½ * pi * radius * radius

• = ½ * 22/7 * 7 * 7
• = 77 sq. cm.
An equilateral triangle, a circle, a
regular hexagon and a square have
the same perimeter . Which one will
enclose the minimum area?
• Let us assume the perimeter to be 300
• Triangle : sqrt(3) / 4 * 10000 area = 4330
• Area of square = 75 * 75 = 5625
• Area of circle = 2pi *r = 300, r = 150/pi
• Area = (150 * 150 ) / (22/7) = 7159
• Area of hexagon = 6 *((sqrt(3) / 4 ) * 50 * 50 ) =6495
• Thus triangle has minimum area. Answer.
Four circular cardboard pieces,
each of radius 7 meters are placed
in such a way that each piece
touches two other pieces. The area
of the space enclosed by the four
pieces is
• There is a square and a circle. The area of
square is 14*14 = 196. The area of circle
is : pi*7*7 = 154
• Thus the area enclosed is 196-154= 42
sq.meters. Answer
Example:
Radius of a circle
=7
Side of a square
formed from the
midpoints of the
Area to
circles = 14 ( 7 +
calculate
7)

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BASIC MATHEMATICS

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 3

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 4

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 5

• Total age = 10 *15 = 150

• Area of room = length * bredth

• Let us assume that length is 20 and width

• Area = length X bredth

• We can add lawn on either side of length and

• Let us add 1 meters on either side of

• The length is 3.25*100= 325 meters. The

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 15

• One wall is of 100 meters (because 4

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 16

• Suppose the side of square 100

• Area of equilateral triangle

• Let us assume the

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 19

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 20

• =27.3 approx. answer.

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 21

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 24

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 25

• Area of circle : pi * radius * radius

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 26

• Area of half circle = ½ * pi * radius * radius

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 30

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 32

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 33

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 34

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 35

02/03/09 AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL 36

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