Work and Energy Practice Questions

1. Calculate the work done in each of the scenarios below. a) A person uses 1.00 x 102 N to move a 15.0 kg object 5.0 m along the floor at a constant speed. b) 1.00 x 102 N of force is used at an angle of 30.0o to the horizontal to move a 15.0 kg object 5.0 m across a floor at a constant speed. c) A 15.0 kg object is moved straight up 5.0 m at a constant speed. 2. A person carries a 200.0 N package up a flight of stairs that has a height of 10.0 m. The horizontal force needed for these stairs was 50.0 N for a horizontal distance of 35.0 m. How much work does the person do on the package during this entire motion? 3. A force of 50.0 N acts on the block at 30.0o to the horizontal, moving it a horizontal distance of 3.0 m. How much work is done? 4. How much work is done by an applied force to lift a 15-Newton block 3.0 meters vertically at a constant speed? 5. A person with a mass of 80.0 kg runs at a constant speed up some stairs that have a vertical height of 8.0 m. Determine the amount of vertical work done. 6. Calculate the work done by a 2.00 N force directed 30.0 to the vertical to move a 5.00 x 102 g box a horizontal distance of 4.00 x 102 cm across a floor at a constant speed of 0.5 m/s. (make sure to convert any necessary units.) 7. A 3.25 x 102 kg metal box is dragged across a flat cement floor by a chain aligned at an angle of 65.0o to the vertical. The frictional coefficient of the floor is 0.450. What should be the magnitude of F so that the net work done by it and the kinetic frictional force is zero? 8. A starship is travelling through space at a velocity of 2.25 x 104 m/s and has a mass of 6.75 x 104 kg. The thrusters push the starship along with a constant force of 3.18 x 105 N, causing a displacement of 2.50 x 106 m. What is the final velocity of the starship? 9. The hammer throw is a track and field event in which a 7.3 kg ball (the hammer), starting from rest, is whirled around in a circle several times and released. It then moves upward on the familiar curving path of projectile

motion. In one throw, the hammer is given a speed of 29 m/s. Determine the work done to launch the motion of the hammer. 10. A 0.075 kg arrow is fired horizontally. The bowstring exerts an average force of 65 N on the arrow over a distance of 0.90 m. With what speed does the arrow leave the bow? 11. A 65.0 kg jogger is running at a speed of 5.30 m/s. a) What is the kinetic energy of the jogger? b) How much work is done by the net external force that accelerates the jogger to 5.30 m/s from rest? 13. A cart is loaded with and object and pulled at constant speed along an inclined plane to the top. If the mass of the loaded cart is 3.0 kg and the height reached is 0.45 m, what is the potential energy of the loaded cart? 14. If a force of 15.0 N is used to drag the loaded cart from previous question along the incline for a distance of 0.90 m, how much work is done on the loaded cart? 15. Determine the kinetic energy of a 1000.0 kg roller coaster car that is moving with a speed of 20.0 m/s. 16. If the roller coaster car in the above problem were moving with twice the speed, then what would be its new kinetic energy? 17. A 50.0 kg diver jumping off a platform had a kinetic energy of 1.50 x 10 4 J just before hitting the water. What is the diver's speed? 18. A 7.50 x 10 2 kg compact car moving at 100.0 km/hr has approximately 2.90 x 105 J of kinetic energy. What is the kinetic energy of the same car if it is moving at 50.0 km/hr? (Either convert km/hr to m/s and use the formula, or try and use proportional reasoning to find your answer) 19. Two people are in the weightlifting room. Ken lifts a 45.0 kg barbell over his head 20 times in 60.0 s. Doug lifts the same barbell over his head 20 times in 10.0 s. a) Which person does the most work? b) Which person delivers the most power? 20. A work-energy theorem question. A slingshot fires a pebble from the top of a building at a speed of 10.0 m/s. The building is 20.0 m tall. Ignoring air resistance, find the speed with which the pebble strikes the ground when the pebble is fired:

a) horizontally b) vertically straight down c) vertically straight up 21. Michael has double the mass of Albert. Both run up a ramp, but Albert reaches the top of the ramp in half the time. a) Which person did the most work? b) Which person showed the most power? 22. A person lifts their 60.0 kg body a distance of 0.350 m in 2.00 s. How much power is this person using? 23. An average of 30 passengers, each of which is about 70.0 kg in mass, use an escalator to go to the second floor in a department store every 2.00 minutes. If the second floor is 4.50 m above the main floor, how much power does the escalator use? 25. At an angle of 40.0 o to the horizontal, a 300.0 N force is applied to an object to move a 15.0 kg object at a constant speed for 20.0 m. How much work is done? 26. What is the definition of potential energy? Name two types of potential energy 27. What is the potential energy of a 75 N object that is carried up a ladder from the ground to a height of 15 m? 28. Define kinetic energy. 29. What is the approximate kinetic energy of a 5.0 kg bowling ball rolling along at 2.5 m/s? 31. Define mechanical energy. 32. What power is spent to lift a brick when 800.0 J is used to lift the brick 3.0 m in 5.0 seconds? 33. A person lifts their 80.0 kg body up to a bar while doing a chin-up. If this person raised their body up a distance of 45 cm in a time of 3.0 s, how much power was being used? 34. Use the work-energy theorem to solve this question. A trebuchet is loaded with a boulder and mounted at the top of a 45.0 m cliff. It's about to fire when it malfunctions and fires the boulder nearly straight up into the air, just clearing the cliff edge and falling to the ground below. It shot the boulder up with a speed of 17.2 m/s. With what speed does the boulder hit the ground?