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FLAWED
Flaw Manufacturing Technology SPECIMEN
CATEGORIES
Includes all standard kit Includes all advanced Includes all ASME Section
specimens and all ut & specimens, api-ut-1 kit & XI Appendix VIII specimens
mt/pt practical exam all asme section xi and most of the custom
specimens. appendix vii specimen bank. designed specimens.
1
FLAWTECH
Flaw Manufacturing Technology DISCONTINUITIES
LIST
30 POROSITY (SUB-SURFACE) SV / DV - - UT RT
31 POROSITY (SUB-SURFACE) FILLET - - UT RT
32 POROSITY (SURFACE) SV / DV VT MT/PT - -
33 POROSITY (SURFACE) FILLET VT MT/PT - -
34 SINGLE GAS PORE SV / DV - - UT RT
35 SINGLE GAS PORE FILLET - - - RT
36 SLAG INCLUSION (ROOT AREA) SV - - UT RT
37 SLAG INCLUSION (WELD GROOVE AREA) SV / DV - - UT RT
38 SLAG INCLUSION (ROOT AREA) FILLET - - UT RT
39 TUNGSTEN INCLUSION (ROOT AREA) SV / DV - - - RT
70 ROOT CONCAVITY SV VT - - RT
71 EXCESS ROOT PENETRATION SV VT - - RT
72 MISALIGNMENT (ROOT & CROWN AREA) SV VT - - RT
73 UNEVEN LEG LENGTH FILLET VT - - -
74 EXCESS CROWN SV / DV VT - - -
75 EXCESS CROWN FILLET VT - - -
76 CONCAVE CROWN SV / DV VT - - -
77 CONCAVE CROWN FILLET VT - - -
78 UNDERCUT SV / DV VT - - -
79 UNDERCUT FILLET VT - - -
80 OVERLAP FILLET VT MT/PT - -
90 WELD SPATTER SV / DV VT - VT RT
91 WELD SPATTER FILLET VT - VT RT
92 CHIPPING HAMMER MARKS SV / DV VT - VT RT
93 CHIPPING HAMMER MARKS FILLET VT - VT -
HOW TO REQUEST A CUSTOM SPECIMEN
1ST 2ND 3RD
SELECT A TOLERANCE SELECT YOUR FLAWS SELECT THE MATERIAL
Standard +/-0.150” (4mm) FROM THE ABOVE TABLE TYPE, WELD PREP GEOMETRY
Advanced +/-0.080” (2mm) OR SPECIFY YOUR AND THE REQUIRED NDT
Critical +/-0.040” (1mm) SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS METHOD OF INSPECTION
2
STANDARD KIT
Flaw Manufacturing Technology SPECIMENS
REV. 10-10
FLAWTECH STANDARD
KIT SPECIMENS ARE
DESIGNED TO ENHANCE
THE TRAINING AND
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW
AND VETERAN TECHNICIANS
SPECIAL
DEMONSTRATION KIT KITS
5 CARBON STEEL SPECIMENS
2 RT, 1 UT, 1 VT & 1 MT/PT SPECIMENS
TOTAL OF 11 REAL FLAWS
INCLUDES DOCUMENTATION AND CASE
REFERENCE RADIOGRAPHS
TOTAL OF 16 RADIOGRAPHS
SHOWING 20 REAL FLAWS
PLUS 6 PROCESSING DEFECTS
INCLUDES DOCUMENTATION AND FILM
Actual X-Ray film is provided for each specimen. Specimens 12. Root Crack in Single Vee 14. Centerline Crack, Single
MT/PT, UT, RT Vee (surface breaking)
are packaged in 2 FREE CARRYING CASES. Complete with MT/PT, UT, RT
Document Package with "Flaw Truth" documented by CAD
drawings with a Standard Tolerance of ±0.150" (4mm).
31. Porosity in Fillet 34. Single Gas Pore in Single 36. Slag Inclusion in Single Vee 37. Slag Inclusion in Single Vee
30. Porosity in Double Vee (sub-surface) UT, RT Vee UT, RT (root area) UT, RT (weld groove area) UT, RT
(sub-surface) UT, RT
70. Root Concavity in Single 71. Excess Root Penetration 72. Misalignment, Root & Crown 90. Weld Spatter on Single Vee 92. Chipping Hammer Marks
Vee VT, RT in Single Vee VT, RT in Single Vee VT, RT VT, RT on Single Vee, VT, RT
17. Transverse Crack in Single 19. Base Metal Crack in Single 30. Porosity in Double Vee
18. Base Metal Crack in Single 31. Porosity in Fillet
Vee, flush crown Vee (bottom HAZ area) (sub-surface) UT, RT
Vee (top HAZ area) (sub-surface) UT, RT
MT/PT, UT MT/PT, UT
MT/ PT, UT
38. Slag Inclusion in Fillet 50. Lamination in Single Vee 52. Lack of Fusion in Single Vee
34. Single Gas Pore in Single 37. Slag Inclusion in Single Vee
(root area) UT, RT (base metal) UT (crown area) UT
Vee UT, RT (weld groove area) UT, RT
55. Lack of Fusion in Single Vee 56. Incomplete Root Penetration 57. Incomplete Root Penetration in 59. Incomplete Groove Weld
(surface breaking at root ) in Single Vee, VT, UT, RT Double Vee, UT, RT (crown area)
MT/PT, UT VT, MT/PT, UT, RT
VISIT FLAWTECH WEBSITE OR CALL FOR PRICE INFORMATION 12. Root Crack in Single Vee 14. Centerline Crack, Single Vee
MT/PT, UT, RT (surface breaking)
MT/PT, UT, RT
16. Circumferential Crack in 17. Transverse Crack in Single 18. Base Metal Crack in Single 19. Base Metal Crack in Single 20. Crater Crack in Single Vee
Single Vee, flush crown Vee, flush crown Vee (top HAZ area) Vee (bottom HAZ area) (surface stop-start area)
MT/PT, UT MT/PT, UT MT/ PT, UT MT/PT, UT MT/PT, VT
32. Porosity in Single Vee 33. Porosity in Fillet 51. Lamination in Weld Prep 53. Lack of Fusion in Single Vee 54. Lack of Fusion in Fillet
(surface breaking) (surface breaking) MT/PT (surface breaking at crown ) (surface breaking at crown )
VT, MT/PT VT, MT/PT MT/PT, UT MT/PT
8"
(200mm)
4"
55. Lack of Fusion in Single Vee 80. Overlap in Fillet (100mm)
(surface breaking at root ) VT, MT/PT
MT/PT, UT
I.D. LABEL 8"
(200mm)
4"
(100mm)
4"
(100mm)
4"
(100mm)
CROSS SECTION VIEW 20. Crater Crack in Single Vee 32. Porosity in Single Vee 33. Porosity in Fillet
I.D. 0.25" (surface stop-start area) (surface breaking) (surface breaking)
LABEL REFERENCE EDGE
(6mm) MT/PT, VT VT, MT/PT VT, MT/PT
Drawings Not to Scale
73. Uneven Leg Length in Fillet 74. Excess Crown in Single Vee 75. Excess Crown in Fillet 76. Concave Crown in Single Vee 77. Concave Crown in Fillet
VT VT VT VT VT
78. Undercut in Single Vee 79. Undercut in Fillet 80. Overlap in Fillet 90. Weld Spatter on Single Vee 91. Weld Spatter on Filler
VT VT VT, MT/PT VT, RT VT, RT
7
NDT
DEMONSTRATION
KIT
The NDT Demonstration Kit contains: APPLICABLE NDT
METHOD UT RT MT PT VT
1 Pipe, 3 Plates and 1 Tee
11 Discontinuities, "REAL FLAWS", randomly placed 11 - Toe Crack (fillet) X X X
15 - Center Line Crack X X
Specimens are packaged in a FREE CARRYING CASE. The
"Flaw Truth" is documented on CAD drawings with a standard 18 - Base Metal Crack X X X
tolerance of +/- 0.150" (4mm). 19 - Base Metal Crack X X X
This Kit contains actual X-Ray film for RT specimens and a 20 - Crater Crack X X X
"Flaw Locator" for UT specimens. 30 - Porosity (single vee) X X
This standard NDT Demonstration Kit contains 11 flaws in 5 32 - Porosity (surface) X X X
specimens. The flaws in these specimens can be examined by 37 - Slag Inclusion X X
several different NDT methods to demonstrate the advantages
and disadvantages of each NDT method. See Kit Price List for
54 - Lack of Fusion X X
cost and listings of other flaw types available only from FlawTech. 57 - Incomplete Root X X
VISIT FLAWTECH WEBSITE OR CALL FOR PRICE INFORMATION 71 - Excess Root X X
8"
I.D. LABEL
(200mm)
REFERENCE DATUM
I.D. LABEL 8"
(200mm) CROSS SECTION
VIEW 4"
(100mm)
4"
(100mm)
0.337"
(8.6mm)
4"
8" (100mm)
0.25" & 0.625" CROSS SECTION VIEW (200mm)
4.5"
(6mm & 16mm) REFERENCE EDGE (114mm)
Demonstration Kit Flaw and Weld Prep Cross Sections Drawings Not to Scale
11. Toe Crack in Fillet 15. Center Line Crack in Double 18. Base Metal Crack in 19. Base Metal Crack in root
MT/PT, UT Vee (sub-surface) UT, RT Single Vee MT/ PT, UT HAZ. MT/PT, UT
20. Crater Crack (crown stop- 30. Porosity in Single Vee 32. Porosity in Single Vee 37. Slag Inclusion in Single
start area) MT/PT, VT (sub-surface) UT, RT (surface) VT, MT/PT Vee, UT, RT
54. Lack of Fusion in Fillet 57. Incomplete Root Penetration 71. Excess Root in
(surface breaking) MT/PT in Double Vee, UT, RT Single Vee RT, VT
Broc-Demo-A 10-08
Shipping Weight 35lbs 8
Flaw Manufacturing Technology
PRACTICAL EXAM
SPECIMENS
REV. 10-10
DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
PRACTICAL EXAM SPECIMENS ARE LARGER THAN OUR “STANDARD”
KIT SPECIMENS
9
ULTRASONIC
Flaw Manufacturing Technology PRACTICAL EXAM
SPECIMENS
PLATES & SHEETS BAR & ROD STOCK BAR & ROD STOCK
P101 P102 P103
4"
2"
6"
90° 8"
6"
8"
2" SCH160 (.344" T) 2" SCH160 to .375" PLATE 2" SCH160 PIPE to COUPLING
WELDED PLATE WELDED PLATE WELDED PIPING
P107 P108 P109
12" 6"
8" 10
"
0.5" x 8" x 12" 1.0" x 6" x 10" 4" SCH160 (0.53" T) x 8"
LAP JOINT FORGED PIPE FLANGE WELDED TEE
P110 P111 P112
12"
8"
6"
0.5" x 12" x 6" 6" OD x 0.75" thick 0.5" x 8" x 8" x 4"
Specimen Details:
3 Flaws per Specimen Specimens are Carbon Steel
"REAL FLAWS" in Each Specimen Custom Specimens Available
Document Package w/ Each Specimen Discount & Free Carrying Case
Standard Tolerance +/- 0.150" (4mm) with Purchase of 3+ Specimens
Blank Specimens Available Applicable for ISO9712, EN473,
PCN and TC-1A
10
MT / PT
Flaw Manufacturing Technology PRACTICAL EXAM
SPECIMENS
End Front
View View
2.0" to 1.3" reducer, 5" long 1.75" diameter x 8" 1.25" OD x 6"
FORGED EYE HOOK FORGED SHACKLE & PIN FORMED METAL PLATE
P004 P005 P006
2.75"
3"
4"
6" long with 2" eye 4.25" with 0.75" pin 0.25" x 4"
12"
0.25" x 8" x 12" 4" SCH40 (0.25" T) x 8" 6" OD x 0.75" thick
MACHINED GEAR WELDED TEE PIPE to SOCKET WELD
P010 P011 P012
2"
6"
8"
4.6" diameter x 1.5" bore 0.25" x 8" x 8" x 4" 2" SCH160 PIPE to COUPLING
Visio Exam MTBroc 2009
Specimen Details:
3 Flaws per specimen Specimens are carbon steel
"REAL FLAWS" in each specimen Custom Specimens Available
Each Specimen has Document Package Discount & Free Carrying Case
Standard Tolerance +/- 0.15" (4mm) with Purchase of 3+ Specimens
Blank Specimens available Applicable for ISO9712, EN473,
PCN and TC-1A
11
12
ADVANCED
Flaw Manufacturing Technology
SPECIMENS
REV. 10-10
13
API-UT-1 FLAWED
Flaw Manufacturing Technology
SPECIMEN KIT
REV. 10-10
API-UT-1KIT CONTAINS:
TOTAL OF 1 - 1.0” THICK PLATE W/ DOUBLE VEE (1” X 12” X 15”)
1 - 0.5” THICK PLATE W/ SINGLE VEE (0.5” X 10” X 12”)
4 1 - 8” SCH 80 PIPE (0.5” WALL X 12”, 360°)
SPECIMENS 1 - 12” SCH 80 PIPE (0.688” WALL X 12”, 180° SEG.)
AF
Ki
FlawTech
t
EST. 1982
“REAL FLAWS”
USED IN KIT SPECIMENS
LACK OF PENETRATION
CENTER LINE CRACK
SLAG INCLUSION
LACK OF FUSION
ROOT CRACK
POROSITY
14
API-UT-1
Flaw Manufacturing Technology MINI KIT
REV. 10-10
e ch Origin
wT al
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SPECIMENS AND FLAWS ARE HALF SIZE
AF
Ki
FlawTech
t
EST. 1982
SET OF 3 SPECIMENS
90° “T” CONNECTION
0.75” (T) x 20” (WELD LENGTH) x 4” x 8” LEG
45° CONNECTION
0.75” (T) x 20” (WELD LENGTH) x 4” x +8” LEG
60° CONNECTION
0.75” (T) x 20” (WELD LENGTH) x 4” X +8” lEG
Ki
FlawTech
EACH SPECIMEN CONTAINS 4 FLAWS / 12 TOTAL EST. 1982 t
REAL FLAWS
REAL FLAWS
4 - TEES 4” X 6” X 2” X 0.25” - UNDERSIZE LEG
4 - PLATES 4” X 6” 0.25” - CLUSTER POROSITY
2 - EDGE & LAP JOINTS - ARC STRIKE
4” X 6” X 0.3125” - OVERLAP
- LONGITUDINAL CRACK
- ALIGNED POROSITY
AWS/CWI KIT - INCOMPLETE PENETRATION
- EXCESSIVE REINFORCEMENT
DESIGN - UNDERFILL
FEATURES - CONCAVITY
- TRANSVERSE CRACK
- OVERSIZE LEG
2 FLAWS PER SPECIMEN AWS / CWI KIT FLAWS
FLAW’S ARE RANDOMLY PLACED
DOCUMENT PACKAGE
W/ CAD DRAWINGS
w Tech Origina
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AF
Ki
FlawTech
t
EST. 1982
17
AWS / CWI PLUS
Flaw Manufacturing Technology PT ENDORSEMENT
KIT REV. 10-10
REAL FLAWS
AND EPRI IN THE
REAL FLAWS
2 - PLATES 4” X 6” X 0.25”
1 - PIPE 4”SCH80 X 6” DEVELOPMENT OF
1 - TEE 4” X 6” X 2” X 0.25” THIS KIT.
1 - SOCKET WELD 2”SCH80 X 6”
5 - PLATES 1” X 4” X 0.25” THE KIT HAS BEEN
DESIGNED TO
INCORPORATE BOTH
BASIC PENETRANT
AWS/CWI PLUS TRAINING AND
KIT DESIGN TESTING OF THE CWI.
FEATURES AWS/CWI CERTIFIED KIT
DOCUMENT PACKAGE
CONTAINS “AS BUILT” CAD
DRAWINGS
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AF
Ki
FlawTech
t
EST. 1982
18
AWS STRUCTURAL
Flaw Manufacturing Technology WELD SEISMIC
KIT REV. 10-10
ch Origin
wTe al
la
AWS SEISMIC SUPPLEMENT FOR UT TESTING
AF
Ki
FlawTech
t
EST. 1982
3 ALLOY PIPE
OPTIONS DIMENSIONS
304 S/S 0.75” SCH80
316 S/S 1.0” SCH 80
106 C/S 2.0” SCH 80
2 SPECIMENS FLAW
PER PIPE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS
(1) PIPE TO 2 FLAWS EACH
SOCKET SPECIMEN
COUPLING TOTAL OF 12
(1) PIPE TO REAL FLAWS
1.5”x6”x6” FATIGUE & HAZ
PLATE w/ CRACKS and
MACHINED LACKS OF
SOCKET FUSION
ech Origina
wT
PURCHASE OPTIONS la l
AF
Ki
FlawTech
KIT / Set Contains 6 Specimens
t
EST. 1982
INDIVIDUALLY / Purchase 1 or more
CUSTOMIZE YOUR SET / Mix Different Alloys
20
BOILER TUBE
Flaw Manufacturing Technology DAMAGE KIT
REV. 10-10
OFFICIALLY
LICENSED BY
KIT CONTAINS
19 BOILER TUBES:
REPRESENTING A COMPLETE RANGE OF FOSSIL- FIRED BOILER TUBE FAILURE MECHANISMS
STEAM AND WATER TOUCHED
TUBE SPECIFICATIONS:
18 TUBES AT 2.5”OD X 0.25” WALL X 8” LONG
1 TUBE AT 1.5” X 0.25” WALL X 8” LONG
MATERIAL:
17 TUBES ARE SA513 T5 GR1020/1026 C/S
1 TUBE IS 304/304L
1 DISSIMILAR METAL WELD
FLAWS / INDICATIONS
- LONG TERM OVEREATING/CREEP
- FIRE SIDE CORROSION (COAL)
- TOE CRACK, STRESS CORROSION (STAINLESS)
- SOOT BLOWER EROSION
- FATIGUE CRACK (TOE)
- MAINTENANCE DAMAGE
- PITTING
- RUBBING/FRETTING
- CHEMICAL CLEANING DAMAGE (THINNING & PITTING) ech Origina
- MATERIAL FLAW (FORGING LAP) awT l
- CORROSION FATIGUE CRACK l
AF
Ki
- FLY ASH EROSION, HYDROGEN DAMAGE FlawTech
t
- ACID PHOSPHATE CORROSION EST. 1982
- CAUSTIC GOUGING
- SUPERCRITICAL WATERWALL CRACKING (1.5” OD TUBE)
- WELD DEFECTS (LACK OF FUSION & POROSITY)
- GRAPHITIZATION
12" 12"
0.5"
1.0"
2.375"
10" 10"
10.75"
4.50" 6.625"
ASME SECTION XI
Flaw Manufacturing Technology APPENDIX VIII KITS
REV. 10-10
FLAW DEPTHS WILL RANGE FROM THE 10 - 30% THROUGH THE 61 - 100%
DEPTH RANGES AS SPECIFIED IN ASME SECTION XI, APPENDIX VIII.
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wTe
CUSTOM APPENDIX VIII SPECIMENS ARE AVAILABLE - CONTACT FLAWTECH FOR
al
DETAILS. la
AF
Ki
FlawTech
t
EST. 1982
23
UT CALIBRATION
Flaw Manufacturing Technology
BLOCKS
IIW Blocks
Step Wedges
Standard and Metric
AWS Blocks
ASTM Blocks
Distance / Area Amplitude
The PDI Alternative ASME blocks meet the requirements of the Performance Demonstration
Initiative (PDI) Procedure No. PDI-UT-1, Rev. C, Fig. 4(Ferritic) and PDI-UT-2, Rev. C,
Fig.4(Austenitic).
These blocks cover the generic procedures for the ultrasonic examination of both ferritic and
austenitic pipe welds.
The blocks offer users an economical alternative to fabricating multiple curved cal blocks (pipe
sections) in many diameters and wall thicknesses.
The blocks are normally supplied in sets of 3 individual blocks; A516 Grade 70 Carbon Steel, Type
304/304L Stainless Steel, and also in Type 316/316L Stainless Steel. Individual blocks of any one
alloy may also be purchased. The blocks are made from ultrasonically inspected, heat number-
traceable material.
The block design consists of four (4) steps (representing wall thicknesses) measuring 0.5", 1.0",
1.5", and 2.0". Each step contains an EDM notch machined to a depth of 10% of wall x .010" wide
x 2.0" long. Overall block size is 2.00" wide x 2.25" tall x 10.00" long.
The scanning and reflecting surfaces are intentionally machined to simulate pipe and plate
surfaces of 250 Ra maximum finish. Each block is permanently machine-engraved on one edge to
include the block description, serial number, alloy, and heat number.
Mag netic Particle / Liquid Penetrant Te sting Kit (MT/PT Ki t)- Part # MK-1
8 Each - Plate s ( 0. 250"T x 4"W x 8 "L)
2 Each - Tee (0.25 0"T x 4"W x 4" H x 8" L)
35 Lbs
28
KIT
Flaw Manufacturing Technology RENTALS
REV. 8-10
29