2 Name Register Number Class

MACPHERSON SECONDARY SCHOOL

SCIENCE (PHYSICS/CHEMISTRY) SCIENCE (PHYSICS/BIOLOGY) PAPER 1 Multiple Choice SEPTEMBER 2010
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION SECONDARY FOUR EXPRESS / FIVE NORMAL (ACADEMIC)

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1 hour

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so. Write your name, class and register number on top of this page and on any separate answer paper used. There are twenty questions in this paper. Answer all questions. For each question, there are four possible answers, A, B, C or D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate answer sheet. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. Take g = 10 m/s2 and weight of 1 kg mass = 10 N At the end of the examination : Hand in the Optical Mark Sheet for Section A separately.

This question paper consists of 10 printed pages including this page. [Turn over

2 1 What is the reading shown by the vernier calipers below?

cm 0

A 2

4.05 cm

4.23 cm

4.25 cm

4.33 cm

A moving object goes on a path as shown below. The time taken for each section is also shown 40 km in 1 hr End 10 km Start point 30 km in 30 mins 20 km in 30 mins

What are the distance and displacement covered by the object? Distance / km A B C D 100 10 90 90 Displacement / km 10 100 10 90

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3 3 A block of mass is pulled across a rough surface by a force of 60 N, against a frictional force of 12 N. The acceleration of the block is 3 ms-2. Find the value of the mass of block. A 4 4 kg B 16 kg C 20 kg D 24 kg

To determine the density of sand, the measurements shown in the diagram below are obtained.

empty

sand

water

water sand

mass = 308 g

mass = 1 200 g

mass = 808 g

mass = 1 500 g

Given that the density of water is 1.0 g cm-3, what is the density of sand? A B C D 5 2.22 g cm-3 2.47 g cm-3 3.13 g cm-3 4.46 g cm-3

Which of the following objects, when displaced, is seen to be in neutral equilibrium? A B C D A heavy weight suspended on a string. A pencil balanced on its sharp tip. A cone resting on its slant edge. A pyramid resting on its base.

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A water skier is being towed forward by a boat at a constant speed v. The frictional force on the skier is Fs and that on the boat is Fb. What is the power delivered by the boat? A B C D Fs + Fb + v (Fs + Fb) v v + Fb - Fs (Fs + Fb) / v

Which of the following statements that describe a liquid when heated is incorrect? A B C D The molecules expand. The molecules gain energy. The molecules move further apart. The molecules move faster.

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The diagram shows a thick copper plate that is very hot. One side is black, the other is shiny. A student places her hands the same distance from each side as shown.

What can she conclude? A B C D 9 The black side radiates more heat. The shiny side radiates more heat. The black side is hotter than the shiny one. The shiny side is cooling down faster than the black side.

Ice is taken from a freezer and left in a room. The ice melts and eventually the water reaches room temperature. Which energy transfers take place? energy transfer during melting A B C D from ice to room from ice to room from room to ice from room to ice energy transfer after melting from water to room from room to water from room to water from water to room

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10

What is the distance between P and Q in the wave form below? P Q

A B C D 11

half a wavelength a wavelength amplitude displacement

A brick of weight 80 N stands upright on the ground as shown. What is the pressure it exerts on the ground? 5 cm 10 cm

20 cm
ground

80 Ncm-2 20 10 20 10 Ncm-2 80 80 Ncm-2 10 5 10 5 Ncm-2 80

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12

The refractive index of glass is 1.55. A light ray inside glass makes an angle of incidence of 50o with the glass surface. Which of the diagram below shows the path of the light ray correctly?

air

air

50O

glass

50O

glass

C
50O

air

D
50O

air

glass

glass

13

Which of the following components of the electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?

A B C D

X-rays Microwaves Infra-red radiation Ultra-violet radiation

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14

An electronic synthesizer produces two pure notes X and Y as shown below.

Which of the following statements about X and Y is incorrect?

A B C D 15

X is louder than Y. X and Y have the same speed.

Frequency of Y is higher than X. Pitch of X is higher than Y.

The human audible range of frequencies is 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. If the speed of sound is 330 ms-1, what is the longest wavelength, in m, which can be detected?

330 20000

20 330

330 20

20000 330

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16

The figure below represents the electric field lines in the vicinity of two isolated electric charges, X and Y

Which statement identifies the charges of X and Y?

A B C D 17

X is negative and Y is positive X is positive and Y is negative X and Y are both positive X and Y are both negative

The diagram shows four pieces of copper wires. Which piece of copper wire has the least resistance?

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10

18

A current of 2 mA is flowing through a wire. How long will it take for 6 coulombs of charge to pass?

A B C D 19

3.0 x 10-3 s 3.0 s 3.0 x 102 s 3.0 x 103 s

An electric toaster has a label underneath with the following information: 220 - 230 V, 750 W Which is the most suitable fuse for use in the plug?

A 20

13 A

5A

3A

1A

The diagram shows an electron beam just before it enters a magnetic field that is parallel to the plane of this page.

magnetic field

Electron beam

How will the electron beam be deflected?

A B C D

towards the bottom of this page towards the top of this page out of this page into this page

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11

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

B C B D C B A A C B C D A D C C D D B C

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Name

Register Number

Class

MACPHERSON SECONDARY SCHOOL

SCIENCE (PHYSICS/CHEMISTRY) SCIENCE (PHYSICS/BIOLOGY) PAPER 2 PHYSICS AUGUST 2010
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION SECONDARY FOUR EXPRESS / FIVE NORMAL (ACADEMIC) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so. Write your name, class and register number on top of this page and on any separate answer paper used. Section A Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided. Section B Answer any two questions. Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided. Start each question on a fresh page. At the end of the examination, 1. fasten all separate answer paper securely to the answer booklet; 2. enter the numbers of the Section B questions you have answered on the answer booklet. Take g = 10 m/s2 and weight of 1 kg mass = 10 N At the end of the examination : Fasten any separate answer paper used securely to the question paper.

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1 hour 15 minutes

For Examiners Use Section A Section B TOTAL

This question paper consists of 15 printed pages including this page. [Turn over

2 Section A (45 Marks) Answer all the questions in the answer booklet provided. 1 (a) Complete the table below to show what property is measured by each of the instruments listed. State the correct unit. [2] Instrument spring balance micrometer ammeter ampere Property measured weight Unit

(b)

A stone was dropped from rest and allowed to fall freely. Neglecting air resistance, state whether the following quantities increased, decreased or stayed the same as the stone was falling. [2] (i) (ii) Speed .

Acceleration ..

(a)

State 2 ways to make an object more stable?

[2]

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................... (b) Determine and explain whether a wine glass would be more stable if it is full or empty. [2]

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................... ...........................................................................................................................

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3 3 The figure below shows a ship-to-ship cable, ABC, used by the navy to transfer people and goods from one ship to another in dangerous conditions. Initially, the angle of declination from each ship is 20o when a 1200 N object is suspended at the mid-point.

(a)

By using a suitable scale drawing, find the forces present in the cables AB and BC. [3]

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4 In very stormy weather, the sailors are always worried when they see the cable becoming horizontal because they know from experience that this can cause the cable to break. Such a broken cable often whips incredibly fast back to the decks of the ships causing severe injury or death. Explain why an almost horizontal cable is very likely to break. [2]

(b)

4 The graph below shows the temperature of a certain liquid as it is being heated by a bunsen burner.

Time/min
(a) What is the boiling point of the liquid and how long did it take to boil? Boiling point = . [2]

Time taken to boil = . (b) To make the liquid heat up faster, a student decided to change the container of the liquid. Suggest what colour and material should be used for the container. Justify your answer with a reason. [4] Colour : ...

Material: ...

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5 Explain why the temperature remains constant during boiling. 5 A girl uses a hand phone to communicate with her friend. The hand phone transmits radio waves that are of frequency 27 MHz. (a) State the speed of the radio waves as they travel from the hand phone through the air. [1] [2]

(c)

. (b) Calculate the wavelength of the radio waves used by the hand phone. [2]

Wavelength of the radio waves = . m (c) What is meant by the frequency is 27 MHz? [1]

. . 6 (a) A ray of light enters a plastic tube perpendicularly as shown in the figure below which is not drawn to scale.

air air plastic

(i)

If plastic has a refractive index of 1.6, determine the critical angle of the plastic. [1]

critical angle = ..
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6 For the tube to be used as a light guide or optic fibre, should we use plastic materials of higher refractive index or lower refractive index? Explain. [2] (b) The figure below shows an object AB and a ray of light leaving A and striking a converging lens L. The lens forms an image of A at the point A.

(ii)

(i) (ii) (iii)

Complete, on the figure, the path of the ray shown.

[1]

Draw a second ray to locate the position of the principal focus of the lens. Label this point F. [1] Draw ray(s) to locate the position of the image of B. Label this B. [1]

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7 The table shows that a wire of length l and cross-sectional area A has a resistance of 18 . length l 2l l 2l cross-sectional area A A 3A 2A resistance / 18

Complete the table for the other wires of the same material. 8 (a) Determine the polarity p and q of the following experiments. (i)

[3] [2]

Polarity of p = (ii)

..

S N q
Polarity of q = ..

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8 With the aid of a diagram, explain how an electric current may be used to demagnetise a permanent bar magnet. [3]

(b)

The diagram shows a wire AB connected to a switch S and a low voltage battery. The wire AB is placed between the poles of a magnet.

(a)

Describe what happens to wire AB when switch S is closed. Explain your answer briefly.

[2]

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9 What would be the effect on AB if (i) the poles of the magnet are reversed? [1]

(b)

..... (ii) the polarities of the battery are reversed? [1]

..... (iii) the resistor R is replaced by one with lower resistance? Explain. [2]

..... .....

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10

Section B (20 Marks) Answer any two questions from this section. Write your answers on answer paper provided. Begin every question on a fresh page. 10 The diagram shows the variation of the speed of a lorry as it travels along a level road. The lorry begins to brake at the time t = 20 s, and comes to rest when t = 24 s.

The lorry has a mass of 1000 kg and the forward driving force on the wheels is 1200 N. (a) For the first 20 s of the motion shown above, calculate (i) (ii) (iii) (b) (i) (ii) the distance travelled by the lorry, the work done by the driving force, the power supplied by the driving force. [1] [1] [1]

Calculate the kinetic energy of the lorry while it is travelling at constant speed. [2] When the lorry is travelling at a constant speed there is no change in its kinetic energy. Suggest what happens to the energy that is provided by the engine. [1] Question 10 continues

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11

Question 10 continues (c) During braking the speed of the lorry decreases uniformly. The engine no longer provides a driving force. (i) (ii) (iii) Calculate the deceleration of the lorry between t = 20 s and t = 24 s. [2] Calculate the total braking force acting on the lorry during this period.[1] Explain why the power dissipated in the brakes to slow the lorry down is greater at the beginning of the braking period [1]

11 O 800 m (a) E

Steel pipe

The diagram shows a large diameter steel pipe 800 m long (not drawn to scale). An experimenter at E bangs the pipe and his assistant at O listens for the sound reaching him. Explain why the assistant will hear two sounds, one arriving before the other.[3]

(b)

In an experiment to measure the time needed for the sound to travel through air from E to O, five different values of time were recorded; 2.0 s, 2.8 s, 2.5 s, 2.7 s, 2.3 s Find (i) (ii) (iii) the mean time the mean speed of sound in air. [1] [1]

Suggest why it is necessary to repeat the experiment several times to take the average. [1]

(c)

Further experiments were performed by; (i) (ii) striking the pipe harder. using a different pipe which has a much higher density than the original steel.

What would you expect to be the effect on the value obtained for the speed of sound through steel in each case? Explain. [4]

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12 Calculate the total resistance of the circuit below. [2]

12

(a)

(i)

A1

2
A2

3
A3

(ii) (b)

What are the current readings shown in ammeters A1, A2 and A3? [3]

In a household, it was noted that the rating of a kettle is 220 V, 2 kW while the oven rating is 220V, 2.5 kW. (i) The kettle is switched on for half an hour daily while the oven is switched on for 20 minutes daily. Given 1 kWh of electricity costs $0.18, calculate the monthly cost of electricity for using the kettle and oven. (Assume there are 30 days in a month.) [2] (ii) The diagram below shows how the kettle and oven are plugged into a 15 A socket.

Explain why this connection is dangerous. Show clearly all calculations you make in your explanation.

[3]

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13 Section B (20 Marks)

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14

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15

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Section A (45 Marks) Answer all the questions in the answer booklet provided. 1 (a) Complete the table below to show what property is measured by each of the instruments listed. State the correct unit. [2] Instrument spring balance micrometer ammeter Property measured weight length [m] current [m] Unit newton [m] millimeter [m] ampere

(b)

A stone was dropped from rest and allowed to fall freely. Neglecting air resistance, state whether the following quantities increased, decreased or stayed the same as the stone was falling. [2] (i) (ii) Speed Acceleration increased [1m] stayed the same [1m]

(a)

State 2 ways to make an object more stable? Centre of gravity as low as possible. [1m] Wide base. [1m]

[2]

(b)

Determine and explain whether a wine glass would be more stable if it is full or empty. [2]

When the glass is full, the c.g. will rise and go towards the heavier end, which is the top of the glass. [1m] If it is empty, the c.g. will be lower. Therefore, the wine glass will be more stable when empty. [1m]

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2 3 The figure below shows a ship-to-ship cable, ABC, used by the navy to transfer people and goods from one ship to another in dangerous conditions. Initially, the angle of declination from each ship is 20o when a 1200 N object is suspended at the mid-point.

(a)

By using a suitable scale drawing, find the forces present in the cables AB and BC. [3] 1m for diagram drawn accurately with correct arrows. 1m for answer. 1m for scale. Scale 1 cm : 100 N (accept 1 cm : 200 N)

Tension Force = 1755 N

1200 N

Force present in cables AB and BC is 1755 N

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3 (b) In very stormy weather, the sailors are always worried when they see the cable becoming horizontal because they know from experience that this can cause the cable to break. Such a broken cable often whips incredibly fast back to the decks of the ships causing severe injury or death. Explain why an almost horizontal cable is very likely to break. [2]

When the cable becomes horizontal, the tension force in them is much greater [1m] in order to balance with the weight of the object. [1m] This can results in the cable breaking. 4 The graph below shows the temperature of a certain liquid as it is being heated by a bunsen burner.

Time/min
(a) What is the boiling point of the liquid and how long did it take to boil? Boiling point = 70 oC [1m] [2]

Time taken to boil = 8 min [1m] (b) To make the liquid heat up faster, a student decided to change the container of the liquid. Suggest what colour and material should be used for the container. Justify your answer with a reason. [4] Colour : Material: the container should be painted black [1m] as black is a good absorber of heat [1m] the container should be made of metal [1m] as metal is a good conductor of heat [1m]

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4 (c) Explain why the temperature remains constant during boiling. [2]

During boiling, the heat supplied is being absorbed [1m] to overcome forces of attraction between molecules causing them to escape as gas particles [1m] 5 A girl uses a hand phone to communicate with her friend. The hand phone transmits radio waves that are of frequency 27 MHz. (a) State the speed of the radio waves as they travel from the hand phone through the air. 3 x 108 m/s [1m] (b) Calculate the wavelength of the radio waves used by the hand phone. V=f 3 x 108 m/s = 27 x 106 x [1m] = 11.1 m [1m] Wavelength of the radio waves = . m (c) What is meant by the frequency is 27 MHz? 27 000 000 waves are produced in one second. 6 (a) A ray of light enters a plastic tube perpendicularly as shown in the figure below which is not drawn to scale. [1] [2] [1]

air air plastic

(i)

If plastic has a refractive index of 1.6, determine the critical angle of the plastic. [1] sin c = 1 / c = sin-1 (1/1.6) = 38.7 [1m] critical angle = ..

(ii)

For the tube to be used as a light guide or optic fibre, should we use plastic materials of higher refractive index or lower refractive index? Explain. [2] Plastic of higher refractive index [1m] as the critical angle will be smaller and therefore greater % of incident rays will undergo total internal reflection. [1m]
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5 (b) The figure below shows an object AB and a ray of light leaving A and striking a converging lens L. The lens forms an image of A at the point A. L

(i) (ii) (iii)

Complete, on the figure, the path of the ray shown.

[1]

Draw a second ray to locate the position of the principal focus of the lens. Label this point F. [1] Draw ray(s) to locate the position of the image of B. Label this B. [1]

L [1m] [1m] F B

B [1m]

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6 7 The figure shows that a wire of length l and cross-sectional area A has a resistance of 18 . length l 2l l 2l cross-sectional area A A 3A 2A resistance / 18 36 6 18

Complete the table for the other wires of the same material. 8 (a) Determine the polarity p and q of the following experiments. (i)

[3] [2]

Polarity of p = (ii)

South [1m]

S N q
Polarity of q = North [1m]

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7 (b) With the aid of a diagram, explain how an electric current may be used to demagnetise a permanent bar magnet. [3]

Diagram [1m] Magnet is placed in solenoid connected to alternating current supply. [1m] Magnet is slowly withdrawn from solenoid in an east-west direction. [1m] Magnet is now demagnetised.

The diagram shows a wire AB connected to a switch S and a low voltage battery. The wire AB is placed between the poles of a magnet.

(a)

Describe what happens to wire AB when switch S is closed. Explain your answer briefly. Wire AB moves to the right [1m]. According to Flemings left-hand rule, a force acted on the wire when it is placed inside a magnetic field with a current flowing through it. [1m]

[2]

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8 (b) What would be the effect on AB if (i) the poles of the magnet are reversed? Wire AB moves to the left [1m] (ii) the polarities of the battery are reversed? Wire AB moves to the left [1m] (iii) the resistor R is replaced by one with lower resistance? Explain. The force acting on the wire AB increased [1m] as the current is increased [1m] when resistor R has a lower resistance. [2] [1] [1]

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9 Section B (20 Marks) Answer any two questions from this section. Write your answers on answer paper provided. Begin every question on a fresh page. 10 The diagram shows the variation of the speed of a lorry as it travels along a level road. The lorry begins to brake at the time t = 20 s, and comes to rest when t = 24 s.

The lorry has a mass of 1000 kg and the forward driving force on the wheels is 1200 N. (a) For the first 20 s of the motion shown above, calculate (i) the distance travelled by the lorry, distance travelled = area under graph = 15 x 20 = 300 m [1m] (ii) the work done by the driving force, work done = force x distance = 1200 x 300 = 360 000 J [1m] (iii) the power supplied by the driving force. power = work done / time = 360 000 / 20 = 18 000 W [1m] (b) (i) Calculate the kinetic energy of the lorry while it is travelling at constant speed. [2] KE = mv2 = x 1000 x 152 = 112500 J [2m]
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[1]

[1]

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10 (ii) When the lorry is travelling at a constant speed there is no change in its kinetic energy. Suggest what happens to the energy that is provided by the engine. [1] To overcome friction and air resistance [1m] (c) During braking the speed of the lorry decreases uniformly. The engine no longer provides a driving force. (i) Calculate the deceleration of the lorry between t = 20 s and t = 24s. [2] acceleration = v-u / t = (0 15) / 4 = - 3.75 m/s2 [1m] deceleration = 3.75 m/s2 [1m] (ii) Calculate the total braking force acting on the lorry during this period.[1] F = ma = 1000 x 3.75 = 3750 N [1m] (iii) Explain why the power dissipated in the brakes to slow the lorry down is greater at the beginning of the braking period [1] The loss in KE at the beginning is larger than the loss in KE towards the end. [1m] 11 O 800 m (a) The diagram shows a large diameter steel pipe 800 m long (not drawn to scale). An experimenter at E bangs the pipe and his assistant at O listens for the sound reaching him. Explain why the assistant will hear two sounds, one arriving before the other.[3] Sound travel at different speed in different medium. [1m] Sound travel faster in solid than air. [1m] He will hear the sound transmitted by the steel pipe first followed by that from air. [1m] E Steel pipe

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11 (b) In an experiment to measure the time needed for the sound to travel through air from E to O, five different values of time were recorded; 2.0 s, 2.8 s, 2.5 s, 2.7 s, 2.3 s Find (i) the mean time mean time = (2+2.8+2.5+2.7+2.3) =2.46 s [1m] (ii) the mean speed of sound in air. mean speed = distance / time = 800/2.46 = 325.20 m/s [1m] (iii) Suggest why it is necessary to repeat the experiment several times to take the average. [1] To reduce human experimental error. [1m] (c) Further experiments were performed by; (i) (ii) striking the pipe harder. using a different pipe which has a much higher density than the original steel. [1] [1]

What would you expect to be the effect on the value obtained for the speed of sound through steel in each case? Explain. [4] (i) (ii) There will be no effect [1m], striking harder will only increase the amplitude. [1m] The speed will be faster [1m[. Energy is transmitted at a faster rate to neighbouring atoms. [1m]

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12 12 (a) (i) Calculate the total resistance of the circuit below. [2]

A1

2
A2

3
A3

Parallel formula: 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 = + 1/3 = 5/6 [1m], R = 6/5 = 1.2 [1m] (ii) What are the current readings shown in ammeters A1, A2 and A3? [3] I = V / R = 12/2, A2 = 6 A [1m] I = V / R = 12/3, A3 = 4 A [1m] A1 = A2 + A3 = 6 + 4 = 10 A [1m] (b) In a household, it was noted that the rating of a kettle is 220 V, 2 kW while the oven rating is 220V, 2.5 kW. (i) The kettle is switched on for half an hour daily while the oven is switched on for 20 minutes daily. Given 1 kWh of electricity costs $0.18, calculate the monthly cost of electricity for using the kettle and oven. (Assume there are 30 days in a month.) [2] Energy used by kettle = P x t = 2 x 30/60 x 30 = 30 kWh [1m] Energy used by oven = 2.5 x 20/60 x 30 = 25 kWh [1m] Cost = (30 + 25) kWh x $0.18 = $9.90 [1m]

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13 (ii) The diagram below shows how the kettle and oven are plugged into a 15 A socket.

Explain why this connection is dangerous. Show clearly all calculations you make in your explanation. [3] Ikettle = 2000 / 220 = 9.09 A Ioven = 2500 / 220 = 11.4 A Total current = 20.49 A [1m] If both are switched on, total current drawn is 20.49 A which is larger than 15 A socket. [1m] This will cause overheating and fire. [1m]

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