Business Research Report of Water Vending Machine in Lahore

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method
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Introduction
Management Science Department
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Introduction
Over 65% of our bodies are comprised of bodily liquid? Therefore, the quality of water consume plays an important role in maintaining good health. Ordinary tap water (processed water from municipal plants) contains chemicals and heavy metals that damages cellular tissues in our bodies. However, technological advancement has allowed us to manage this condition more efficiently. Quality water processor units are readily available for home users. But then again, how many people can afford these expensive units? Holistic Benefits Drinking PI Water regularly increases the body immunity. Processed PI Water is very similar to bodily liquid and characteristics. The purified and activated water with smaller clusters possesses a function of protecting cells from various stimulants. In a way, it naturally eliminates negative substance in our body system and possesses self-healing power. With the purified water industry growing at an explosive 10% a year, water vending machines are leading the way as the hottest growth area in purified water businesses today. It provides the freshest, purest, healthiest and best tasting water to the customer. This research is based on study of installation of water vending machine in Government Colleges and Universities of Lahore and its acceptance among the student that are day scholars as well as hostels of the university. The business model of water vending machine is self-serving were the customer is allowed to fill his/her bottle of any kind. The water vending machine only dispenses 500ml of water but if it would be acceptable on high scale then we can also look forward to expand the variety by amount and different beverages options. The research also points out customer's preference of payment mode whether it is rupee notes, coins or RFID codes etc. Cost of Water Vending Machine Cost of water vending machine is $200 to $8000. The price is dependent upon the size, features and capacity of the machine.
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Literature Review
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LITERATURE REVIEW
James A. Lalumandier, DDS, MPH; Leona W. Ayers, MD (2009) conducted a research on the purity of bottled water as compared to tap water. A comparative study of the lab results was conducted to find out the fluoride and bacterial content of both the waters. A sample of 57 samples of 5 brands of bottled and samples of tap water were collected in sterilized containers from 4 local water processing plants were selected. The study concludes that only 5% of the bottled water in Cleveland fall in the required fluoride range as compared to the tap water samples. However 100% of the tap water samples fell in the required range of fluoride content 0.04 mg/L of the optimum level of 1.00 mg/L. Hence the preference of bottled water based on the assumption of purity is misleading.
Heinz Valtin and with the Technical Assistance of Sheila A. Gorman (2002) conducted a research to find out the origin and to test the scientific evidence of the statement/advice of drinking at-least eight glasses of water a day. The research of water intake was conducted on thousands of adults of both genders, the research suggests that such large amounts are not needed because the surveyed persons were presumably healthy not ill and are living in moderate climate. The report suggests that the drinking of eight glasses of water phenomenon is only advisable for the treatment or prevention of some diseases and under special circumstances like hot climate vigorous work and exercise.
Michael N. Sawka Samuel, N. Cheuvront and Robert Carter (2008) wrote a review on the human water needs. The study on daily water needs determined from fluid balance or water consumption studies indicates that the daily water intake for adult men is 3.7 L and for adult women is 2.7 L. However, strenuous physical exercise and heat stress can greatly increase daily water needs. The research also indicates that normal water needs range widely due to numerous factors (e.g., metabolism, diet, climate, clothing) thus normal hydration is compatible with a wide range of fluid intakes. Human water requirements should not be based on a minimal intake, as this might eventually lead to a deficit and possible adverse performance and health consequences.
Management Science Department Page 4 of 46
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Gina Levy and Linda Tapsell (2007) conducted a research to describe the shifts/trends in purchasing patterns of non-alcoholic, water-based beverages in Australia. The change in the sales volume in 2006 of water based beverages excluding fruit juice and milk based drinks and the per capita consumption was estimated. The research indicates an increasing purchasing trend of the bottled water and non-sugar carbonated soft drinks whereas sugar supply from beverages has declined due to decreasing sales of sugar based carbonated soft drinks since 2002. The research also indicated that the younger people and high-income households were the major purchasers of carbonated soft drinks, energy and soft drinks.
L. L. Bello, N. Al-Hammad (2002) conducted a research on pattern of fluid consumption in Saudi Arabian adolescents aged 1213 years. This study specially focused on a sample of three hundred and forty-four boys and girls attending school in Riyadh about their fluid intake for three consecutive days, including one-week day. Types of drinks and the amount consumed were examined. The findings suggested that both carbonated soft drink and fruit juices accounted for the largest proportion of total fluid intake by the sampled Saudi adolescents. In addition, the fluid intake was higher in boys (2006 mL) than in girls (1821 mL). Daily fluid intake was 1,917 mL. Drinking water provided 37%, whereas carbonated soft drinks and fruit juices provided 26% and 25%, respectively. Seven percent, of total fluid intake amounting to 134 mL came from milk and 5% (103 mL) was from tea/coffee.
Lazari, Andreas, Goel, Sudhir (2000) conducted a research on consumer preferences of drinks through soft drink vending machine. The study focused on how Coca-Cola vending machine businesses can improve their customer service and in turn their profits by loading spring water and more regular Coca-Cola as compared to Diet Cola. The vending machine business depends largely on customer preference. If a vending machine business can figure out customers' preference, it may improve profits. A survey was conducted on 420 students, the data obtained was analyzed using the statistical software programs Foxlogit [11] and Minitab [10]. Findings revealed that the Diet Cola
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should be removed from the vending machine as it received the lowest percentage and should be replaced by Coca-Cola that received the highest percentage. Mr. Pibb had the second lower percentage and thus should be replaced by spring water. The study was based upon the prices, availability and consumer choice of the drinks.
Critobal Chaidez, Pat Rusin, Jaime Naranjo & Charles P. Gerba (2010) conducted a research Microbiology quality of water vending machine. Consumption of water from water vending machine has recently increased in the United States. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to find out the reason of increasing consumption of water through water vending machine and the customer perception about its quality. In this study, bacteriological analysis were performed on the samples from 30 water vending machines for 3 weeks. The bacteriological tests were conducted on the nozzle and the drainage of the dispenser. The bacteria ranged from 9 to 48,000 CFU (colony-forming units) per sampled area on the dispensing nozzle. Total bacteria detected in the drain samples ranged from 1000 to 56,000 CFU (colony-forming units) per sampled area. No significant correlations were found between the physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters.
Harrison Roerts (2010) conducted a research at the University of Arizona Campus the study indicated that 50% of vending machine users experienced technical problems, resulting in money lost and a significant loss of time and effort. In some instances, users had been driven to make more expensive purchases from a convenience store to avoid the hassle of the vending machine.
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Research Methodology
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Plan The research plan is the blue print that is used for the study, conducted to test the customer preference of water filled from vending machine over bottled and tap water. This report is based on descriptive research techniques. The quantitative method is used as it can gather information from samples that representatives of the population.
1. Population
The population comprises of total number of all students that are currently studying at college and university levels in Lahore.
2. Sample
Our sample consists of 384 respondents from different departments at Government College University, for conducting this research. Participation in the study was voluntary and informed consent was obtained. All participants were informed that responses would not be attributed, no name would be disclosed.
3. Method of sampling
Convenient sampling technique was used, as the population involved in this research was homogeneous, so we did not applied any formula to select the number of samples, and hence randomly selected the respondents i.e. students, teachers and staff in university.
4. Instrument of research
This research relies on primary data collection. Questionnaire is used to collect the data designed specially to accomplish the objectives of the study.
4.1.
Questionnaire Structure
There were 28 questions in the questionnaire and all of the questions were closed ended including dichotomous and multiple choice questions. The questioner was in English language. The first section of the questionnaire consists of biographical questions like age, gender, experience, professional status, marital status and academic qualification. The second
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section of the questionnaire contains the customer buying habits and their future preference on water vending machine.
5. Statistical Techniques
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) is used for all statistical calculation in the report. This helps in drawing some conclusions about the characteristics of populations based on the data provided by the sample. Descriptive Statistics are used in this report.
5.1.
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive analysis helps to define the data by investigating the distribution of scores on each variable and by determining whether the scores on different variables are related to each other. The descriptive statistics used in this study includes means, frequencies and percentages. Case Summary method is used to identify the relation between two characteristics of the sample.
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Analysis and Interpretation
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Analysis and Interpretation

We used SPSS software for analysis purpose. After getting the questioners filled from the respondents we have associated numbers from 1 to onward with the answers of each question and then we punch in the data provided by respondents in SPSS software and used descriptive statistics techniques for analysis purpose. The analysis and interpretation of each question is given below: Gender Cumulative Frequency Valid Male Female Total 209 178 387 Percent 54.0 46.0 100.0 Valid Percent 54.0 46.0 100.0 Percent 54.0 100.0
Interpretation: Our respondents consist of 54 % (209) male and 45.99% (178) female from a sample size of 387 respondents.
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Marital Status Cumulative Frequency Valid Single Married Divorced widow Other Total 272 106 6 2 1 387 Percent 70.3 27.4 1.6 .5 .3 100.0 Valid Percent 70.3 27.4 1.6 .5 .3 100.0 Percent 70.3 97.7 99.2 99.7 100.0
Interpretation: As our focus of research was on students so Marital status of most of our respondents is single i.e. 70% (272) and 27.4% are married while only 2% includes for widows and divorced.
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Location Cumulative Frequency Valid Data Gunj Buksh Town Allama Iqbal Town Samanabad Town Nishtar Town Ravi Town Shalimar Town Wagha Town Aziz Bhatti Town Lahore Cantonment Total 89 72 28 29 78 39 12 10 30 387 Percent 23.0 18.6 7.2 7.5 20.2 10.1 3.1 2.6 7.8 100.0 Valid Percent 23.0 18.6 7.2 7.5 20.2 10.1 3.1 2.6 7.8 100.0 Percent 23.0 41.6 48.8 56.3 76.5 86.6 89.7 92.2 100.0
Interpretation: We got our questioner filled from respondents of every town of Page 13 of 46
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Lahore. Our respondents includes 23% from Data Gunj Buksh Town and 20.16% are from Ravi and remaining are from the rests of towns of Lahore.
Age Cumulative Frequency Valid 15 20 20 25 25 30 30 35 more than 35 Total Missing Total System 121 191 49 12 13 386 1 387 Percent 31.3 49.4 12.7 3.1 3.4 99.7 .3 100.0 Valid Percent 31.3 49.5 12.7 3.1 3.4 100.0 Percent 31.3 80.8 93.5 96.6 100.0
Interpretation: Approximately 50% of respondents of this study was from the age of 20 to 25 years old and significant %age from the age of 15 to 20 because of the focus of research on the colleges and universities.
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House Hold Income Cumulative Frequency Valid 10,000 to 20,000 20,000 to 30,000 30,000 to 40,000 40,000 to 50,000 more than 50,000 Total Missing Total System 85 148 45 28 80 386 1 387 Percent 22.0 38.2 11.6 7.2 20.7 99.7 .3 100.0 Valid Percent 22.0 38.3 11.7 7.3 20.7 100.0 Percent 22.0 60.4 72.0 79.3 100.0
Interpretation: We used house hold income because there may be 2 or more persons are earning in a house. Approximately 40% of respondents of this study are from house hold income of 20 K to 30 K. However, those who are earning more than 50K are also 21% of total sample size.
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Education Level Cumulative Frequency Valid Intermediate Bachelor Masters M.Phil/MS Other________ Total 110 171 79 22 5 387 Percent 28.4 44.2 20.4 5.7 1.3 100.0 Valid Percent 28.4 44.2 20.4 5.7 1.3 100.0 Percent 28.4 72.6 93.0 98.7 100.0
Interpretation: Most of our respondents are from Bachelor i.e. 44.19%. While students of inter and Master are 28.4% and 20.4% subsequently.
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When you feel thirsty what do you like to drink most? Cumulative Frequency Valid Water Juice Carbonated Drinks Energy Drink Other_______ Total 200 106 63 9 9 387 Percent 51.7 27.4 16.3 2.3 2.3 100.0 Valid Percent 51.7 27.4 16.3 2.3 2.3 100.0 Percent 51.7 79.1 95.3 97.7 100.0
Interpretation: When we asked our respondents this question more than half of the respondents said that we like to drink water when we feel thirsty. While 27% said that we use juices and 16% said that we like to drink carbonated soft drinks when we feel thirsty.
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How many glass of water do you consume daily? Cumulative Frequency Valid 3-5 5-7 7-9 more than 9 Total 168 139 51 29 387 Percent 43.4 35.9 13.2 7.5 100.0 Valid Percent 43.4 35.9 13.2 7.5 100.0 Percent 43.4 79.3 92.5 100.0
Interpretation: From 384 respondents 43% said that we drink 3 to 5 glass of water daily while 36% said that they like to drink 5 to 7 glass of water daily. Only 13.18% said that we drink 7-9 glass of water daily while those who drink more than 9 glasses daily are 7.49%.
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When you are on campus what water source do you consume most? Cumulative Frequency Valid Filter water tap water water cooler mineral water bottle other______. Total 150 77 88 66 6 387 Percent 38.8 19.9 22.7 17.1 1.6 100.0 Valid Percent 38.8 19.9 22.7 17.1 1.6 100.0 Percent 38.8 58.7 81.4 98.4 100.0
Interpretation: There are 38.76% of respondents who said that they use filtered water while being on campus while the respondents who used to refill their bottles from water cooler is 22.74%. Approximately 50% of respondents of this study was from the age of 20 to 25 years old and significant %age from the age of 15 to 20 because of the focus of research on the colleges and universities.
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Do you prefer bottled water over other sources of water mentioned above? Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total Missing Total System 307 79 386 1 387 Percent 79.3 20.4 99.7 .3 100.0 Valid Percent 79.5 20.5 100.0 Percent 79.5 100.0
Interpretation: When we ask our respondents do they prefer bottled water over other sources of water? Almost 80% said that yes they do.
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If Yes, then what do you consider most when you buy bottled mineral water? Cumulative Frequency Valid Taste Price Temperature Brand Other ______ Total Missing Total System 143 82 60 74 6 365 22 387 Percent 37.0 21.2 15.5 19.1 1.6 94.3 5.7 100.0 Valid Percent 39.2 22.5 16.4 20.3 1.6 100.0 Percent 39.2 61.6 78.1 98.4 100.0
Interpretation: This question was linked with the previous question and purpose was to ask what is it that respondents consider the most while buying bottled water. The answer of 36.95% respondent was Taste, 21.19% was price and remaining respondents are considering temperature, brand and other aspects.
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How many water bottles do you usually buy daily while being on campus? Cumulative Frequency Valid 1 2 3 more than 3 Total Missing Total System 245 97 34 10 386 1 387 Percent 63.3 25.1 8.8 2.6 99.7 .3 100.0 Valid Percent 63.5 25.1 8.8 2.6 100.0 Percent 63.5 88.6 97.4 100.0
Interpretation: Out of 387 respondents 63% said that we buy 1 bottle of water daily while being on campus which means that either they only drink one bottle of water daily or they buy once and refill it again.
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Do you refill your water bottle on campus? Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total Missing Total System 261 123 384 3 387 Percent 67.4 31.8 99.2 .8 100.0 Valid Percent 68.0 32.0 100.0 Percent 68.0 100.0
Interpretation: When we ask our respondents that do they fill water bottle on campus 67% said that yes they do.
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If yes then what is the source of refilling your water bottle? Cumulative Frequency Valid Water cooler Tap Filtered Water Other_______ Total Missing Total System 207 92 42 5 346 41 387 Percent 53.5 23.8 10.9 1.3 89.4 10.6 100.0 Valid Percent 59.8 26.6 12.1 1.4 100.0 Percent 59.8 86.4 98.6 100.0
Interpretation: When we ask about the source where they fill there bottles 53% said that they get their bottle filled from water cooler. While 23.77% said that they fill it from tap.
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Do you consider price while buying a water bottle? Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total Missing Total System 272 114 386 1 387 Percent 70.3 29.5 99.7 .3 100.0 Valid Percent 70.5 29.5 100.0 Percent 70.5 100.0
Interpretation: There are 70.28% respondents said that they consider price while buying water bottle which reflects that consumer are price conscious while buying water bottle.
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At what price range you would buy a 500 ml water bottle (RS)? Cumulative Frequency Valid 10-15 15-20 20-25 Please specify________ Total 160 111 111 5 387 Percent 41.3 28.7 28.7 1.3 100.0 Valid Percent 41.3 28.7 28.7 1.3 100.0 Percent 41.3 70.0 98.7 100.0
Interpretation: The price range at which most of our respondents are willing to buy a water bottle is from Rs. 10 to Rs. 15 however more than 50% are willing to buy water bottle with the range of Rs 15 to Rs 25.
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If water refill facility is available would you like to refill you water bottle from water filling station. Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total Missing Total System 318 66 384 3 387 Percent 82.2 17.1 99.2 .8 100.0 Valid Percent 82.8 17.2 100.0 Percent 82.8 100.0
Interpretation: More than 80% of our respondents said that if water refill facility is available they would to refill their bottles from it.
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If Yes then how much would you like to pay for filling pet bottle of 500 ml from water filling station ( RS) ? Cumulative Frequency Valid 5 10 15 Other___ Total Missing Total System 217 103 58 7 385 2 387 Percent 56.1 26.6 15.0 1.8 99.5 .5 100.0 Valid Percent 56.4 26.8 15.1 1.8 100.0 Percent 56.4 83.1 98.2 100.0
Interpretation: The purpose of the question is to determine the suitable price for our target market. More than 50% are agreed to pay Rs 5 for refilling a 500 ml water bottle. While 26.99% are willing to refill it at price of Rs. 10.
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How do you know about the quality of the mineral water? Cumulative Frequency Valid Brand name Taste Ingredients information others_______ Total Missing Total System 236 124 22 3 385 2 387 Percent 61.0 32.0 5.7 .8 99.5 .5 100.0 Valid Percent 61.3 32.2 5.7 .8 100.0 Percent 61.3 93.5 99.2 100.0
Interpretation: While asking about the quality of the water 61% said that it is the brand name which reflects the quality of the water while 32% said that it is the taste of water which reflects water quality.
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What brand of mineral water do you buy most? Cumulative Frequency Valid Nestle Sufi Please Specify___________ Total 262 122 3 387 Percent 67.7 31.5 .8 100.0 Valid Percent 67.7 31.5 .8 100.0 Percent 67.7 99.2 100.0
Interpretation: 68% of our respondents said that they use Nestle for drinking water.
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On campus what do you mostly drink with your meal? Cumulative Frequency Valid Carbonated drink water Energy drink Tea Other Total 179 157 32 18 1 387 Percent 46.3 40.6 8.3 4.7 .3 100.0 Valid Percent 46.3 40.6 8.3 4.7 .3 100.0 Percent 46.3 86.8 95.1 99.7 100.0
Interpretation: Most of the respondents said that they like to drink carbonated drinks with meals i.e. 46.25% while 40.57% said that we like to drink water with meals.
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Would you prefer soft drinks available in refill form along with water bottle refills with water vending/refill machine? Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total 271 116 387 Percent 70.0 30.0 100.0 Valid Percent 70.0 30.0 100.0 Percent 70.0 100.0
Interpretation: The question was about refilling of carbonated drinks from refilling stations. The answer of 70% of respondents was yes they would like to refill if the facility is available.
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When you want to consume water what matters to you most? Cumulative Frequency Valid Availability Access Convenience Please Specify______ 228 115 35 8 Percent 58.9 29.7 9.0 2.1 Valid Percent 58.9 29.7 9.0 2.1 Percent 58.9 88.6 97.7 99.7
Total
387
100.0
100.0
Interpretation: Our respondents said that it is availability which matter they most when they like to drink water and the %age of respondents supporting the argument is 58%.
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How would you like to pay for water refill (mode of payment)? Cumulative Frequency Valid Rupee coins Rupee note RFID card Unique individual pin code Please specify _______ Total Missing Total System 213 129 19 17 7 385 2 387 Percent 55.0 33.3 4.9 4.4 1.8 99.5 .5 100.0 Valid Percent 55.3 33.5 4.9 4.4 1.8 100.0 Percent 55.3 88.8 93.8 98.2 100.0
Interpretation: When we ask our respondents about the payment mode of refilling their water bottles from water vending machine more than 50% said that rupee coins would the best choice while 33% said that rupee note is best for them.
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Would you like to avail membership card facility Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total Missing Total System 280 103 383 4 387 Percent 72.4 26.6 99.0 1.0 100.0 Valid Percent 73.1 26.9 100.0 Percent 73.1 100.0
Interpretation: Most of our respondents are agreed to avail the membership card facility i.e. 72%.
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Do you live in hostel? Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total Missing Total System 143 231 374 13 387 Percent 37.0 59.7 96.6 3.4 100.0 Valid Percent 38.2 61.8 100.0 Percent 38.2 100.0
Interpretation: There are 37% of our respondents who are living in hostels.
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Is filtered water is available in your hostel Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total Missing Total System 29 23 52 335 387 Percent 7.5 5.9 13.4 86.6 100.0 Valid Percent 55.8 44.2 100.0 Percent 55.8 100.0
Interpretation: The respondents who are living in hostel most of them said that filtered water is not available in their hostels.
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Would you like to have water vending refill machines in your hostel Cumulative Frequency Valid Yes No Total Missing Total System 33 18 51 336 387 Percent 8.5 4.7 13.2 86.8 100.0 Valid Percent 64.7 35.3 100.0 Percent 64.7 100.0
Interpretation: Most of our respondents living in hostel said that they would like to refill their water bottles from water vending machine if it is available in hostel.
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Conclusion and Suggestion
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Conclusion and Suggestion

After this research we come to the conclusion that clean filtered water is an issue in Govt. colleges and universities and their hostels which needs to be addressed for the better health of the students. Most of the respondents of the research said that if water vending facility is available in their universities and colleges they would like to refill their water bottles from the facility. This research is also suggesting the suitable price for which consumer can be charged for filling a 500 ml bottle. Most of the respondents are willing to pay Rs 5. One of the problems is to define the payment mode and according to this research most of the respondents want Rs 5 coins as a payment mode that is the consumer will insert Rs 5 coin in the machine and he can refill his/ her 500 ml water bottle. The best suitable place where this machine can be installed is near the cafeteria so that they can also easily avail this facility while eating something from the caf. The service provider should install this machine for refilling of water at the beginning stage and later of on additional services of beverages refilling can be given to the customers. Service provider should also focus on hostels as it is also necessary for the students living in hostels. He can go for installing one machine in one hostel or it is dependent upon the size of the hostel. Service provider should contact to the relevant officials of the colleges and universities for the sake of permission of installation of the machine. Moreover he should discuss terms and conditions relating to the electricity usage and safety of the machine.
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Bibliography
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Bibliography
http://fillingstation2u.asiaep.com/product.htm http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/water-vending-machine.html
Pattern of fluid consumption in a sample of Saudi Arabian adolescents
aged 1213 years by L. L. BELLO, N. AL-HAMMAD. Article first published online: 3 APR 2006.
Loading a Coca Cola Vending Machine based on a statistical design by
Lazari, Andreas, Goel, Sudhir. Georgia Journal of Science Publisher: Georgia Academy of Science Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2000 Georgia Academy of Science ISSN: 0147-9369.
Microbiological quality of water vending machines by Cristobal
Chaidez, Pat Rusin, Jaime Naranjo & Charles P. Gerba Version of record first published: 21 Jul 2010.
Fluoride and Bacterial Content of Bottled Water vs Tap Water by James Drinking at least eight glasses of water a day. Really? Is there scientific
A. Lalumandier, DDS, MPH; Leona W. Ayers, MD (2009).
evidence for 8x8? Author: Heinz Valtin and (With the Technical Assistance of Sheila A. Gorman).
Human water needs authors: Michael N. Sawka PhD*, Samuel N.
Cheuvront PhD, RD, Robert Carter III PhD, MPH Article first published online: 28 JUN 2008.
Shifts in purchasing patterns of non-alcoholic, water-based beverages in Australia,
19972006 Gina LEVY1,*, Linda TAPSELL2 Article first published online: 7 NOV 2007.
Appendices
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Appendices
Appendix-1 QUESTIONNAIRE Purpose: We are students of MBA from Management Science Department of Government College University Lahore. We are conducting research on installing Water Vending Machine in colleges and universities of Lahore. The data provided by you is very important for us and we assure you that we will use data provided by you for academic purposes only and we will keep it confidential. Name (Optional): _________________________________________________________ Please encircle/tick the appropriate option of your choice.
1. Gender:
a) Male
b) Female b) Married c) divorced d) widow e) other______
2. Marital Status: a) Single
3. Location: a) Data Gunj Buksh Town
b) Allama Iqbal Town c) Samanabad Town f) Shalimar Town
d) Nishtar Town g) Wagha Town

4. Age: (Years)
e) Ravi Town
h) Aziz Bhatti Town i) Lahore Cantonment a) 15 20 b) 20 25 c) 25 30 d) 30 35
e) More than 35_________. 5. House Hold Income: (Rs) a) 10,000 to 20,000 d) 40,000 to 50,000 6. Education Level:
a) Inter
b) 20,000 to 30,000 e) more than 50,000.
c) 30,000 to 40,000
b) Bachelor
c) Masters
d) M. Phil/MS
e) Other________
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7.
When you feel thirsty what do you like to drink most?

a) Water
b) Juice
c) Carbonated Drinks
d) Energy Drink
e) Other_______. 8. How many glass of water do you consume daily: a) 3 - 5 b) 5-7 c) 7-9 d) more than 9
9.
When you are on campus what water source do you consume most? a) Filter water e) Other______. b) tap water c) water cooler d) mineral water bottle
10. Do you prefer bottled water over other sources of water mentioned above? a) Yes b) No
11. If Yes, then what do you consider most when you buy bottled mineral water? a) Taste
b) price
c) temperature
d) brand
e) other ______
12. How many water bottles do you usually buy daily while being on campus? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) Please specify:____________
13. Do you refill your water bottle on campus? a) Yes b) No 14. If yes then what is the source of refilling your water bottle? a) Water cooler b) Tap c)Filtered Water d) other_______
15. Do you consider price while buying a water bottle? a) Yes

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b) No 16. At what price range you would buy a 500 ml water bottle (RS)? a) 10-15 b) 15-20 c) 20-25 d) Please specify________
17. If water refill facility is available would you like to refill you water bottle from water filling station. a) Yes b) No 18. If Yes then how much would you like to pay for filling pet bottle of 500 ml from water filling station.( RS) ? a) 5 b) 10 c) 15 d) other________
19. How do you know about the quality of the mineral water? a) Brand name b) Taste c) Ingredients information d) others_______
20. What brand of mineral water do you buy most? a) Nestle b) Sufi c) Please Specify___________.
21. On campus what do you mostly drink with your meal? a) Carbonated drink b) water c) energy drink d) tea
e) Please specify________. 22. Would you prefer soft drinks available in refill form along with water bottle refills with water vending/refill machine? a) YES b) NO
23. When you want to consume water what matters to you most?
a) Availability
b) access
c) convenience
d) Please Specify______.
24. How would you like to pay for water refill (mode of payment)? a) Rupee coins b) rupee note c)RFID card d) unique individual pin code
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e) Please specify _______ 25. Would you like to avail membership card facility? a) YES b) NO
26. Do you live in hostel? a) YES b) NO
If the answer of above question is YES please fill the following. 27. Is filtered water is available in your hostel? b) YES b) NO
28. Would you like to have water vending refill machines in your hostel? a) YES b) NO
Thank you.
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Business Research Report of Water Vending Machine in Lahore

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Business Research Report of Water Vending Machine in Lahore

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Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Analysis and Interpretation

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Analysis and Interpretation

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method

Management Science Department

Scope of Water Vending Machine Method