SMAART Vers. 7 Getting Started With Smaart 7

GettingStartedwithSmaartv7:BasicSetupandMeasurement
Thisguideisanintroductiontothebasicmeasurementandoperationalconcepts embodiedinRationalAcousticsSmaartv7.Whileinnowayanexhaustivestudy, thisdocumentservesasastartingpointforuserstofamiliarizethemselveswiththe fundamentalsofSmaartssingleanddualchannelcapabilities,andprovide instructionintheconfigurationandoperationofbasicmeasurementsetups. RegardlessofpastmeasurementexperiencewithpreviousversionsofSmaart,or otheranalysissystems,usersshouldtakethetimetofamiliarizethemselveswith theprocessofConfiguringSmaartv7forMeasurementdetailedinthisdocument. UnlikepreviousversionswhichassumedasimpletwochannelI/O,Smaartv7can interfacewithmultipleI/Odevicessimultaneously,eachwithmultipleinputand outputchannels.Accordingly,Smaartv7makesnoassumptionsaboutausers measurementrequirementsanduponfirstrun,beginsitsoperationunconfigured. Asinpreviousversionshowever,followinginitialsetup,Smaartretainsits measurementconfigurationforsubsequentsessions.
Pleasenote:inthecaseofthefree/publicdemoversionofthesoftware,theSmaart measurementconfigurationisnotretainedfromsessiontosession,andmustbe rebuiltforeachnewsession.Consideritpractice.
Thisguideassumesareaderwithabasicunderstandingofprofessionalaudio equipmentandengineeringpractices.Itconcludeswithalistofrecommended additionalsourcesofinformationwhereuserscanfurthertheirunderstandingof theseconcepts.

RationalAcousticsLLCisnotresponsiblefordamagetoyour equipmentresultingfromimproperuseofthisproduct.Besurethat youunderstandandobserveproperinputandoutputlevels, impedancesandwiringconventionsofallsystemcomponentsbefore attemptinganyofthemeasurementsdescribedinthisdocument.
Copyright 2010 Rational Acoustics LLC. All rights reserved. Rational Acoustics and Smaart are registered trademarks of Rational Acoustics LLC.
TableofContents
GETTINGSTARTEDWITHSMAARTV7:BASICSETUPANDMEASUREMENT ................1
TableofContents .................................................................................................................................................... 2 GettingStarted:LoadingandLicensingtheSoftware ................................................................................ 4 RecommendedComputerHardware ............................................................................................................................. 4 RegisteringtheSoftware ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 FundamentalConcepts ......................................................................................................................................... 5 SingleChannelvs.DualChannelMeasurements...................................................................................................... 5 TimeandFrequencyDomainAnalysis.......................................................................................................................... 6 FFTs .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Smaartv7sObjectOrientedProgramArchitecture ............................................................................................... 8 ConfiguringSmaartv7forMeasurements ..................................................................................................... 8 ConfiguringAudioI/ODevices ......................................................................................................................................... 9 ConfiguringMeasurementGroups ................................................................................................................................10 TheSmaartv7GUI(GraphicalUserInterface) .......................................................................................... 12 OperationModes...................................................................................................................................................................12 GUIOverviews........................................................................................................................................................................13 Navigation................................................................................................................................................................................14 SpectrumMeasurements .................................................................................................................................. 16 SpectrumControls................................................................................................................................................................16 RTA..............................................................................................................................................................................................16 Spectrograph ..........................................................................................................................................................................17 ApplicationExamples .........................................................................................................................................................18 TransferFunctionMeasurements ................................................................................................................. 21 Magnitude ................................................................................................................................................................................22 Phase ..........................................................................................................................................................................................22 Coherence ................................................................................................................................................................................23 TransferFunctionControls ..............................................................................................................................................23 LiveIR ........................................................................................................................................................................................24 DelayLocator/DelayTracking......................................................................................................................................25 ApplicationExample:SettinganEqualizerforaLoudspeaker.........................................................................25 DataManagement................................................................................................................................................ 28 ImpulseResponseMeasurements ................................................................................................................. 29 ImpulseResponseControls..............................................................................................................................................29 Log/Lin/ETCViews .............................................................................................................................................................31 FrequencyDomainView....................................................................................................................................................31 IRModeSpectrograph ........................................................................................................................................................33 Appendices ............................................................................................................................................................ 35 HotKeys(AcceleratorKeys)............................................................................................................................................35 SelfHelp:WheretogoforAnswers..............................................................................................................................36
RecommendedReading .....................................................................................................................................................36 Figure1:DualChannelvs.SingleChannelMeasurementsinTimeDomainvs. FrequencyDomain .......................................................................................................................... 7 Figure2:TransferFunctionsMTWvs.Single16kFFT .......................................................... 8 Figure3:OptionsMenu .......................................................................................................................... 9 Figure4:OptionsAudioI/O.............................................................................................................10 Figure5:GroupManagerButton......................................................................................................10 Figure6:TheGroupManagerDialogapowerfulinterfaceforconfiguring, controllingandadaptingourmeasurementsystem. .....................................................11 Figure7:InputButtoncreatesanewsinglechannelmeasurement. ............................11 Figure8:NewPaircreatesanewdualchannelmeasurementobject...........................11 Figure9:GroupTabViewsectionoftheGroupManagerdialogshowingliveaverage setup....................................................................................................................................................12 Figure10:TheSmaartv7InterfaceRealTimeMode ...........................................................13 Figure11:TheSmaartv7UserInterfaceImpulseAnalysisMode ..................................14 Figure12:PlotTypeSelectionforRealTimeModeDataWindows .................................14 Figure13:WindowLayoutButtonsforRealTimeMode ......................................................15 Figure14:PreSetViews ......................................................................................................................15 Figure15:SpectrumControlStrip...................................................................................................16 Figure16:GlobalSpectrumSettingsfromGroupManager ..................................................16 Figure17:SpectrumRTAScaleandAveragingAdjust.........................................................17 Figure18:SpectrographThresholds ..............................................................................................17 Figure19:SpectrographSettingsinSpectrumOptions .........................................................18 Figure20:SystemConfigurationforMonitoringFeedback..................................................19 Figure21:FeedbackDisplayedinRTAandSpectrographPlots.........................................19 Figure22:CombFilterInteractionPatternsViewedintheSpectrographPlot ...........20 Figure23:SystemConfigurationforInteractionStudy..........................................................20 Figure24:TransferFunction .............................................................................................................21 Figure25:TransferFunctionMagnitudeTrace .........................................................................22 Figure26:TransferFunctionPhaseTrace ...................................................................................22 Figure27:TransferFunctionCoherenceTrace.......................................................................23 Figure28:TransferFunctionControls...........................................................................................23 Figure29:Smoothing ............................................................................................................................24 Figure30:LiveIRSettings...................................................................................................................24 Figure31:LiveIRWindow..................................................................................................................25 Figure32:TFControlObject ..............................................................................................................25 Figure33:TransferFunctionSampleConfiguration.............................................................26 Figure34:InitialTransferFunctionMeasurementLoudspeakerandEQ ...................27 Figure35:TransferFunctionMeasurementInitialSpeakerResponse(Stored),EQ Trace(inverted)andEqualizedSpeaker.............................................................................27 Figure36:DataStorageStrip .............................................................................................................28 Figure37:Data"ToolTip"Information.........................................................................................28
GettingStarted:LoadingandLicensingtheSoftware
ToinstallSmaartv7onacomputer,theuserrunstheWindowsinstaller(for WindowsOSs)ordragsthesoftwareapplicationbundleintoyourapplications folder(MacOSs). RecommendedComputerHardware WhileSmaartv7willoperateonawiderangeofcomputerhardwareconfigurations, werecommendthefollowingminimumcomputerconfigurationfornew installations:

Windows
OperatingSystem:MicrosoftXP,VistaorWindows7(32&64bit) CPU:2GHzDualCoreIntelProcessororfaster(orcompatible) RAM:2GBorgreater Video:Graphicsprocessorwith128MdedicatedvideoRAM,minimum1024x600pixeldisplay SoundHardware:AudioHardwarewithOScompatibleASIO,Wav/WDMdrivers.
Macintosh
OperatingSystem:MacOSX10.5or10.6(LeopardandSnowLeopard) CPU:2GHzDualCoreIntelProcessororfaster(orcompatible) RAM:2GBorgreater Video:Graphicsprocessorwith128MdedicatedvideoRAM,minimum1024x600pixeldisplay SoundHardware:AudioHardwarewithOScompatibleCoreAudiodrivers.
RegisteringtheSoftware Followinginitialinstallation,onfirstrunofthesoftware,theuserispresentedwith anactivationscreencontainingthatcomputers10digitMachineIDandisasked foranActivationCodetoauthorizethisinstallation.ThisMachineIDisaunique codeforthatidentifiesthatcomputer.Likewise,theActivationCodeisauniquecode thatwillonlyworkforthecomputerwiththatMachineID(muchthesameas SmaartLivev5sPIC). Iftheinstallationisonacomputerthatisconnectedtotheinternet,theusercan choosetheActivateOnlineNowoptiontoacquirethenecessarycodeandactivate theinstallation.Otherwise,theusershouldmakenoteoftheMachineIDandaccess Smaartslicensingsystemathttp://my.RationalAcoustics.comviaanothercomputer toacquirethenecessarycodetoactivatethisinstallation. Ineithercase,theusermustentertheirSmaartv7licensenumber(20alpha numericcharacters:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX),andthepasswordfortheuser accounttowhichthelicenseisregistered.IftheSmaartv7Licensehasnotyetbeen registeredtoauseraccount,theusermustfirsteithercreateanewaccountand password,orchooseanexistingaccounttoregisteritto(i.e.yourSmaart6license account.)EachlicenseofSmaartv7allowsfortwoinstallationsofthesoftware. UsersmaypurchaseadditionalinstallationsforanylicensebycontactingRational Acousticsorauthorizedrepresentative.
Note:Smaartsoftwareislicensedtoasingleuserdefinedaseither asinglepersonorcompany.Allsoftwareinstallationsforagiven licensemustbeperformeduponcomputersownedbythatuser.
FundamentalConcepts
Dependingupontheapplication,operatingSmaarteffectivelyrequiresaworking understandingofwiderangeofsystemmeasurementconceptsandprofessional audioengineeringpractices.Whileitisoutsidethescopeofthisdocumenttocover themall,thissectionhighlightsafewcriticalconceptsthatwillsignificantlyassistin understandingSmaartv7soperationanditsapplication. Thisdocumentincludesanappendiceswhichhasalistofrecommendedadditional sourcesofinformationwhereuserscanfurthertheirunderstandingofthese concepts. SingleChannelvs.DualChannelMeasurements Initsessence,Smaartperformstwodistincttypesofmeasurement:singlechannel (signalanalysis)anddualchannel(responseanalysis). Singlechannelmeasurementsexamineasignalatsinglepointinasystem,andcould bestbedescribedassignalanalysismeasurements.Theseoperationsquantify aspectslikesignallevelandfrequencycontent,andappearinSmaartasSpectrum (RTAandSpectrograph)andSPLmeasurements.Withsinglechannel,theuser acquiresasignalviaanelectricalprobe(signalsplit)oranacousticalprobe (microphone),andexaminesthecontentofthatsignaldirectly.Singlechannel methodsprovideanabsolutemeasurement,andhelptoansweranengineers questionslikehowmuch1kHzenergyisinthatsignal?whatisthatfrequency? orwhatistheSPLatthisplaceinthevenue?. Dualchannelmeasurementscomparetwosignalsinordertoexaminethe relationshipbetweenthem.InSmaartsimplementations,wecomparetheinput signalofasystem(reference)toitscorrespondingoutputsignal(measurement)to examinewhatthesystemisdoingtothesignalsthatpassthroughit.Thesecould bestbedescribedassystemresponsemeasurements,andinSmaart,werelyon dualchannelmethodstomeasurebothasystemsfrequencyresponse(transfer function)andimpulseresponse.Dualchannelmethodsprovidearelative measurement(inputvs.output),andhelptoanswerquestionslikewhatisthe crossoverfrequencyinoursystemhowmuchboost/cut?orwhenistheenergy frommymainspeakerarrivingatthemic? Bothtypesofmeasurement,singleanddualchannel,areextremelypowerfultools fortheaudioengineerwhounderstandstheirindividualstrengthsandweaknesses
whounderstandwhattheyaremeasuring,andjustasimportantly,whattheyare not.Fartoooften,baddecisionswhenusingananalyzeraretheresultofengineers confusing/conflatingthesemeasurementtypes. InSmaartv7,themeasurementprocessbeginswiththegroupconfiguration processwherewedictatewhatsinglechannel(Spectrum)anddualchannel (Response)measurementswewishtouse. TimeandFrequencyDomainAnalysis AbasicunderstandingoftherelativestrengthsanddifferencesbetweenTimeand FrequencyDomainanalysisiscriticaltoleveragingthemeasurementpower presentedinSmaart.Asproblemsolvingengineers,theabilitytoexaminea measurementfrommultipleperspectives(domains)isextremelyusefulinthe processofanalyzingasignalorsystemresponse.EachofSmaartv7sprimary modesofoperation(RealTimeandImpulseAnalysis)includebothTimeand FrequencyDomainmeasurementviews. TimeDomainanalysisrefersexaminingoursignalsandsystemresponseovertime. Atimedomainplot(amplitudevs.time)ofasignalprovidesaviewofthewaveform acriticalviewforsoundeditors.Atimedomainviewofasystemresponse (impulseresponse)showsthesignaldelaythroughthesystem,andwhetherany latearrivingmultiplesofthesignal(reflections/reverberence)arepresent. FrequencyDomainanalysisreferstoexamingoursignalsandsystemresponses overfrequency.Afrequencydomainplot(amplitudevsfrequency)ofasignal providesaviewofitsspectrumanextremelyhelpfulviewwhenidentifyingtonal contentorlookingforfeedback.Afrequencydomainviewofsystemresponse (transferfunctionorfrequencyresponse)providesanexcellentlookatthetonal responseofasystemaswellasitstime/phaseresponsebyfrequency. Inthefigurebelow,anexcellentexampleofthepowerofutilizingbothtimeand frequencydomainviewsforexaminingsystemresponseisclearlydisplayed.The FrequencyResponsemeasurementdepictsaresponsewithaseriesoflinearly spaceddipsandpeaksinitsmagnitudetrace(lowertrace).Howeverthatrippleis thesymptomthecauseofthisripplecanbeclearlyseenintheTimeDomainview ofthesystemresponseanobvioussecondarrivalintheimpulseresponseisthe sourceofthecombfilterrippleseeninfrequencydomain.
Figure1:DualChannelvs.SingleChannelMeasurementsinTimeDomainvs.FrequencyDomain
FFTs SmaartusesFastFourierTransforms(FFTs)andInverseFourierTransforms(IFTs) totranslatedatabetweenTimedomainandFrequencydomainviews.Ineffect,an FFTtakesasectionofaTimedomainwaveformandprovidesthefrequencycontent ofthatselectedpieceofsignal.Whilearigorousunderstandingofthismathematical processesisnotrequiredtooperateSmaart,itisusefultoappreciatetheinversely proportionalrelationshipbetweendatainthetwodomains,whereFrequency Resolution=1/TimeConstant(FR=1/TC).Inotherwords,toincreasethe resolutionofspectrumdata,onemustuselargertimeslicesoftheinputsignal. OfparticularnotehereisSmaartv7sdefaultFFTsettingforTransferFunction measurements,MTW(MultiTimeWindow.)InsteadofusingoneFFTofasingle fixedlength,MTWusesmultipleFFTsofdecreasinglengthwithincreasing frequency.Thisefficientprocessprovidestransferfunctiondatawithaconsistent resolutionofgreaterthan48thoctaveabove60Hzwithacoherencefunctionthatis increasinglysensitivetolatereflectivedatainthehigherfrequencies.Thefigure belowshowsacomparisonofthesametransferfunctionmeasurementmadewith MTWvs.asingle16kFFTsettings.NoticethatMTWFFThasbetterresolutioninthe LFwhilethe16ktracehasexcessresolutionintheHF.
Figure2:TransferFunctionsMTWvs.Single16kFFT
Formoreinformationonthissubject,anindepthtreatmentofFFTscanbefoundin theSmaartLiveTechNoteFFTFundamentals. Smaartv7sObjectOrientedProgramArchitecture OneofthemostpowerfulaspectsofthenewSmaartv7platformisitsobject orientedprogramarchitecture.Effectively,theprogramisbuiltofmanyindividual codemodulesthatarerunasindependent,interrelatedprograms(objects). Dataacquisitionishandledbytheinputmodule(s),singlechannelanddualchannel measurementsarehandledbyindividualspectrumandresponseobjects,andthe graphingandGUI(graphicuserinterface)aretheirownseparateobjectsaswell. Thisarchitecturecreatesameasurementenvironmentthateasilyscalabletoa usersindividualrequirements.Ineffect,youcanrunasmanysimultaneoussingle channel(spectrum)anddualchannel(response)measurementsasyourPCand audioI/O(Input/Output)hardwarewillallow. ThisalsomeansthatSmaartsmeasurementplotsareseparateobjectsfromthedata theygraph.Theimmediatebenefitofthisrelationshipistheusersabilitytochange displayparameters(smoothing,banding,spectrographrange,coherenceblanking, tracecolor)ontheflywithouthavingtorecalculate/remeasurethedataforthe newdisplayparameters.
ConfiguringSmaartv7forMeasurements
ThemeasurementprocesswithSmaartv7beginswiththeconfigurationofsingle channel(spectrum)anddualchannel(response)measurements.Thissection detailstheprocessandfunctionsinvolvedinconfiguringthesoftwarefor measurement.

UnlikepreviousversionsofthesoftwarewhichassumedasimpletwochannelI/O, Smaartv7caninterfacewithmultipleI/Odevices,eachwithmultipleinputand outputchannels.Accordingly,Smaartv7makesnoassumptionsaboutausersI/O capabilitiesandmeasurementrequirements,andsouponfirstrun,beginsitsinitial operationunconfigured.Asinpreviousversionshowever,followinginitialsetup, Smaartretainsitsmeasurementconfigurationforsubsequentsessions.

Note:inthecaseofthefree/publicdemoversionofthesoftware, Smaartsmeasurementconfigurationisnotretainedfromsessionto session,andmustberebuiltforeachnewsession.
Smaartv7isabletoacquireinputsignalsfromanydeviceswith.wav,CoreAudio,or ASIOdriversthatarerecognizablebythecomputersOperatingSystem(OS).Infact, itcangrabmultiplesignalsfrommultiplesourcessimultaneously.(Note:onlyone ASIOsourcecanbeaccessedatatime) WhenSmaartv7starts,theuserispresented withthissplashscreen.Whilethisis displayed,SmaartcheckstoseewhatI/O devicesareavailabletoyourOS.Itishere thatSmaartbuildsitslistofinputdevices, andonceadevicehasbeendiscovered,it willcontinuetoshowupforconfigurationin subsequentrunsevenifitisnotconnected atlaterstartups.
Note:WhileanI/OdevicemayshowupinSmaartslistofconfigurable devices,itmustbeconnectedtoyourcomputeratthetimeofstartup tobeaccessibleduringprogramruntime.
ConfiguringAudioI/ODevices Whilethisconfigurationisnotrequiredtousedevicesincreatingandperforming measurements,I/Odevice(s)canbeconfiguredbytheuserintheI/OOptions dialog.Thisconfigurationcomprisesadjustingthedevicessamplerate,bitdepth, andassigningthedeviceanditschannelsfriendlynamesnamesthathelpusers identifysignalsanddevicesastheyconfiguretheirindividual measurements. TheAudioI/OOptionsDialogueisaccessedviatheOptions Menuorbyusingthehotkeycommand[Opt+A](HotKeysare Smaartsbuiltin,keyboardbasedcommands).
Figure3:OptionsMenu
Options:AudioI/Odialog Userselectsdevicefromthedropdown list(populatedatstartup). Usercanassignfriendlynamestothe deviceandindividualchannels.

Note:Remembertopress[enter]after typingfriendlynames,ortheywillnotbe retained.
Figure4:OptionsAudioI/O
ConfiguringMeasurementGroups ToperformmeasurementswithSmaartv7,ausermustconstructtheir measurementconfiguration.Remember,insteadofafixedmeasurementtopology, Smaartv7sobjectorientedarchitectureallowsausertoconfigureasmanysingle channel(Spectrum)anddualchannel(Response)measurementobjectsasthey wishfromtheAudioI/Ochannelsavailable.Moreover,thesemeasurementscanbe runeitherindividuallyorsimultaneously,dependingupontheusersrequirements. Inordertostructureandmanageourconfiguration,weorganizeour measurementsintoSpectrumandResponseGroups.Thisis accomplishedintheGroupManagerOptionsDialogwhichisaccessed eitherviaOptionsMenu,byusingthehotkeycommand[Opt+G],or Figure5:Group ManagerButton byclickingontheGroupManagerbuttonlocatedinthemeasurement controlsareaoftheuserinterface.
FromtheGroupManagerDialog,auserdefinestheirmeasurementobjectsand organizesthemintogroups. Theleftsideofthisdialogis dedicatedtoatreeviewof themeasurement configuration.Hereone views/creates/copies/deletes SpectrumandResponse groupsandviewsthe individualmeasurements assignedtoeach. Thistreealsoactsasthe navigation/selectorforthe GroupTabViewontheleft Figure6:TheGroupManagerDialogapowerfulinterfacefor configuring,controllingandadaptingourmeasurementsystem. sideofthisscreen. Onceagrouphasbeencreated,ausercanselectitfromthetreeandadda measurementtothegroupbyclickingontheNewInput(Spectrum)orNewPair (Response)button. Figure8:NewPaircreatesanewdual channelmeasurementobject. Whenconfiguringanewsinglechannel measurementwithinaSpectrumgroup,theuserselectsthedesiredI/Odeviceand inputchannel.Whenconfiguringanewdualchannelmeasurementwithina Responsegroup,theuserselectsthedesiredI/Odeviceandameasurementanda referencechannelforthatobject.Inbothcases,thedropdownmenuswillshow friendlynamesforthedeviceandinputchannelsthatwereconfiguredforthat device.
Note:Meas.AndRefchannelsforaResponsemeasurementmustbe selectedfromthesameI/Odevice.
Figure7:InputButtoncreatesanew singlechannelmeasurement.
FromtheTabViewsectionoftheGroup Managerdialog,ausercanorganizeeach measurementgroup;adjusttheorderthat eachappearsinonthemainUI,changethe selectedinputsignals,set/changethe nameandcolorforeachtrace,and configureliveAveragemeasurements (usingtheNewAveragebutton.)Live Averagesaremeasurementswhichare Figure9:GroupTabViewsectionoftheGroup calculatedfromaveragesofotheractive Managerdialogshowingliveaveragesetup measurementsinthatgroup. EachmeasurementobjectconfiguredintheGroupManagerDialogisbasicallya completeSmaartmeasurementengineinitselfeachwithitsowndefinablesetof measurementparameters.Consequently,eachobjectinthegrouphasitsownTab inthisviewwhereuserscanaddressthoseindividualmeasurementparametersif required.Theglobalandindividualcontrolofmeasurementparametersfromwithin theGroupManagershallbecoveredinmoredetailforeachtypeofmeasurement laterinthisdocument.
Note:Whileitisrelativelyeasytoconfigureandsimultaneouslyrun multipleresponsemeasurements,itisHIGHLYrecommendedthatnew (andevenexperienced)usersstartwithsimpleconfigurationsand buildupslowlyastheygetusedtomanagingmultiplesimultaneous measurements.
TheSmaartv7GUI(GraphicalUserInterface)
ThissectionprovidesabasictouroftheSmaartv7userinterfaceandreviewsits primarynavigationaltoolsandconcepts.Asthefeaturesetandfunctionalityofv7 expands,thiswillalwaysbeanareaofcontinualenhancement,however,the standardlayouts,navigationtoolsandparadigmsdetailedherewillstillpersist. OperationModes Smaartoperatesintwodistinctmeasurementmodes:RealTimeandImpulse Response.Whilebothmodeshavetheabilitytoactivelymeasureanddisplay frequencydomainandtimedomaindata,thefundamentaldistinctionbetweenthese modesistheiroperationalfocus.RealTimemodeisdesignedasanenvironmentfor efficientlymeasuringandcapturingspectrumandresponsemeasurementsoften inmultiplesspecificallyoptimizedforinsitusystemalignmentandmix engineeringwork.ImpulseResponsemodeisdesignedtoprovidearobustand intuitivesetoftoolsformeasuringandexaminingtheacousticalresponseof systemsandenvironments.Smaartv7sImpulseResponsemodehasbeen
significantlyexpandedfrompastversions(andwillcontinuetoexpand)toinclude muchofthefunctionalityfromtheSmaartAcousticToolssoftwarepackage. GUIOverviews ThegenerallayoutoftheGUIforRealTimeandImpulseResponsemodes:
Figure10:TheSmaartv7InterfaceRealTimeMode
Figure11:TheSmaartv7UserInterfaceImpulseAnalysisMode
EachmodecontainsaControlStripontherightsideoftheinterface,andtheReal TimemodeincludesaDataStorageareaonitsleftside.Themajorityofeachmodes GUIhoweverisdedicatedtotheplotarea.Theuppermostportionofthissectionis devotedtoacursorreadoutthatdisplaysthecoordinatesofthemousecursorin amplitude,frequencyortimeunits,dependingonthecharttype,whenthemouse cursorispositionedoveranyofthemaindataplots. Navigation Therearethreebasicelementsinnavigating,controllingandconfiguringSmaartv7: GUIviamousecontrols,menus/optiondialogs,andhotkeys.Inmostcases,thereare multiplewaysofcontrollingthesamefunctionthisisparticularlyimportantfor usecaseswhereonemethodispreferableoveranother(e.g.auseroperatingona tabletcomputerwherekeyboardcontrolarenotconvenient.)Acomplete,current listingofthehotkeyfunctionsisalwaysavailableinthesoftwareshelpfiles. Thatsaid,Smaartv7sGUIisbuiltformousebasedcontrolas itsprimaryinteractionmodeeitherthroughbuttonsanddata fieldsinthecontrolstripanddataareas,orthroughclickand dragcontrolsinthedataplotareas.Manyofthevarious controlsforeachmodewillbecoveredinthespecificsections ofthisdocumentthatdealwiththespecificmeasurementtypes. Figure12:PlotTypeSelectionfor Herehowever,wewillcoverthecontrolsthatdeal RealTimeModeDataWindows specificallywithmeasurementandmodeselection,and viewcontrol.
MeasurementSelection: Inthedatawindowsforbothmodes,theusercanselectthemeasurement/plottype thatisdisplayedineachwindowbyselectingadropdownmenufromtheplottype labelintheupperleftcorneroftheplot. WindowLayoutSelection: Layoutselectorbuttonsinthecontrolstripsetthe numberofdatawindows(1or2)andinthecaseof TransferFunctiondisplays,toggledisplayofthe optionalliveimpulseresponse(LiveIR)display. Figure13:WindowLayoutButtons Whenoperatingwithasplitdisplay,oneofthetwo forRealTimeMode mainchartsisconsideredtheactive,orselectedchart. Thecolorofthemarginssurroundingtheplotindicateswhichofthetwois currentlyselected.
Note:TheControlStripandDataStorageareasintheRealTimeMode alwayscorrespondwiththeactivedatawindowmeasurementtype.
DirectlyabovetheWindowLayoutbuttonsintheRealTime Modearetwobuttonsthatrecallstandard,preset measurementviews.TheSpectrumbuttondisplaysasingle Figure14:PreSetViews plotwindowwithRTAasthechosendatatype.TheTransfer buttonsswitchestoatwowindowdisplaywithPhasedisplayedintheupper windowandMagnitudeinthelower. ModeSelection: UserscantogglebetweenmeasurementmodesusingeithertheModebuttonsinthe controlstrip,viatheModemenu,orbyusingthe[I]and[R]hotkeys. Zooming: Userscanzoominanyofthedatawindowsbyusingarubberbandzoombyeither holding[command]+(leftbutton)clickinganddragging,or(rightbutton)clicking anddraggingazoomareaontheplot.Hotkeysarealsoavailableforzoom commands.
Note:ClickingontheX(horizontal)orY(vertical)axisofanydataplot willresetitszoomrangestodefault.
SpectrumMeasurements
SmaartssinglechannelSpectrummeasurementsallowausertoexaminethe spectralcontentofaudiosignalsthroughouttheirsystem.Thesemeasurementsare extremelyusefulinmanyapplications,includingthelocationoffeedback frequenciesinsoundreinforcement,noiseandsoundexposuremeasurements, cinemasystemoptimization,aswellasgeneralsignalmonitoringtasks. DatafromSmaartsSpectrummeasurementsareviewableasastandardRTA(Real TimeAnalyzer)plots,orgraphedovertimeinathreedimensional(levelvs. frequencyvs.time)Spectrographplot.
SpectrumControls Onceconfigured, individualSpectrum measurementsappearas elementsintheSpectrum controlstrip.Here,the usercanchoosewhich measurementstoactively run ,monitortheinput levelofthesignal,and show/hidethetrace. Figure15:SpectrumControlStrip GlobalSpectrum Settings: Bydefault,allSpectrumobjectsusethesameglobal,userconfigurable measurementanddisplayparameters(FFT,Averaging,WeightingandScale).The globalScaleandAveragingsettingscanbeadjusteddirectlyfromtheSpectrum ControlStrip,whileallglobalsettingscanbeaddressedintheGroupManager dialog. Moreover,Averagingand Weightingcansetseparatelyfor eachmeasurement(ifdesired) intheindividual Figure16:GlobalSpectrumSettingsfromGroupManager measurementstabinthe GroupManagercontrols. RTA Therealtimeanalyzer,orRTA,isafamiliartooltoaudioprofessionals.Byadjusting thescaleandaveraging,auserisablerefinetheirmeasurementsresolutionand responsivenesstofitthetaskathand.
Figure17:SpectrumRTAScaleandAveragingAdjust
Spectrograph WhiletheRTAhashistoricallybeen,byfar,themostcommonlyusedviewofa Spectrumforprofessionalaudioengineers,anotherwayofdisplayingthisdatais extremelyilluminatingandhas beencommonlyappliedforyears inthefieldsofvoicerecognition, vibrationanalysisand underwateracoustics(on submarines).Smaarts Spectrographdisplay(or Spectrogram,asitismore generallyknown)isaplotofa signalsspectrumovertime.This hybriddisplaygraphsa continuousseriesofSpectrum measurementswithfrequencyon oneaxis,timeonanother,and levelindicatedbythetracecolor. InSmaart,thisgraphis Figure18:SpectrographThresholds fundamentallygovernedbysetting thethresholdlevelatwhichdatabeginstoappearonthegraph.Whenafrequency bandinthespectrumisoverthelowerthreshold,itshowsupontheplot,starting withadarkbluecoloratlowerlevels,andtransitioningthroughgreen,yellow,
orangeandredwithhigherleveleventuallyshowingupaswhiteifthelevel reachesorexceedstheupperthreshold. Thekeytocreatingausefulspectrographisinsettingthedynamicrangeforthe displayinsettingthethresholdsforshowing/hidingthespectraldata.Setthe rangetoowideandthedisplaylosesdefinition,andimportantfeaturesmaygetlost. Setittoonarroworthelowerthresholdtoohighanddatamightgetmissed altogether. OneofthepowerfulnewfeaturesinSmaartv7istheThresholdAdjustmentHandles thatareavailableontheleftaxisofRTAandSpectrographplots.Withthese controls,ausercanadjustspectrographthresholdsdynamicallywithouthavingto reacquirethedata. Moreover,Smaartv7s spectrographretainsahistoryof thelastxslices(spectrum measurements),andausercan scrollthedisplaybackthrough olderdatainthehistoryifithas Figure19:SpectrographSettingsinSpectrumOptions passedoffofthedisplay.Auser canaccessandadjustthesizeofthishistoryfile,aswellasthedisplaywidthfor eachslice,intheSpectrumOptionsdialog.
Note:Smaartonlygraphsdatafromtheactivespectrum measurementevenifmultiplesinglechannelmeasurementsare runningsimultaneously.
ApplicationExamples Whatfollowsaretwoexamplesofspectrummeasurementsusedincommon,real worldapplications.ThefirstusesbothRTAandSpectrographforexamining frequencycontentspecifically,inidentifyingfeedbackfrequencies.Thesecond usesthespectrographtoexamineinteractionpatterns(combfiltering)thatare causedbydirectsoundinteractingreflectionswithnearboundaries. FeedbackIdentification: Inthisexample,avocalmicrophoneisroutedthroughasimplesoundsystem.For ourSpectrummeasurementweacquiretheoutputsignalofthemixingconsole.
Thevocalmicgainis raiseduntilweget feedback.
Figure20:SystemConfigurationforMonitoringFeedback
Figure21:FeedbackDisplayedinRTAandSpectrographPlots

Thefeedbacktonecan beidentifiedasa verticalbarat1.24kHz intheRTAdisplay. However,because thereisalsoother signalgoingthrough thesystematthesame timeasthefeedback,it iseasiertodistinguish theverticallineofthe constantfeedbacktone intheSpectrograph plot.
ExaminingInteractionPatternswithSpectrograph: ThefollowingisasimpletechniquethatusestheSpectrographforexamining coverageandinteractionpatternsinloudspeakersystems.Simplyput,theuser
Figure23:SystemConfigurationforInteractionStudy
excitesthesystemwithpinknoisewhichshouldproducearelativelyconstant level/coloratallfrequenciesonaspectrographplotandthenmovesthe measurementmicthroughthelisteningenvironment.Levelvariationsfrom interactions,liketheaudiblecombfilteringcausedbyreflections,canbeseenas interactionpatternsonthespectrographplotofthemicsignal.Adjustingthe dynamicrangehelpstobetterhighlighttheinteractionpatterns.
Figure22:CombFilterInteractionPatternsViewedintheSpectrographPlot
TransferFunctionMeasurements
TransferFunctionisadualchannelmeasurementthatdeterminesasystems frequencyresponsebycomparingitsinputsignal(reference)toitsoutputsignal (measurement).Thismeasurementshowsthedifferencebetweenthosetwosignals inbothmagnitudeandphaseandrepresentstheprocessingbehaviorofthesystem asafunctionoffrequency.
Figure24:TransferFunction
SmaartsTransferFunctionmeasurementallowsausertoexaminethefrequency responseofvariouscomponentsoftheirsoundsystem,bothelectrical(EQs,mixers, processors)andelectroacoustical(loudspeakers,theirenvironmentandtheirdrive electronics).Thesemeasurementsareextremelyusefulinmanyapplications, includingloudspeakerdesign,equipmentevaluation,equalizationandsystem optimization. DatafromSmaartsTransferFunctionmeasurementsareviewableasfourseparate traces,onthreeseparateplots/windows:magnituderesponseandcoherence(same window),phase,andliveIR(timedomainplot).

Note:AstoredTransferFunctionmeasurementcomprisesthe Magnitude,PhaseandCoherencetracesLiveIRisnotcaptured.
Magnitude TheMagnitudewindowshowsboththeMagnitudeportionofthetransferfunction (frequencyresponse),andtheCoherencetrace(seebelow).Inthemagnitudeplot, gainandlossshowupasdeviationfromthecenter0dB line.
Figure25:TransferFunctionMagnitudeTrace
Theusercanclickanddragamagnitudetraceupanddowntomoveitverticallyon theplot. Phase ThePhaseplotdisplaysthePhaseportionoftheTransferFunctionmeasurement. Thisplotshowsthedifference(indegrees)betweenthereferenceandmeasurement signals,andprovidesanindicationofoverallrelativetimingbyfrequency,phase shiftduetofilteringandsystempolarity.Thephaseplotiscircularthrough360o thetopoftheplot(180o)isthesameplaceasthebottomoftheplot(180o).The phasetracebelowshowsacontinuoustracethatleavesthebottomoftheplotand continuesonfromthetop.
Figure26:TransferFunctionPhaseTrace
Theusercanclickanddragaphasetraceverticallytochangethepositionofthe0o point.Regardlessofthepositionof0o,thephasetracealwaysdisplaysarangeof 360oinitsstandard,wrappeddisplayformat. Coherence TheCoherencetracedisplaysthestabilityoftheTransferFunctiondataoverthe givenseriesofmeasurements/averages,andisexpressedasapercentagefrom0 (badcoh.inconsistentdata)to100%(highlyconsistentdata.)IftheTransfer Functionsaveragerissettoinstantaneous,Coherenceisnotcalculated. TheCoherencetraceisplottedusingtheupperoftheMagnitudewindow. Therearethreegeneralcausesofreducedcoherence.First,aproblemwiththe measurementsystemmostcommonly,nothavingthemeasurementdelayset properly(seebelow).Second,environmentalnoisecausingmeasurement contaminationlossofsignaltonoise.Andthird,excessreverberance/dropof DirecttoReverbratiointhemeasurementsystem.Onanongoingbasis,the Coherencetraceprovidesanexcellentindicationofsystemintelligibility,andisa goodsourceoffeedbackonsystem/measurementquality.
Figure27:TransferFunctionCoherenceTrace
SmaartutilizesablankingfunctionthatwillhideTransferFunctiondatafromthe plotatfrequencieswhereCoherenceisbelowasetblankingthreshold.Theusercan setthisinTransferFunctionoptions,orusetheadjustmenthandleonthe magnitudeplot(nexttothecoherencescaleintheupperright). TransferFunctionControls LikeSpectrum,allTransferfunctionmeasurementsbydefaultuse thesameGlobalTFSettingsforFFT,Averaging,Smoothing,etc, unlesstheyaresettoignorethosesettingsinthemeasurements individualtabintheGroupManager.
Figure28:TransferFunctionControls
Averaging: Averagingameasurementstabilizesthemeasurementandhelpsrejectuncorrelated noise.TheSmaartv7usesastandardFIFO(FirstIn,FirstOut)forthelowerlevelsof averaging(2,4,8,16)andthenswitchestoaccumulatorsabovethat(1sec,2sec, etc).Theseaccumulatorsprovidesignificantimprovementsinstabilityoverpast largerFIFOsandarepreferredforacousticmeasurements. Smoothing Smaartv7includesnewFractionalOctavesmoothingalgorithmsforreducingthe rippleinTFtracesandaidinginviewingthegeneraltrendsofthedatacurves.
Figure29:Smoothing
LiveIR TheTransferFunctioncanbeviewedasaLiveIR.ThisdisplayshowstheImpulse Responseinalinearscale,timedomain viewwiththeTFmeasurementdelay timelocatedatthecenterofthescreen. LiveIRsettingscanbeadjustedinthe Figure30:LiveIRSettings TransferFunctionOptionsdialog.

Figure31:LiveIRWindow
DelayLocator/DelayTracking TransferFunctioniscalculatedbycomparingthesignaloninputtoasystemtoits correspondingoutputsignal.Mosttimes,thereissomedelaythroughthesystem, oftentheresultoflatencyintheprocessing,signaldelayandacousticpropagation time.Eachtransferfunctionobjecthasameasurement delaythatcanbeusedtodelaytheinput/reference signaltoitsoutput/measurementsignal.Accordingly, SmaarthasabuiltinDelayLocatorfunctionthat performsanimpulseresponsemeasurement,and Figure32:TFControlObject returnsthetimeassociatedwiththetallestpeak normallythedelaytimeassociatedwiththearrivalofthe directsound.Foreachmeasurementobject,thisfunctioncanbecalledwiththe Findbuttoninitsindividualmeasurementcontrol. Alternatively,theusercanchoosetohaveanindividualmeasurementobject continuouslytrackthemeasurementdelay(usingthesamebasicfunctionasLive IR)bypressingtheTrackbuttonorindicatorlightlocatedinthemeasurements individualcontrol.
Note:TheTrackfunctiondoesconsumesomeprocessorresources,so ifyourmeasurementdelayisnotchanging(themicorspeakerisnot activelymoving,)itisprobablybesttoturntrackoffoncethe measurementdelayhasbeenacquired.
ApplicationExample:SettinganEqualizerforaLoudspeaker Inthisexample,anengineermeasurestheTransferFunctionofaloudspeaker,and thenadjustsanequalizertoflattenitsoverallresponse.Here,theuserhasamulti channelI/O,someasurementsoftheEqualizer(MixOutcomparedtoEQOut)and completeloudspeakersystem(MixOutcomparedtoMicrophone)canbeperformed simultaneously.Thisexamplecouldalsobeaccomplishedperformingthose measurementsindividually/sequentially.Thisexampleusesthefollowing hardware
configuration.
Figure33:TransferFunctionSampleConfiguration

Thisconfigurationproducesthefollowinginitialmeasurements.
Figure34:InitialTransferFunctionMeasurementLoudspeakerandEQ
Nextwecapturetheloudspeakerresponsetrace,adjusttheEQandviewtheresults intheactiveMicOnemeasurementofthetotalsystem.NotethattheEQ measurementhasbeensettographinverted,sowecanlaytheEQdirectlyoverthe storedresponsetrace.Thishelpswithrefiningfilterwidthandfrequency.
Figure35:TransferFunctionMeasurementInitialSpeakerResponse(Stored),EQTrace(inverted)and EqualizedSpeaker
DataManagement
Datatracesinv7arehandledverymuchlikewithSmaartLivev5. Datatracesarecapturedtothedataslot(register)whereauser caneasilyhide/showdata.TheleftsideoftheRealTimeGUIis dedicatedtotheDataStorageStrip.Thereareseparatestripsfor Spectrum(RTA)dataandTransferFunctiondata,withtheStorage Stripthatcorrespondstotheactivedatawindowtypedisplayed (sameaswiththecontrolstrip.) TracescapturedtotheDataStripresideinRAM.Usercanchooseto writeanytracepermanentlytofilebyselectingthedesiredslotand clickingtheSavebutton.Theuserwillbepromptedtochoosethe destinationfolderforthedatafile.Smaartv7dataisnowsavedin separateformatsforSpectrum(.srf)andTransferFunction(.trf) data.Thisisdoneasaconveniencesothatuserscanquickly determinethesaveddatatype.(Old.reffilesdidnotdesignatewhich typeofdataintheirfileextension.) UserscanloadsavedSmaart.ref,.srfor.trfdatacreatedfromany versionofSmaart(pastorpresent)byselectingthedesireddata slot,clickingLoad,andthenselectingthefilefromitsstored Figure36:Data StorageStrip location.Smaartcannotreaddatastoredas.rgp(referencegroup files). Tocaptureatrace,selectthedataslotandclicktheCapturebuttonorusethe [spacebar]hotkey.Alternatively,theusercanchoosetoCaptureandSavedata simultaneouslybyusingthe[command]+[F]hotkeycommand. Placingthemousecursoroveradataslotwillshow adatatooltipwithinformationaboutthe captureddatainthatslot. Toaveragestoreddatatraces,holddownthe [command]key,highlight(clickon)theslotsyou Figure37:Data"ToolTip" wishaverage,andclicktheAveragebutton.This Information willplacetheaveragedtraceinthenextopen register.
Note:Thetraceaveragingfunctioncanonlyaveragetracesstored withthesameFFTmeasurementsettings.
ImpulseResponseMeasurements
ImpulseResponsemodeisdesignedtoprovidearobustandintuitivesetoftoolsfor measuringandexaminingtheacousticalresponseofsystemsandenvironments. Smaartv7sImpulseResponsemodehasbeensignificantlyexpandedfrompast versions(andwillcontinuetoexpand)toincludemuchofthefunctionalityfromthe SmaartAcousticToolssoftwarepackage. Inthismode,wecanalsoanalyzepreviousIRmeasurements(orothertimedomain information)thathavebeenstoredinstandard.wavor.aiff(MAC)audiofileformat ImpulseResponseControls InIRMode,ausercanperformanImpulseResponsemeasurementbychoosingany ResponseMeasurementtheycurrentlyhaveconfigured,settingthemeasurement parameters(primarilyFFTsize/TC),acquiringsignalsandpressingstart. Alternatively,theusercanchoosetoloadastoredfileviatheFilemenu. Oncetheuserhascapturedorloadedanimpulseresponsemeasurement,theycan usetheviewingtoolsbelowtoanalyzeit. AtthetopoftheIRmodeGUIisawindowdisplayingtheentireimpulseresponsein linearview.ThisNavwindowisusedforselectingthetimedomainzoomforthe lowerdatawindows.AsinRealTimemode,rightClickanddragtochooseyour zoomwindow,andclickonthedataaxistoclearthezoom.
Note:Whenmeasuringanimpulseresponse,itisveryimportantthat youhaveastrongreferencesignal(givethemeasurementagood viewofthesignalyouarelookingfor),andmakesureyourTCisset toatleastfivetimes(5x)thelengthofthetotalsystemresponse (includingreverberantdecay)youaremeasuring.
Log/Lin/ETC Views
FrequencyDomain View
IRModeSpectrograph
Appendices
HotKeys(AcceleratorKeys) Acomplete,uptodatelistingofSmaartsHotKeysiscontainedintheSoftwares helpfiles.
Measurement Controls [O] [Cmd/Ctrl] + [O] [Cmd/Ctrl] + [Alt] +[O] [V] Delay Controls [D] [Cmd/Ctrl] +[D] [L] [Cmd/Ctrl] + [L] [,<] [.>] [Space] [Cmd/Ctrl] + [F] [Cmd/Ctrl] +[S] [Del] Display Controls [I] [R] [S] [T] [Cmd/Ctrl] + [I] [Y] [Cmd/Ctrl] + [Y] [Z] [Shift] + [Z] [+] [] [Cmd/Ctrl] +[+] IR Analysis Mode Real-Time Mode Spectrum Transfer Function Live IR (Show/Hide) Clear Y Offset (Selected) Clear Y Offset (All) Cycle Z Order (Forward) Cycle Z Order (Back) Zoom In Y Zoom Out Y Zoom In X/Y Track Delay (toggles Delay Tracking for selected Transfer Function measurement) All Track (turn on Delay Tracking for all active Transfer Function measurements) Find Delay (for selected Transfer Function measurement) Find All Delays (find delays for all active Transfer Function measurements) Increment Delay (for selected Transfer Function measurement) Decrement Delay (for selected Transfer Function measurement) Selected Measurement On/Off All On (run all live measurements of selected type) All Off (stop all llive measurements of selected type) Reseed Averages
Data Storage and File Operations Capture and File Trace (creates a permanent file on disk while capturing) Save to File (.wav or .srf/trf depending on the operating mode) Clear Selected Storage Slot
Capture Trace (captures the front trace on the selected graph into the selected storage slot

[Cmd/Ctrl] +[] [Cmd/Ctrl] + [Alt] +[+] [Cmd/Ctrl] + [Alt] +[] [Up Arrow] [Down Arrow] [Left Arrow] [Right Arrow]
Zoom Out X/Y Zoom In X Zoom Out X Scroll Up* Scroll Down* Pan Left Pan Right
*Or roll "roll" the (wrapped) Phase display.
[Cmd/Ctrl] means press the [Ctrl] key on a Windows computer or the [Cmd] key (sometimes called the Apple Key or "flower" key) on a Macintosh computer. The Alt key on a Windows system maps to the Option key on
SelfHelp:WheretogoforAnswers Ultimately,theuser,asengineerandoperator,isresponsibleforansweringtheir ownspecificapplicationquestions.Inordertoassistinthisprocess,Rational Acousticssuggeststhefollowingsources: 1. UsetheHELPFILESinthesoftwarealotofveryhelpfulinformation aboutSmaartsfunctionsandfeaturesisthere,anditisfullysearchable. 2. TheSmaartuserforumsatRationalAcoustics.com 3. SmaartTrainingsessions 4. PreviouslypublishedSmaartandSmaartLiveManualsandTechnical NotesthesecanbefoundontheRationalAcousticswebsiteat: http://www.rationalacoustics.com/pages/New_Documentarium 5. TheRecommendedReadingsourcescitedinthelastsectionofthis document. 6. OrevencontactRationalAcousticsdirectlyviaemail(preferred)or phone. TrainingsessioninformationandcontactinformationforRationalAcousticsand authorizedrepresentativescanbefoundathttp://rationalacoustics.com. RecommendedReading
D.Davis,C.Davis:SoundSystemEngineering,2ndedition.Carmel,IN:SAMS.1994. M. Mehta, J. Johnson, C. Rocafort: Architectural Acoustics: Principles and Design. UpperSaddleRiver,NJ:PrenticeHall.1999. American National Standard: Specification for Sound Level Meters, ANSI S1.41983. NewYork,NY:AcousticalSocietyofAmerica.1983.
R. Cabot, B. Hofer, R. Metzler: Standard Handbook of Video and Television Engineering: Chapter 13.3: Nonlinear Audio Distortion, 4th edition. McGrawHillProfessional.2003.
OSHA Standard: Occupational Noise Exposure, OSHA 1910.95. Washington, DC: OccupationalSafety&HealthAdministration.1996.
Criteria for a Recommended Standard Occupational Noise Exposure, Revised Criteria 1996,DHHS(NIOSH)PublicationNo.96.Atlanta,GA:NationalInstitutefor OccupationalSafety&Health.1996. MotionPictures BChain Electroacoustic Response Dubbing Theaters, Review RoomsandIndoorTheaters,SMPTE202M1998.WhitePlains,NY:Societyof MotionPictureandTelevisionEngineers.1998.
If you have an interest in furthering your knowledge of the engineering concepts behind FFTbasedmeasurement,youmayfindthefollowingtextsuseful:
A.Oppenheim,A.Willsky,S.Nawab:SignalsandSystems,2ndedition.UpperSaddle River,NJ:PrenticeHallInc.1997. A.Oppenheim,R.Schafer,J.Buck:DiscreteTimeSignalProcessing,2ndedition.Upper SaddleRiver,NJ:PrenticeHallInc.1999.

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GettingStartedwithSmaartv7:BasicSetupandMeasurement

Thisguideassumesareaderwithabasicunderstandingofprofessionalaudio equipmentandengineeringpractices.Itconcludeswithalistofrecommended additionalsourcesofinformationwhereuserscanfurthertheirunderstandingof theseconcepts.

Note:Smaartsoftwareislicensedtoasingleuserdefinedaseither asinglepersonorcompany.Allsoftwareinstallationsforagiven licensemustbeperformeduponcomputersownedbythatuser.

ThemeasurementprocesswithSmaartv7beginswiththeconfigurationofsingle channel(spectrum)anddualchannel(response)measurements.Thissection detailstheprocessandfunctionsinvolvedinconfiguringthesoftwarefor measurement.

Options:AudioI/Odialog Userselectsdevicefromthedropdown list(populatedatstartup). Usercanassignfriendlynamestothe deviceandindividualchannels.

significantlyexpandedfrompastversions(andwillcontinuetoexpand)toinclude muchofthefunctionalityfromtheSmaartAcousticToolssoftwarepackage. GUIOverviews ThegenerallayoutoftheGUIforRealTimeandImpulseResponsemodes:

Thevocalmicgainis raiseduntilweget feedback.

ExaminingInteractionPatternswithSpectrograph: ThefollowingisasimpletechniquethatusestheSpectrographforexamining coverageandinteractionpatternsinloudspeakersystems.Simplyput,theuser

Magnitude TheMagnitudewindowshowsboththeMagnitudeportionofthetransferfunction (frequencyresponse),andtheCoherencetrace(seebelow).Inthemagnitudeplot, gainandlossshowupasdeviationfromthecenter0dB line.

LiveIR TheTransferFunctioncanbeviewedasaLiveIR.ThisdisplayshowstheImpulse Responseinalinearscale,timedomain viewwiththeTFmeasurementdelay timelocatedatthecenterofthescreen. LiveIRsettingscanbeadjustedinthe Figure30:LiveIRSettings TransferFunctionOptionsdialog.

Nextwecapturetheloudspeakerresponsetrace,adjusttheEQandviewtheresults intheactiveMicOnemeasurementofthetotalsystem.NotethattheEQ measurementhasbeensettographinverted,sowecanlaytheEQdirectlyoverthe storedresponsetrace.Thishelpswithrefiningfilterwidthandfrequency.

*Or roll "roll" the (wrapped) Phase display.

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