Switchgear and Substations

3.1 High-Voltage Substations

Computer-aided engineering/design (CAE/CAD) A variety of items inuence the design of air-insulated substations. In the daily engineering work, database-supported CAE tools are used for the primary and secondary engineering of the substations. The database speeds up all the engineering processes by using predened solutions and improves the quality (g. 3.1-10). Design of air-insulated substations When rated and short-circuit currents are high, aluminum tubes are increasingly used to replace wire conductors for busbars and feeder lines. They can handle rated currents up to 8,000 A and short-circuit currents up to 80 kA without difculty. Other inuences on the switchyard design are the availability of land, the lie of the land, the accessibility and location of incoming and outgoing overhead-lines, and the number of transformers and voltage levels. A one-line or two-line arrangement, and possibly a U-arrangement, may be the proper solution. Each outdoor switchgear installation, especially for step-up substations in connection with power stations and large transformer substations in the extra-high-voltage transmission system, is therefore unique, depending on the local conditions. HV/MV transformer substations of the distribution system, with repeatedly used equipment and a scheme of one incoming and one outgoing line as well as two transformers together with medium-voltage switchgear and auxiliary equipment, are usually subject to a standardized design. Preferred designs Conceivable designs include certain preferred versions that are often dependent on the type and arrangement of the busbar disconnectors. H-arrangement The H-arrangement is preferred for use in applications for feeding industrial consumers. Two overhead-lines are connected with two transformers and interlinked by a double-bus sectionalizer. Thus, each feeder of the switchyard can be maintained without disturbance of the other feeders (g. 3.1-11, g. 3.1-12).
Fig. 3.1-11: H-arrangement 123 kV, GIS (3D view HIS)

Customer Documentation Specication clarication

Deriving of 2D-primary drawings and completion of secondary drawings

Database Projects Solutions Symbols

Selection of predened typical solutions/modules

Generating of: Material lists Equipment lists Terminal diagrams Wiring lists Cable lists Completion of: 3D-models schematic diagrams Delta engineering Adapting to the customer requirements

Fig. 3.1-10: Database-supported engineering

Fig. 3.1-12: 110 kV H-arrangement, conventional AIS (3D view)

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Siemens Energy Sector Power Engineering Guide Edition 7.0