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Amit Prashant
The rigid analysis gives relatively more conservative design of the raft against bending moment resulting in much bigger section. Hence, flexible design is preferable section Hence from the point of view the economy of structure. Analysis using this approach has been covered under y g pp the course on Soil-Structure Interaction.
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Contact pressure below mid span, Me is taken from Eq. (a) above:
Contact pressure below mid span, Me is taken from Eq. ( ) above: p p , q (b)
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The moment in Cartesian coordinates can be obtained using the following relationship
y
Mt
My
Mr
Mx
x
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Ring Foundations
Used for fairly small and uniform column spacing and there is sufficient bending due to lateral b di d t l t l forces (seismic, wind, etc.). For example water tank, t t k transmission t i i tower, etc. So e es annular slab Sometimes a u a s ab with ring beam is used for more economical design when the column spacing is large and/or the soil is relatively more compressible. compressible
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Assumptions:
Foundation is rigid relative to soil and compressible layer is relatively shallow. The contact pressure distribution varies linearly throughout th f th h t the foundation d ti
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A uniform d st but o o u o distribution of pressure is assumed with the magnitude of p=p1+0 5p2. The load p1 +0.5p is due to dead load, and p2 is due to moment in presence of lateral loads.
p1 p2
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pa 2 b 2 a 1 c 2 b 2 b 2 r 2 4b 2 r a 2 r 2 b 2 a M r1 = 4 1 ln + 3 + + 1 2 2 ln 2 2 2 ln 16 r 2 c 2 2a 2 a 2 r 2 a a a a r r b
For F r>c
pa 2 M t 2 = M t1 + 16
b2 c 1 c2 4 1 2 ln + 2 a r 2 2r
Mr2
pa 2 = M r1 + 16
b2 c 1 c 2 4 1 2 ln + 2 a r 2 2r
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A a = e.x + ( e.x ) + 2
2
b= a +
2
W+A.o qa-net+o e q1
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x=
A=
qa net + ( o q1 )
qa net 2W 2W ( o q1 )
qa net ( o q1 )
W = Total weight of the structure above ground e = Eccentricity of vertical load on base due
to lateral loads A = Area of annular raft o = Overburden pressure due to depth of foundation Minimum net soil pressure d i d il desired q1 = Mi i
For a given number of columns the ring beam will have less moment when the ring perimeter is small. Curve A and B in the figure on next slide give the most economical location of ring beam under uniform and y y g pressure conditions. linearly varying p
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1.0 Foundation Analysis and Design: Dr. Amit Prashant B (For linearly varying pressure)
A (For uniform pressure) 0.6 06 C (Centroid of Ring element) 0.4 Centroid Ring beam 0.2
Rigid Foundation Analysis: Annular Raft with Ring Beam g y g Tangential moments are critical at the i th inner edge, under b i and d d bearing d outer edge. Radial moment are critical under the ring beam for sagging and at some point in the raft for sagging
b c a
po
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For r > c
pa 2 M t 2 = M t1 + 16 Mr2 pa 2 = M r1 + 16 b2 c 1 c2 4 1 2 ln + 2 a r 2 2r b2 c 1 c 2 4 1 2 ln + 2 a r 2 2r
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)(
)(
For r > c
)(
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