Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec.09/Jan.

10
Fluid Mechanics
ME45
Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: I 00
Note: Answer any FIVE full questions.
1 a. Define following terms and mention their SI units.
i) Specific Density ii) Dynamic Viscosity iii) Surface Tension iv) Specific Gravity
v) Kinematic Viscosity (05 Marks)
b. A pipe carries oil of specific gravity 0.80. A differential manometer connected at two points
'A' and 'B' of the pipe shows a difference in mercury levels as 30 em. Find the difference of
pressure head in terms of meters water. Find also pressure at point A if the pressure at point
B is 1.46 bar. (10 Marks)
c. Explain phenomenon of capillarity. Obtain relation for capillarity rise of liquid. (05 Marks)
2 a. Show that, for a completely submerged plane surface, the centre of pressure is always below
the centre of gravity. (10 Marks)
b. A piece of metal when submerged in water weighs 667.08 Nand when submerged in liquid
of specific gravity 0.8 weighs 686.70 N. Determine the volume of the metallic piece, its
weight in air and specific gravity of the metal. (10 Marks)
3 a. Explain working ofmicromanometer, with neat sketch. (06 Marks)
b. Explain importance ofmetacentric height to determine the stability of floating bodies.
(06 Marks)
c. A triangular plate, having base 5 meters and altitude 4.5 meters is immersed in fresh water
and its vertex is 2 meters below the free surface and surface of plate is inclined at 30 .to free
surface. Find total pressure force and its location. (08 Marks)
4 a. Differentiate between :
i) Path line and streak line
ii) Stream tube and stream line . iii) Steady flow and uniform flow. (06 Marks)
b. Derive continuity equation for three dimensional fluid flow. (08 Marks)
c. The stream function for a fluid flow is given by ' = 8xy. Find the velocity of flow at point
P( 4,5). Find also velocity potential function $. (06 Marks)
5 a. Derive Bernoulli's equation from first principles and mention asstimptions made in the
derivation. (iO Marks)
b. Velocity of fluid flow through a circular orifice, is dependent on head of flow 'H', orifice
diameter 'D' absolute viscosity 'J.L', mass density p, and gravitational acceleration 'g'. By
dimensional analysis, using Buckinghams 1t theorem show that
(IOMarks)
6 a. A pipeline carrying oil of specific gravity 0.87, changes in diameter from 200 mm at point A
to 500 mm diameter at point B. Point B is 4 meters higher than point A. If the pressure
intensities at 'A' and 'B' are 10 N/cm
2
and 6 N/cm
2
respectively and discharge is 200
lit /sec, find the loss of head and direction of flow. (08 Marks)
b. Differentiate between orificemeter and venturimeter. (04 Marks)
c. Derive relation for discharge of flow by using venturimeter. (08 Marks)
I of2
ME45
7 a. For a viscous fluid flow, show that maximum velocity of flow is twice the average velocity
of flow. (08 Marks)
b. Represent Hydraulic gradient line and total energy line for flow through a pipe with sudden
expansion. (04 Marks)
. c. Find the rate of flow of water through a pipe of diameter 20 em and length 50 m, when one
end of the pipe is connected to a tank and other end of the pipe is open to the atmosphere.
The pipe is horizontal and water level in tank is 4 meters above the axis of pipe. Considering
all the minor losses, find discharge in Its /sec. Take frictional factor 'f = 0.009. (08 Marks)
8 a. Define drag force and lift force for objects immersed in fluid. (04 Marks)
b. Explain:
i) Boundary Layer Thickness
ii) Displacement Thickness
iii) Momentum Thickness. (06 Marks)
c. Explain for a compressible fluid flow,
i) Zone of action
ii) Mach angle
iii) Mach cone. (06 Marks)
d. A bullet is fired in the air and mach angle is observed to be 30. Given the temperature of air
is 20C, density 1.2 kg /m
3
, find velocity of bullet. Assume Y = 1.4 for air, R = 287.4 J/kgK.
(04 Marks)
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