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Maas With Interlinear Greek in IPA Assisted by Wiley College Linguistics Students: Jendayi Douglas Peggy Johnson ChaMira Keener
The International Phonetic Alphabet was launched in 1888 in England by Henry Sweet and Elmer Wiggins, founders of the International Phonetic Association. The International Phonetic Alphabet is an alphabetic system of notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet with borrowings if the Latin alphabet does not contain the sound. The beauty of the IPA is that it is 100% phonetic, while the English Alphabet (though derived from the Latin alphabet) is only 60% phonetic, making pronunciation chancy. The best transliteration schemes are also hit and miss. Using the IPA pronunciation, one symbol represents one sound. The consonants are the most stable elements of the language, but the violent vowels and the diabolical diphthongs will cause trouble continually. Consequently, here are the potential flashpoints that may up-end English speakers as they try to negotiate the pronunciation of the Interlinear Greek and Hebrew IPA texts.
/ / as in bed and pet // /a/ // /o/ // / u/ as in cat as in father as in rug or butter as in bone or chrome or dome pronounce the vowel sound of kiss while rounding the lips as in moon or June
// as in book or cook
Paul and Silvanus and Timothy, To the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ: kaj timos te klesia and Timothy, to the church
salonik-on n -o patri hemon kaj krio iesu of Thessalonians, in God [the]Father of us and the Lord Jesus risto Christ.
Grace to you and peace from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. patros hemon kaj kriu [the] Father of us and the Lord
aris hmin kaj erene apo -u Grace to you and peace , from God iesu ristu Jesus Christ.
We ought always to give thanks to God for you, brethren, as seems only fitting, because your faith has greatly enlarged, and the love of each one of you toward one another grows ever greater; to o pantot pri hmon God always, concerning you,
adlfoj kaos aion stin hoti hprauane he pistis brothers , even as fitting it is , because increases exceedingly the faith hmon kaj plonaze he agape hnos hkastu panton of you and abounds the love of one each of all, hmon es alelus you to one another;
therefore, we ourselves speak proudly of you among the churches of God for your perseverance and faith in the midst of all your persecutions and afflictions which you endure. nkauasaj n tajs to boast , in the
tu -u hpr tes hpomones hmon kaj pistos of God, for the endurance of you and faith
anse ; n pasin tojs diogmojs hmon kaj tajs lipssin you are bearing in all the persecutions of you and the tribulations hajs which.
This plainly indicates God's righteous judgment so that you God will consider you worthy of His kingdom, for which indeed you suffer.
ndegma tes dikaj-as krisos tu -u es to a manifest token of the righteous judgment of God , for kataioenaj to be accounted worthy kaj also past you suffer; hmas tes basile-as tu -u hpr hes you of the kingdom of God for which
For after all it seems only just for God to repay with affliction those who afflict you,
epr dikaj-on para -o antapodunaj tojs libusin if at least righteous [it is] with God, to repay to those who oppress hmas lipsin you tribulation.
and to give relief to you who suffer affliction and to us as well when the Lord Jesus will reveal Himself from heaven with His mighty angels in flaming fire, libomnojs anesin m hemon n te are oppresed, repose with us , at the iesu ap uranu mt anglon Jesus from heaven with [the] angels
dealing out retribution to those who do not know God and to those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. me edosin not know kriu hemon iesu Lord of us, Jesus.
n pri flogos didontos kdikesin tojs in a fire of flame, awarding vengeance on those that
on kaj tojs me hpaku-usin to juanglio tu God, and those that not obey the gospe; of the
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These will pay the penalty of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of His power,
hojtins diken tisusin olron ajonion apo prosopu tu who [the] penalty will suffer, destruction eternal from [the] presence of the kriu kaj apo tes does tes isos Lord, and from the glory of the strength
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autu of him;
when He comes to receive glorification in His saints on that day, and to receive adoration among all who have believedfor our testimony you believed. le ndoasenaj n tojs hagiojs autu kaj he shall have come to be glorified in the saints of him, and n pasin tojs pistjusasin hoti pisjue in all the[ones] having believed, because was believed
hotan when
aumasenaj to be marveled at
to martrion hemon f hmas n te hemra kene the testimony of us to you , in the day that.
To this end also we pray for you always, that our God will count you worthy of your calling, and fulfill every desire for goodness and the work of faith with power,
es ho kaj prosjuoma pantot pri hmon hina hmas For which also we pray always for you , that you aiose tes klesos ho os hemon kaj plerose might count worthy of the calling of the God of us , and might fulfill pasan judokian agosnes kaj rgon pistos n every good pleasure of goodness and work of faith with
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dname power.
so that you will glorify the name of our Lord Jesus, and you in Him, according to the grace of our God and the Lord Jesus Christ.
opos ndoase to onoma tu kriu hemon iesu n so that might be glorified the name of the Lord of us, Jesus, in hmin kaj hmes n auto kata ten arin tu -u you , and you in him , according to the grace of the God hemon kaj kriu of us, and of [the] Lord iesu ristu Jesus Christ.
Now we request you, brethren, with regard to the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ and our gathering together to Him,
rotomen d hmas adlfoj hpr tes parusias tu we implore moreover you, brothers by the coming of the kriu hemon iesu ristu kaj hemon pisnagoges Lord of us , Jesus Christ , and our gathering together auton him, p to
that you not become quickly shaken from your composure or become disturbed either by a spirit or a message or a letter as if from us, to the effect that the day of the Lord has come.
es to me ta-os saljuenaj hmas apo tu nos med for not quickly to be shaken you in mind , nor ro-esaj met to be troubled, neither dia pnjumatos met dia logu met di by spirit , nor by word , nor by
tu pistoles hos di hemon hos hoti nstekn he of the letter as if by us , as that is present the hemra kriu day Lord.
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Let no one in any way deceive you, for it will not come unless the apostasy comes first, and the man of lawlessness reveals himself, the son of destruction, hmas apatese kata medna tropon hoti you should deceive in not one way , because[it will not be]
an me le he apostasia proton kaj if not shall have come the apostasy first , and tes apokalyfe ho anropos tes anomias ho hujos shall have been revealed the man of lawlessness the son apole-as of destruction;
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who opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, displaying himself as equivalent to God.
ho antikemnos kaj hprajromnos pi panta lgomnon on he who opposes and exalts himself above every so -called god tu e sbasma host auton es ton na-on -u he who or object of worship so as him in the temple of God kaisaj apodeknnta hauton hoti stin os to sit down, setting forth himself that his is God.
Do you not remember that while I still remained with you, I told you these things?
u mnemonju-t hoti ti on pros hmas tauta lgon hmin not do you remember that yet being with you , these things I said to you?
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And you know what restrains him now, so that in his time he will reveal himself.
kaj nn to katon ojdat es apokalenaj And now that which restrains, you know , for to be revealed auton n to heautu kajro him in his time.
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For the mystery of lawlessness already works; only he who now restrains will do so until God takes him out of the way. anomias monon of lawlessness; only [there is] gnetaj he be gone.
to gar msterion ede nrgetaj tes the indeed mystery, already is working,
ho katon arti hos k msu he who restrains at present until out of [the]midst
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Then that lawless one will become revealed whom the Lord will slay with the breath of His mouth and bring to an end by the appearance of His coming; ho the anomos hon ho krios lawless [one], whom the Lord
iesus anle to pnjumati tu stomatos autu kaj Jesus will consume with the breath of the mouth of him and katargese te annul by the
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pifane-a appearing
tes of the
namely, the one whose coming accords with the activity of Satan, with all power and signs and false wonders,
hu stin he parusia kat nrge-an tu satana, whose is the coming , according to [the] working of Satan n pase dname kaj seme-ojs kaj trasin in every power, and signs , and wonders
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psjudus of falsehood,
and with all the deception of wickedness for those who perish, because they did not receive the love of the truth so as to receive salvation.
kaj n pase apate adikias tojs apolymnojs an and in every deceit of unrighteousness, them that perish , in return for hon ten agapen tes alee-as uk danto es to soenaj autus which the love of the truth not they received for to be saved them.
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For this reason God will send upon them a deluding influence so that they will believe falsehood, tuto pmpe autojs ho os nrge-an planes this will send to them God a working of departure, autojs them to psjude what [is] false;
in order that they all may receive judgment who did not believe the truth, but took pleasure in wickedness. krisin pants hoj me pistjusants te alee-a , might be judged all not having believed the truth judokesants having delighted te adikia in righteousness.
But we should always give thanks to God for you, brethren beloved by the Lord, because God has chosen you from the beginning for salvation through sanctification by the Spirit and faith in the truth. to o to God pantot pri always concerning
hmon adlfoj gapemnoj hpo kriu you, brothers beloved by [the] Lord ,
ho os ap ares es soterian n hagiasmo God from [the] beginning to salvation in sanctification pnjumatos kaj piste alee-as of [the] Spirit, and belief of [the] truth;
For this sanctification by the Spirit He called you through our gospel, that you may gain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.
es ho kaj kalsn hmas dia tu juangliu hemon to this moreover you by the gospel of us , es pripojsin does tu kriu hemon iesu ristu in [the] obtaining of [the] glory of the Lord of us , Jesus Christ.
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So then, brethren, stand firm and hold to the traditions which you received instruction, whether by word of mouth or by letter from us. kaj and kratet hold fast tas paradoses to the traditions
hemon has didaet et dia logu ete di pistoles from us which you were taught whether by word or by letter
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Now may our Lord Jesus Christ Himself and God our Father, who has loved us and given us eternal comfort and good hope by grace,
autos d ho krios hemon iesus ristos kaj ho himself moreover the Lord of us , Jesus Christ, and os ho pater hemon ho agapesas hemas kaj God , the Father of us , the [one] having loved us , and dus having given us ariti grace.
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paraklesin aj-onian kaj lpida agaen n comfort eternal, and hope good by
comfort and strengthen your hearts in every good work and word.
parakalsaj hmon tas kardias, kaj steriaj n panti may he encourage your hearts, and may he strengthen in every rgo kaj logo agao work and word good.
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Finally, brethren, pray for us that the word of the Lord will spread rapidly and receive glorification, just as it did also with you; pri hemon hina for us, that
ho logos tu kriu tre kaj doazetaj kaos the word of the Lord might spread rapidly and might be glorified, even as kaj pros hmas also with you;
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and that we will have deliverance from perverse and evil men; for not all have faith. apo ton atopon kaj poneron from perverse and evil
anropon u gar panton he pistis men ; not indeed of all [is] the faith.
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But the Lord remains faithful, and He will strengthen and protect you from the evil one.
pistos d stin ho krios hos sterie hmas kaj faithful however is the Lord who will strengthen you, and flae apo tu poneru will keep [you] from evil.
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We have confidence in the Lord concerning you, that you do well and will continue to do what we command. f as to hmas hoti ha you, that the things which
ppojamn d n krio we are persuaded moreover in [the] Lord paranglomn kaj we command both
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May the Lord direct your hearts into the love of God and into the steadfastness of Christ. hmon your tas kardias es ten hearts into the
agapen tu -u kaj es ten hpomonen tu ristu love of God, and into the steadfastness of Christ.
Now we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you keep away from every brother who leads an unruly life and not according to the tradition which you received from us. hmin adlfoj n onomati tu kriu you, brothers, in [the] name of the Lord
hemon iesu ristu stlsaj hmas apo pantos adlfu of us Jesus Christ [that] withdraw you from every brother ataktos pripatuntos kaj me kata ten idly walking and not according to the paradosin tradition hen parlabosan par hemon which you received from us.
For you yourselves know how you ought to follow our example, because we did not act in an undisciplined manner among you,
autoj gar ojdat pos de mimesaj hemas hoti uk yourselves indeed, you know how it behooves[you] to imitate us because not etaktesamn n hmin we behaved disorderly among you;
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nor did we eat anyone's bread without paying for it, but with labor and hardship we kept working night and day so that we would not burden any of you; arton fagomn bread did we eat para tinos from anyone; al n kopo kaj but in labor and
moo nktos kaj hemras rgazomnoj pros to me toil, night and day working, in order not pibaresaj tina hmon to be burdensome to anyone of you.
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not because we do not have the right to this, but in order to offer ourselves as a model for you, so that you would follow our example.
u hoti uk omn usian al hina hautos tpon Not that not we have [the] right, but that ourselves an example domn hmin es to mimesaj hemas we might give to you to imitate us.
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For even when we dwelled with you, we used to give you this order: if anyone does not show willingness to work, then he should not eat, either. hot emn pros hmas tuto parenglomn hmin when we were with you, this we instructed you, u le rgasaj med si-to not does wish to work , neither let him eat.
e tis if anyone
For we hear that some among you lead an undisciplined life, doing no work at all, but acting like busybodies.
aku-omn gar tinas pripatuntas n hmin ataktos medn We hear indeed some are walking among you disorderly, not at all rgazomnus ala pri-r gzomnus working , but being busybodies.
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Now such persons we command and exhort in the Lord Jesus Christ to work in quiet fashion and eat their own bread.
tojs d toj-utojs paranglomn kaj parakalumn n to moreover such , we warn and exhort by krio our Lord iesu risto hina mta hesias rgazomnoj ton Jesus Christ, that with quietness working ,
hmes d adlfoj me nkakeset kalopoj-unts. you moreover, brothers, not do lose heart [in] well-doing
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If anyone does not obey our instruction in this letter, take special note of that person and do not associate with him, so that he will suffer shame.
e d tis u hpaku-e to logo hemon dia tes if moreover anyone not obey this instruction of us , by the pistoles tuton seme-us me snanamignsaj letter that [man] take note not to mix with ntrape he might be ashamed.
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Yet do not regard him as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother. nutet hos adlfon admonish [him] as a brother.
kaj me hos ron heges ala and not as an enemy esteem [him] , but
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Now may the Lord of peace Himself continually grant you peace in every circumstance. The Lord remain with you all!
autos d ho krios tes erenes do-e hmin ten himself moreover the Lord of peace may give you erenen dia pantos n panti tropo ho krios mta peace continually all in every way . The Lord[be] with panton hmon all you.
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I, Paul, write this greeting with my own hand, and this distinguishes my mark in every letter; this demonstrates the way I write.
ho aspasmos te me eri paulu ho stin seme-on The greeting the my own hand of Paul , which is [the] sign n pase pistole hutos grafo in every letter , so I write.
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The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ remain with you all. Amen.
he aris tu kriu hemon iesu ristu mta panton The grace of the Lord of us , Jesus Christ, [be] with all hmon amen of you. Amen.
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