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lonic vs Covalent Bonding Lab Investigation Introduction Bonding occursto an atom in either an ionic or covalentbond. The reasonfor the

bonding for anatomto form a full octetshell,whicrr is is 8=eldcirorm uu1"nr'u4{lii{-.*J Duc;ll/_ 0.r. rvrrurJ ,/1f_, -=-=\=---\. "' ?--- ' -....---_ Ionicbonding a strongtondandhighmeltingpoint. has It hasa crystallattice "' thattransfers electrons canonly conduct and -:--= electricity whenqirr"rrdir ,f,"
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Covalentbonding has a weak bond and a low rn1fr moleculestructurethat doesnot conduct of this lab is to show which

types bonds (i\-i of formingdifferentelements. Hypothesis

Table 1: The Compounds to Chemical be tested Formula ted results of testin
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Hypothesis I , Ionic or Covalent

Covalent Ionic Ionic Covalent Ionic

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Hypothesis 2: High or Low Melting Point

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Distilled (pure) water Sodium Chloride Sucrose (sugar) Dextrose Sodium Sulfate

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NaCl CnHzzOu CoHrzOo NaSO+

Hypothesis 3: Will it Conduct electricity

No

Low Low
H i oh

Yes Yes No Yes

Low

Precedures: PART I: Melting point and Strength of Bonds l ' Aluminum foil was shapedinto a squargsmall samplesof each4 different compoundswere placedon aluminum. 2. Foil was placedon the ring standand heatedwith the Bunsenburner.
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3' Details were immediatelyreported,listing order of which compoundsmelted first o

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4. Foil was cooled down and washedoff in sink II z Electrical Conductivitv

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1. Small amountsof eachsamplewere placedin different wells of the plate 2. The dry compoundswere testedfor conductivity with the tester and recorded observations

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..- I'nf 'rr-J. Enough drops ofpistilled water dissolve to compound

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observati time used

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with distilled water after each uctivity testeq

Results: Name/Chemical Formula

{. r /'-l t ' -$ 0 r FINAL PART I: PART II: CONCLUSION? Conducted Melting Point (1-5; High, Med, electricitv? (ves/no) Ionic or Covalent Bonds Low?) Dry Dissolved

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Distilled (pure) w ater / HzO SodiumChloride/ NaCl (sugar)/ Sucrose CnHzzOn Dextrose/CrHrzOr r SodiumSulfate/ NaSOa

N/A No No No No

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Covalent Ionic Covalent Covalent lonic

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Yes
No No Yes

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Co n clusionz,fr/rr After the lab it was concludedtha!.AodiunlChloride and.dodiumpulfate were : l6nic,( o /

,lU ( y".egc :n,|. V-W\.^f ionic compounds were coffect exceptpucrbsq From the resultsrthe the initial hypotheses were those that conducted electricity in water and had high^-.lt1"gloints (strong bonds).

All se mpounds,whilerdrcrose.dextro andwalerw"r"pt,rutent compounds. of

Howeverthe covalentcompoundshad low melting points and did not conductelectricity

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in water.Ionic bondsare formed from metal cationsand non-metalsanionsso when they

Alexandria Lopez

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It is all about th.e learning Content Grade Rubric: Ionic e Con"i"rrt no"Oiog
Report Section Introduction and Hypotheses
The Introductioncovers all neededbackground knowledgeclearly and insightfully and introducesthe purpose of the lab. H;potheses are presented clearly. Methods usedin the experiment*g,-,-\ explainedpftuAen$ own word1S refly'ct and rvhat rvaspone in J,Cb accuratellqgly' All observations made during the experiment are neatly enteredinto a table. The table has a heading that describes what it contains.
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Proficient-3
The Introduction coversmost of the neededbackground knorvledgeunclearly and introducesthe purposeofthe lab. Hypothesesare Methods usedin the experiment are explainedin student's curn words and somewhat reflect u'hat was done in lab.

Belorv Basic-1 The Introduction coverssome of the neededbackground knowledgepoorly ald introduces the purposeofthe lab. Hl,potheses are

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Hypothr-ses are
Methods usedin the
e vn e r i m e n t o-o

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Use of Results

All of the regrh.s explainedlinthe

Conceptual Understandingof Types of Bonding

Response ciearly demonstratesan insightful & excellent understandingof bonding including ionic vs covalenttvpes.

Methods usedin the experlment are explainedin student's explainedin student's ou,n words and own rvordsand mostly reflect rvhat somewhat reflect rvas done in 1ab. what was done in lab with other errors. 60-80% obsr 4A-60yoobservations 2A-40oA observations made gifihg,the\ made during the made durine the experi{nent ard n$atl1' experiment are neatly experiment are neatly entered a lall.. into enteredinto a table. enteredinto a table. The table has The table has a Tire table has a heading that describes headingthat describes 'ivhat it contains. *'hat it contains. $,hat it contains. 60-80"4 ofthe results 40-60" ofthe results 2A-40'A oflhe results are incorporated and are incorporated and are incorporated and explainedin the erplained in the explained in the conclusion conclusion Response Resoonse Response does not demonstrates good a demonstates.aT-\ demonstratean understandingof uncl ear understandingof /1 \ bonding. Includes undersnndin$ 9,fl I bonding & doesnot someexplanationof bondingandpnll' I mention ionic vs ionic vs covalent basically expQl,z covalentbonding. bond types. ronlcvs cova.ient Response uses4 vocabularl' words correctly from the list on the left to help
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Use of Vocabulary stable. octet/full shell. ionic. covalent. sharevalencee-. transfer valence e-. eiectricily, crystal. cation. anion. ion. electrostatic atfraction, molecuje, etc.
Format and Grammar -double spacedrvith numbered pages -third person is used -no grammatical errors -subscripts are used u'hen appropriate -report sectionsutilize heaciings -Tablesand figures contain headings il'ith

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explanation

Response usesonlv 3 vocabularv u,ords correctly from the list on the left to help support their explanation

Response uses2 or fewer (or uses words incorrectly) vocabulary y9165 correctly from the iist on the left to help support their explanation

The conventions to the left are followed u'ith no mistakes

The conventions to the ieft are followed rvith l-5 mistakes

The conventions to the left are followed wlth 11-15 mistakes

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Overali G:
E"".,res: Andreu,.tarkin@animo.org 630-854-6g22

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