XI.

DRUG STUDY

DRUG NAME

DOSAGE/ FORM/ ROUTE/ FREQUEN CY

CLASSIFICATION

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic: Paracetamol

500 mg tab PRN for T> 37.8 C

Analgesic; Antipyretic

Brand Name: Biogesic

Decreases fever by inhibiting the effects of pyrogens on the hypothalamic heat regulating centers and by a hypothalamic action leading sweating and vasodilation.

Treatment of fever; relief of mild-tomoderate pain.

Hypersensitivity; intolerance to tartrazine, alcohol, table sugar, saccharin.

Stimulation, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, hepatotoxici ty, rash, urticaria, hypersensiti vity

Assess patients fever: temperature, diaphoresis Assess allergic reactions Assess hepatotoxicity Monitor liver and renal functions Check input and output ratio

DRUG NAME

DOSAGE/ FORM/ ROUTE/ FREQUEN CY 300 mg tab BID p.o

CLASSIFICATION

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic: Gabapentin

Anticonvulsant

Brand Name: Neurontin

Mechanism unknown. Prevents and treats partial seizures and postherpetic neuralgia. Structurally similar to GABA but does not interact with GABA receptors.

Adjunctive therapy: Partial seizures with and without secondary generalizatio n in adults with epilepsy. Neuropathic pain, diabetic neuropathy.

Hypersensitivity to drug

Hypertension, somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, tremor, nervousness, dysarthria, amnesia, depression, vertigo, reflex abnormality, pruritus, weight increase, vasodilation, edema,

Assess patients disorder before starting therapy and reassess regularly thereafter Monitor for possible drug induced adverse reactions Assess mental status and report abnormalities Perform ophthalmologic examinations before therapy and reassess regularly Assess patients and familys knowledge of drug therapy; provide health education about the drug

DRUG NAME

DOSAGE/ FORM/ ROUTE/ FREQUEN CY

CLASSIFICATION

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic: Insulin

Brand Name: Biogesic

Antidiabetic drug; Shortacting insulin

Decreases blood glucose; by transport of glucose into cells and the conversion of glucose to glycogen indirectly increases blood pruvate and lactate, decreases phosphate and potassium.

Managemen t o type 2 DM which cannot be controlled by diet, exercise or weight reduction alone.

Hypoglycemi a, insulinoma, hypersensitivi ty reactions. IV administratio n of insulin suspension, diabetic coma

Lipodystrop hy; insulin resistance; allergic reactions that include redness, pain, itching, hives, swelling or inflammatio n. Hypoglycem ia, temporary visual impairment,. Insulin administrati on may cause insulin antibodies to form. Edema and refraction anomalies.

Obtain patients history and any known allergies. Monitor fasting blood glucose, 2 hours after meals; also glycosylated Hgb may be measured to identify treatment effectiveness. Monitor body weight periodically; changes in weight may necessitate Assess for hypoglycemic reaction that can occur during peak time Observe inj.

sites for signs and symptoms of local hypersensitivity such as redness, itching, or burning.

DRUG NAME

DOSAGE/ FORM/ ROUTE/ FREQUEN CY

CLASSIFICATION

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic: Clindamycin

300 mg tab p.o

Anti-biotic

Brand Name: Dalacin

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50s subunit of the ribosomes

Alternative to penicillin in some severe staphylococ cal and streptococc al infections.

Hypersensitiv ity to lincosamides. Severe renal and hepatic impairment.

Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, abnormal taste. Agranulocyt osis, leucopenia, and thrombocyto penia.

Assess patient for signs and symptoms of infection. Assess complete culture and sensitivity testing before start of drug therapy Assess patient with poor renal function; drug is excreted slowly in poor

renal system function Monitor urine output Monitor for bleeding

DRUG NAME

DOSAGE/ FORM/ ROUTE/ FREQUEN CY

CLASSIFICATION

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic: Coamoxiclac

625mg tab BID p.o.

Antiinfective

Brand Name: Augmentin

Combination of amoxicillin, a B lactam anti-biotic; with clavulanic acid, results in an antibiotic with an increase spectrum of action and the stored efficacy against B lactamase producing amoxicillin-

Stimulation, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, hepatotoxici ty, rash, urticaria, hypersensiti vity

Assess patients fever: temperature, diaphoresis Assess allergic reactions Assess hepatotoxicity Monitor liver and renal functions Check input and output ratio

resistant bacteria