Calculation For Triple Effect Evaporator Forward Feed

DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMYou are required to design a triple effect evaporator to concentrate 25000 kg/h of solution at 38 deg C, containing 10% solids to a product which contains 50% solids. Steam is available at 1.877kg/cm2 and the last efect will be assumed to be operated at vacuum of 66 cm Hg referred to 66 cmhg barometer. Water is available at 29 deg C for use in barometric condenser. Assume negligible BPE . average specific heats of 1 in all the effect. The condensate from each effect leaving at its saturation temp egligible radiation losses, avg pressure drop equal in each effect and ht and dia of each tube is 150 cm and 5 cm respectively. Find out the no of tubes required for the purpose , heat consumption and evaporation per kg of steam, if U1,U2,U3 are 2930 ,1220 and 610 kcal/hr.m2.deg C respectively.

CALCULATIONS (part-1)
Applying overall material balance F = E + P3 component balance F*XF = P1*Xp1 P1*XP1=P2*Xp2 P2*XP2 = P3*Xp3 hence: F*Xf = P3 * Xp3 P3 = 5000 E = (F - P3)= 20000 Temperature distribution and calculation T = Ts - Tv3 -Bpr Bpr T =

0 38.4

(3*10)(Given data)

Enthalpy chart
hf (feed enthalpy) he1(1st effect) he2(2nd effect) he3(3rd effect)

values (Kcal/Kg)
38 106.5 90 51.6

reff(data book)
Table 7 Table 7 Table 7 Table 7

Values obtained after suitable interploation techniques

Areas 1st effect 2nd effect 3rd effect Steam latent heat (Kcal/Kg) () enthalpy (Kcal/Kg)(E) Reff(Data book)

534.8 545.3 568.1 527.5

641.5 635.3 619.6

Table 7 Table 7 Table 7 Table 7

CALCULATIONS (part-2)
S.s + F.hf = E1.He1 + P1.H1 S(527.5)+(E2+E3)536=12412500

Material balance for 1st effectP1 = F- (E- E2- E3) P1 = 10000 - (8250 - E2 - E3) on solving E2+E3= 13820 For 2nd effect : p1.hp1 + E.e1 = E2.HE2 + P2.Hp2 1063.6E2+518.3E3=10708500

For 3rd effect : P3 = 5000 P2.hp2 + E2.E2 = E3.HE3 + P3.hp3 E2=0.971E3-352.1

On furthur solving the amount steam required will be

S = 9488 kg/hr
Steam economy = (E/S) = 2.1709

Notations
F E E1 E2 E3 P1 P2 P3 Xf Xp3 A1 A2 A3 Ps Ts Tw Pv3 Tv3 T1 T2 T3 U1 U2 U3 Bpr for each

Description

Formules

Values

Unit
Kg/hr Kg/hr Kg/hr Kg/hr Kg/hr Kg/hr Kg/hr Kg/hr

Reference
given

Feed rate 25000 Overall Vapour streams E1 + E2 + E3 20000 Triple Effect Evaporator Forward FeedVapourEstream at 1st effect - (E2 + E3) 6180 Vapour stream at 2nd effect 6630 Vapour stream at 3rd effect 7190 Product Stream 1st effect 18820 Product Stream 2nd effect P2 = E3 + P3 12190 Product Stream 3rd effect 5000 Solute composition in feed 0.1 Solute composition in product 0.5 Area of 1st effect Area of 2nd effect area of 3rd effect Steam pressure Steam temperature Water temperature Pressure at last effect temperature at last effect A1 = A2 = A3 Overall heat transfer coeff Overall heat transfer coeff Overall heat transfer coeff 1st effect 2nd effect 3rd effect

given given m
2

151.2 164 152.3 26.69 117.8 29 1.97 51.6 11.3 16.5 38.4

m2 m2 Psi
o o

C C C C C C
2o 2o 2o

Table 7

Psi
o o o o

Table 7 given given given given given given

2930 Kcal/hr m C 1220 Kcal/hr m C 610 Kcal/hr m C o C 0

Temperature distribution table

Effect
Steam

I
Ts 0 Tl1 0 0

II
Te1 106.5 (TE1-T2) 106.5 106.5

III
Te2 90 (TE2-T3) 90 90

Liquid

Vapour

Area Calculations
A1 A2 A3
S.s / (U1.T1) E1.e1/ (U2.T2) E2.e2/ (U3.T3)

151.2 164.2 154.3

Mass flow rate calculation E3.e3 = m cp T

m = (E3.e3)/(cpT) 178368.51

NO OF TUBES=(MAX AREA)/(3.14*Do*L)

Number of Tubes (N)= (164.2/(3.14*5*1.5)*100 (N)=697 Evaporation/ kg Steam = E/S = 20000/9488 = 2.11

Reference

100