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ThePreceptagainstFailuretoMakeOfferingstoOurParents,Teacher, andElders ThePreceptagainstIndulginginIntoxicants,Drugs,orStimulants forPleasure ThePreceptagainstFailuretoCarefortheSick ThePreceptagainstFailuretobeCharitabletoPeopleinNeed ThePreceptagainstFailuretobeHospitableto,Bowto,andPayRespect toEldersandSeniorsoftheFourfoldAssembly ThePreceptagainstBecomingArrogantuponSeeingMembersofthe FourfoldAssemblyViolatePrecepts ThePreceptagainstFailuretoObservetheSixDaysofVegetarianFasting andHoldingPrecepts ThePreceptagainstFailuretoGotoListentotheDharma ThePreceptagainstTakingItemsBelongingtotheSangha
(10 Minor) ThePreceptagainstDrinkingWaterthatContainsBugs (11thMinor) ThePreceptagainstTravelingAlonethroughDangerousPlaces (12thMinor) ThePreceptagainstStayingOvernightUnchaperonedinaConvent oraMonastery (13thMinor) ThePreceptagainstBeatingPeopleasaLivelihoodorforaWage (14thMinor) ThePreceptagainstBringingLeftoverFoodtoOffertotheFourfold Assembly (15thMinor) ThePreceptagainstKeepingCatsandOtherPredatoryAnimals
andaRingingStaff
andMeasuresandFailuretoHonorPriorAgreements orPlaces
(20thMinor) ThePreceptagainstEngaginginConjugalRelationsattheWrongTimes (21 Minor) ThePreceptagainstFailuretoPayOfficialTaxesWhenDoingBusiness (22ndMinor) ThePreceptagainstBreakingFederalandCivilLaws (23rdMinor) ThePreceptagainstFailuretoOfferNewFoodtotheTripleJewelFirst (24thMinor)ThePreceptagainstAbruptlyProceedingtoSpeakDharmaonOurOwn
th
withouttheSanghasPermission
(25 Minor) ThePreceptagainstWalkingAheadoftheFivefoldAssembly (26thMinor) ThePreceptagainstApportioningFoodtotheSanghaUnfairly (27thMinor) ThePreceptagainstRaisingSilkworms (28thMinor) ThePreceptagainstAbandoningSickPeopleWeEncounterwhile Traveling
THESIXMAJORPRECEPTS
1) TheFirstMajorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstKilling [ShakyamuniBuddha,addressingtheelder'ssonWholesomeBirth:] Goodman!InaccordancewiththeUpasaka/UpasikaPrecepts,evenforthesake ofsustainingourownbodyorlife,weshouldrefrainfromanyformofkilling,up toandincludingkillinganant.If,afterhavingreceivedthisPrecept,weencourage orverballyinstructotherstokill,commitanactofkilling,orcommitsuicide,we thereuponlosethisUpasaka/UpasikaPrecept. SuchapersoncannotevenattaintheDharmaoftheLevelofHeatmuchlessthe FruitionofShrotaapanna,uptoandincludingtheFruitionofAnagamin. SuchapersoniscalledaPreceptbreakingUpasaka/Upasika,adespicable Upasaka/Upasika,anoutcast,adefiledUpasaka/Upasika,andanUpasaka/Upasika inbondage.ThisistheFirstMajorPrecept. 2) TheSecondMajorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstStealing InaccordancewiththeUpasaka/UpasikaPrecepts,evenforthesakeofsustaining ourownbodyorlife,weshouldnotstealnotevenonecent.Inthecasewherethis Preceptisbreached,theviolatorthereuponlosesthisUpasaka/UpasikaPrecept. SuchapersoncannotevenattaintheDharmaoftheLevelofHeat,muchlessthe FruitionofShrotaapanna,uptoandincludingtheFruitionofAnagamin. SuchapersoniscalledaPreceptbreakingUpasaka/Upasika,adespicable Upasaka/Upasika,anoutcast,adefiledUpasaka/Upasika,andanUpasaka/Upasika inbondage.ThisistheSecondMajorPrecept. 3) TheThirdMajorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstMajorFalseSpeech InaccordancewiththeUpasaka/UpasikaPrecepts,evenforthesakeofsustaining ourownbodyorlife,weshouldnotfalselyproclaim,Ihaveperfectedthe
ContemplationofImpurity,uptoandincludingtheFruitionofAnagamin.When thisPreceptisbreached,theviolatorthereuponlosesthisUpasaka/UpasikaPrecept. SuchapersoncannotevenattaintheDharmaoftheLevelofHeat,muchlessthe FruitionofShrotaapanna,uptoandincludingtheFruitionofAnagamin. SuchapersoniscalledaPreceptbreakingUpasaka/Upasika,adespicable Upasaka/Upasika,anoutcast,adefiledUpasaka/Upasika,andanUpasaka/Upasika inbondage.ThisistheThirdMajorPrecept. 4) TheFourthMajorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstLustfulBehavior InaccordancewiththeUpasaka/UpasikaPrecepts,evenforthesakeofsustaining ourownbodyorlife,weshouldnotengageinlustfulbehavior.WhenthisPreceptis breached,theviolatorthereuponlosesthisUpasaka/UpasikaPrecept. SuchapersoncannotevenattaintheDharmaoftheLevelofHeat,muchlessthe FruitionofShrotaapanna,uptoandincludingtheFruitionofAnagamin. SuchapersoniscalledaPreceptbreakingUpasaka/Upasika,adespicable Upasaka/Upasika,anoutcast,adefiledUpasaka/Upasika,andanUpasaka/Upasika inbondage.ThisistheFourthMajorPrecept. 5) TheFifthMajorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst SpeakingofOffensesCommittedbyMembersoftheFourfoldAssembly InaccordancewiththeUpasaka/UpasikaPrecepts,evenforthesakeofsustaining ourownbodyorlife,weshouldnotannounceordiscussanyoffensesorfaultsof Bhikshus,Bhikshunis,Upasakas,orUpasikas.WhenthisPreceptisbreached,the violatorthereuponlosesthisUpasaka/UpasikaPrecept. SuchapersoncannotevenattaintheDharmaoftheLevelofHeat,muchlessthe FruitionofShrotaapanna,uptoandincludingtheFruitionofAnagamin. SuchapersoniscalledaPreceptbreakingUpasaka/Upasika,adespicable
Upasaka/Upasika,anoutcast,adefiledUpasaka/Upasika,andanUpasaka/Upasika inbondage.ThisistheFifthMajorPrecept. 6) TheSixthMajorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst DealinginIntoxicants,Drugs,andStimulants InaccordancewiththeUpasaka/UpasikaPrecepts,evenforthesakeofsustaining ourownbodyorlife,weshouldnotdealinintoxicants,drugs,orstimulants.Whenthis Preceptisbreached,theviolatorthereuponlosesthisUpasaka/UpasikaPrecept. SuchapersoncannotevenattaintheDharmaoftheLevelofHeat,muchlessthe FruitionofShrotaapanna,uptoandincludingtheFruitionofAnagamin. SuchapersoniscalledaPreceptbreakingUpasaka/Upasika,adespicable Upasaka/Upasika,anoutcast,adefiledUpasaka/Upasika,andanUpasaka/Upasika inbondage.ThisisthesixthmajorPrecept. [ShakyamuniBuddha,addressingtheelder'ssonWholesomeBirth:]Goodman!If, afterhavingreceivedthetransmissionoftheseUpasaka/UpasikaPrecepts,aperson canupholdthemwithutmostsincerityandguardagainstinfractionand transgression,suchapersonwillaccordinglyattaintheFruitionofthesePrecepts. Goodman!TheUpasaka/UpasikaPreceptsarecalledstrandsofgemsand adornments.Theirfragranceissubtle,wonderfulandpervadeseverywhere.The PreceptsshieldusfromunwholesomedharmasandfunctionastheVinayaof wholesomedharmas.Theyareatreasuryofunsurpassed,wondrousjewels.They arethegreat,still,andquietplaceofsupremelynoblebirth,theflavorofsweet dew,andthegroundthatnurtureswholesomedharmas. Thestraightforwardintenttoreceiveandupholdthemalonewillbringuslimitless benefits.Howmuchthemoreisthatthecasewhenwearefurtherabletosingle mindedlyreceiveandupholdthesePreceptswithouttransgression!
THETWENTYEIGHTMINORPRECEPTS
1) TheFirstMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst FailuretoMakeOfferingstoOurParents,Teachers,andElders [ShakyamuniBuddhacontinuesaddressingtheelder'ssonWholesomeBirth:] Goodman!AstheBuddhahassaid,ifanUpasaka/Upasikawhohasreceivedand shouldbeupholdingthisPreceptfailstomakeofferingstoandprovidefor his/herparents,teachers,andelders,he/shetherebycommitsanoffense throughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedby suchimpurebehavior. 2) TheSecondMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst IndulginginIntoxicants,Drugs,andStimulantsforPleasure IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept indulgesinintoxicants,drugs,orstimulantsforpleasure,he/shetherebycommitsan offensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall, causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 3) TheThirdMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstFailuretoCarefortheSick IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptfails tocareforthesick,duetoevilmotivations,he/shetherebycommitsanoffense throughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuch impurebehavior. 4) TheFourthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst FailuretobeCharitabletoPeopleinNeed IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptfails todistributeanappropriateamountofwhatisrequesteduponencountering someoneinneed,andinsteadsendsthepersoninneedawayemptyhanded,he/she
therebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwill leadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 5) TheFifthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst FailuretobeHospitableto,Bowto,andPayRespecttoEldersand SeniorsoftheFourfoldAssembly IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept,fails torise,behospitableto,bowtoandpayrespecttoBhikshus,Bhiksunis,Elder Masters,and/orseniorUpasakasorUpasikasuponencounteringthem,he/she therebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwill leadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 6) TheSixthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst BecomingArrogantuponSeeingMembersoftheFourfoldAssemblyViolate Precepts IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept becomesarrogantuponseeingBhikshus,Bhikshunis,and/orUpasakasorUpasikas violatethePreceptstheyhavereceived,andsays,Iamsuperiortothem;theyare inferiortome,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failureto repentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 7) TheSeventhMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst FailuretoObservetheSixDaysofVegetarianFastingandHoldingPrecepts IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptfails toobservethesixdaysofholdingtheEightPreceptsandmakingofferingstothe TripleJeweleverymonth,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence. Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 8) TheEighthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstFailuretoGotoListentotheDharma IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptfailsto
goandlistentotheDharmawhenitisbeinglecturedanywherewithinatwelveanda halfmileradius,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failure torepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 9) TheNinthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstTaking ItemsBelongingtotheSangha IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecepttakes thebeds,seats,orbeddingbelongingtotheSanghaofthefourdirections,he/she therebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwill leadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 10) TheTenthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstDrinkingWaterthatContainsBugs IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept deliberatelydrinkswaterthathe/shesuspectscontainsbugs,he/shethereby commitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwilllead toafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 11) TheEleventhMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst TravelingAlonethroughDangerousPlaces IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept travelswithoutacompanionthroughdangerousplaces,he/shetherebycommitsan offensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall, causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 12) TheTwelfthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst StayingOvernightUnchaperonedinaConventoraMonastery IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptstays overnightunchaperonedinaconventoramonastery,he/shethereby commitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoa fall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior.
13) TheThirteenthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst BeatingPeopleasaLivelihoodorforaWage IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptbeats orverballyabusesslaves,servants,errandboysorgirls,orotherhiredhelp,doing thatasalivelihoodorforawage,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethrough negligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpure behavior. 14) TheFourteenthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst BringingLeftoverFoodtoOffertotheFourfoldAssembly IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept bringsleftoverfoodtooffertoBhikshus,Bhikshunis,UpasakasandUpasikas,he/she therebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwill leadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 15) TheFifteenthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst KeepingCatsandOtherPredatoryAnimals IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptkeeps catsorotherpredatoryanimals,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethrough negligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpure behavior. 16) TheSixteenthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst RaisingDomesticorWildAnimalswithoutPerformingPureGiving IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept raiseselephants,horses,cattle,sheeporgoats,camels,donkeysormules,orany otherkindofanimalswhetherdomesticorwild,andfailstobestowthoseanimals onsomeonewhohasnottakenthisPreceptinanactofpuregiving,he/shethereby commitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadto afall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior.
17) TheSeventeenthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst FailuretoKeepinReservetheThreeRobes,aBowl,andaRingingStaff IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptfails tokeepinreservethesamghatiandotherrobes,abowl,andaringingstaff,he/she therebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwill leadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 18) TheEighteenthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptAgainst FailuretoLookforPureWatertoIrrigateLandCrops IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept needstoengageinagriculturalworkasameanstoearnalivelihood,butfailsto lookforpurewatertoirrigatethecrops,he/shetherebycommitsanoffense throughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuch impurebehavior. 19) TheNineteenthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst TradingorDoingBusinessUsingAlteredWeightsandMeasuresand FailuretoHonorPriorAgreements IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept engagesinbusinesstransactionsasameanstoearnalivelihood,usingweightsand measuresinthesaleofmerchandise,thenonceapricehasbeenagreedupon, he/shemustnotretractitanddemandahigherprice.Anyweighingandmeasuring shouldbedonefairlyandinfullview,andiftheyarenot,thedifferencesshouldbe statedandadjustmentsmade.Otherwise,he/shetherebycommitsanoffense throughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuch impurebehavior. 20) TheTwentiethMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst EngaginginConjugalRelationsattheWrongTimesorPlaces IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept
engagesinconjugalrelationsatthewrongplacesorwrongtimes,he/she therebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwill leadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 21) TheTwentyfirstMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst FailuretoPayOfficialTaxesWhenDoingBusiness IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptdoes notpaytheofficialtaxeswhenengagedintradeorcommerce,aswhenbuyingor selling,butinsteaddefaultsonorevadesthem,he/shetherebycommitsanoffense throughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuch impurebehavior. 22) TheTwentysecondMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst BreakingFederalandCivilLaws IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept violatesfederalorcivillaws,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence. Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 23) TheTwentythirdMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst FailuretoOfferNewFoodtotheTripleJewelFirst IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept obtainsnewlyacquiredgrains,fruitoftreesorvines,rootorothervegetablesand doesnotofferthemfirsttotheTripleJewel,butinsteadfirsttakesthemfor himself/herself,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failureto repentandreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 24) TheTwentyfourthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst AbruptlyProceedingtoSpeakDharmaonOurOwnwithouttheSanghas Permission IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptabruptly
proceedstospeakDharmaorwordsofpraiseonhis/herownwithouttheSanghas permission,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethoughnegligence.Failuretorepent andreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 25) TheTwentyfifthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst WalkingAheadoftheFivefoldAssembly IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptwalks aheadoftheFivefoldAssemblywhentravelingalongapath,he/shethereby commitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoa fall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 26) TheTwentysixthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainst ApportioningFoodtotheSanghaUnfairly IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptshows favoritismwhileapportioningfoodamongtheSanghamembersbyselecting deliciousfoodforanygivenMasterandgivingmoreofittohim/her,he/shethereby commitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentandreformwillleadtoa fall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 27) TheTwentyseventhMinorPrecept:ThePreceptagainstRaisingSilkworms IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPreceptraises silkworms,he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepent andreformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. 28) TheTwentyeighthMinorPrecept:ThePreceptAgainst AbandoningSickPeopleWeEncounterswhileTraveling IfanUpasaka/UpasikawhohasreceivedandshouldbeupholdingthisPrecept encounterssomeonesickwhiletravelinganddoesnotgotocheckonthatperson andarrangeforhis/hercareandsafedestination,butinsteadabandonstheperson, he/shetherebycommitsanoffensethroughnegligence.Failuretorepentand
reformwillleadtoafall,causedbysuchimpurebehavior. *** [ShakyamuniBuddhacontinuesaddressingtheelder'ssonWholesomeBirth:]Good man!IfanUpasaka/UpasikacanwholeheartedlyreceiveandupholdthesePrecepts, he/sheiscalledapundarika[whitelotus]amongUpasakas/Upasikas;asupremeand subtlywondrousfragranceamongUpasakas/Upasikas;apurelotusfloweramong Upasakas/Upasikas;atrue,treasuredjewelamongUpasakas/Upasikas;andahero amongUpasakas/Upasikas. Goodman!AstheBuddhastellus,therearetwokindsofBodhisattvas.Oneis thelayBodhisattvaandtheotheristhemonasticBodhisattva.Monastic BodhisattvasarecalledBhikshus;layBodhisattvasarecalledUpasakas.Itisnot difficultforthemonasticBodhisattvastoupholdthemonasticPrecepts.Itisdifficult forthelayBodhisattvastoupholdthelayPrecepts.Whyisthat?Itisbecause laypeopleareentangledinandsurroundedbymanyevilcausesandconditions. (EndoftheSixMajorandTwentyeightMinorPreceptsofthe SutraoftheUpasakaPreceptsSpokenbytheBuddha)