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You are called to the home of an elderly woman who states that
she is dizzy and having difficulty breathing and that her chest
feels "tight." She also has severe abdominal cramps. As you
assess her, you find out that she was fine until after shestarted
cleaning in the garage yesterday, but she says that she did not
do any heavy lifting. As you examine her leg, you notice a light
pink rash and what appear to be two small puncture wounds.
These signs and symptoms indicate the bite of a:
A: fire ant.
B: pit viper.
C: scrape off the stingers with the edge of a card, wash the areas,
and apply cold packs.
D: use tweezers to remove the stingers and then apply warm
compresses to the areas.
B: A rheumatoid infection
C: Lyme disease
D: An allergic reaction
C: 20 seconds.
D: 30 seconds.
B: Epinephrine
C: Adrenalin
D: Benadryl
D: elevating the patient's legs and keeping him warm with a blanket.
13. Which of the following exposures would result in the MOST rapid
onset of signs and symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction?
A: Ingestion of penicillin
B: Injection of penicillin
C: Ingestion of shrimp
ANSWERS
NO ANS REASON
Reason: The two chief chemicals released by the body that result in the
5. a signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction are histamines and leukotrienes.
(ECTSI 8, p. 416)
Reason: As with any other call, the EMT-B must perform a scene size-up
6. c prior to entering the scene. Safety of the EMT-B and his or her partner is the
primary concern on any call. (ECTSI 8, p. 419)
Reason: This patient does not have adequate respiratory effort (altered
mental status and stridorous respirations), He therefore requires immediate
7. c
positive pressure ventilations with a BVM device The airway must be
secured and managed prior to any other treatmen
Reason: Appropriate management for a pit viper bite includes, keeping the
patient calm, gently cleaning the area with soap and water or a mild
9. d antiseptic, splinting the affected extremity to protect it and decrease
movement, and placing the patient in a supine position. NEVER apply ice to
a snakebite, as it will increase the toxicity of the venom.
Reason: A snake bite wound that has two small puncture wounds about
10. d apart is indicative of a pit viper bite. Discoloration and swelling will also be
visible
Reason: The first steps in caring for a patient with a snake bite is to inform
medical control and, if possible, describe the snake. You will also need to
11. d
discuss the use if venous tourniquets. They should be lightly placed above
and below the bite.
Reason: Of the following choices, the injection route will typically produce
the most rapid onset of signs and symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction.
13. b
Ingestion can take up to 30 minutes before symptoms begin. If a person is
not invenomated, an exposure did not occur