Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) or the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS) is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure and water (fluid) balance.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

When blood volume is low, the kidneys secrete renin.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Renin stimulates the production of angiotensin.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Angiotensin causes blood vessels to constrict, resulting in increased blood pressure.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Angiotensin also stimulates the secretion of the hormone aldosteronefrom the adrenal cortex.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Aldosterone causes the tubules of the kidneys to increase the re-absorption of sodium and water into the blood.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

This increases the volume of fluid in the body, which also increases blood pressure.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

If the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is too active, blood pressure will be too high.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

If the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is too active, blood pressure will be too high.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Activation The system can be activated when there is a loss of blood volume or a drop in blood pressure (such as in hemorrhage).

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

If the perfusion of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidney's macula densa decreases, then the juxtaglomerular cells release the enzyme renin.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Renin cleaves a zymogen, an inactive peptide, called angiotensinogen, converting it into angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is then converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) which is found mainly in lung capillaries.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Angiotensin II is the major bioactive product of the renin-angiotensin system, causing these cells to contract along with the blood vessels surrounding them and causing the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Angiotensin II acts as an endocrine, autocrine/paracrine, and intracrine hormone.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Their main use is in hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage due to diabetes) and congestive heart failure.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

These substances are AT1-receptor antagonists that is, they block the activation of angiotensin II AT1 receptors.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Blockade of AT1 receptors directly causes vasodilatation, reduces secretion of vasopressin, reduces production and secretion of aldosterone, amongst other actions the combined effect of which is reduction of blood pressure.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

Pressor Inhibition Valsartan 80 mg 30% Telmisartan 80 mg 40% Losartan 100 mg 2540% Irbesartan 150 mg 40% Irbesartan 300 mg 60% Olmesartan 20 mg 61% Olmesartan 40 mg 74%

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist

AT1 affinity Losartan 1000 fold Telmisartan 3000 fold Irbesartan 8500 fold Olmesartan 12500 fold Valsartan 20000 fold

Angiotensin II receptor antagonist