SYNOPSIS ON A comparitative study on

Stress on Women faculty in L.L.R.I.E.T College and North West

College
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Of PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY JALANDHAR By Rishu Gupta Roll No.:1174438 Under the guidance of Mrs. Nidhi Bhandari

INTRODUCTION
Introduction to HR
Human Resource Management is an art of managing people at work in such manner that they give their best to the organization. In simple words human resource management refers to the quantitative aspects of employees working in an organization. Human Resource Management is a process of producing development, maintaining and controlling human resources for effective achievement of organization goals. HRM function is not confined to business establishment only. They are applicable to nonbusiness organizations, too such as education, health care, recreation etc.

Concept of Stress
Stress may be understood as a state of tension experienced by individuals facing extraordinary demands, constraints or opportunities. Stress may be defined as Stress is an adaptive response to an external situation that results in physical, psychological and behavioral deviations for organizational participants.

job stress and women

It seems to be common that women are generally busier and more stressed than men that they juggle more roles and are constantly rushing. The differences in the levels of stressfull days were due to women experiencing more onsets of distress episodes, rather than being more likely to continue in a distressed state from one day to the next.

Causes of stress at work in women

Feeling powerless Continuous unreasonable performance demands Lack of effective communication Lack of job security Long working hours College politics and conflicts among staff Excessive time away from home and family Working hours, responsibilities and pressures disrupting life balance

Factors influencing the effects of stress

Personality Genetics Immunity Lifestyle Duration and intensity of stressors

Two faces of stress:

Constructive stress (eustress) Destructive stress (distress)

Eustress:
this is a positive form of stress, which prepares your mind and body for the imminent challenges that it has perceived. Eustress is a natural physical reaction by your body which increases blood flow to your muscles, resulting in a higher heart rate. Athletes before a competition or perhaps a manager before a major presentation would do well with eustress, allowing them to derive the inspiration and strength that is needed.

Distress
We are familiar with this word, and know that it is a negative form of stress. This occurs when the mind and body is unable to cope with changes, and usually occurs when there are deviations from the norm. They can be categorized into acute stress and chronic stress. Acute stress is intense, but does not last for long. On the other hand, chronic stress persists over a long period of time. Trigger events for distress can be a change in job scope or routine that the person is unable to handle or cope with.

Coping up with stress:

Step 1: Raising Awareness Help yourself to identify when you are facing rising levels of stress, tipping the scales from positive to negative. This is important, as being able to identify signs of being

stressed can help you to take steps to ensure that your overall quality of life does not drop. If left unacknowledged, the problem will only snowball, leading to disastrous consequences to your health and overall wellbeing. Step 2: Identify the Cause You need to be able to analyze the situation and identify what is causing the rise in stress. These stressors can be external and internal. External stressors refer to things beyond your control, such as the environment or your colleagues at work. Internal stressors refer to your own thinking and attitude. Often, we only start reacting to stress when a combination of stressors working together exceeds our ability to cope. Step 3: Coping with Stress In order to deal with the situation that is causing you stress, you need to calm your mind and body so as to stave off the reactions and cope with it in a positive way. This can be through different methods, such as taking time off. If a situation is triggering your stress and you are unable to calm down, remove yourself from it. Go outside and take a walk to calm down. Alternatively, you can try implementing relaxation techniques such as deep breathing. If it is an internal stressor, stop your thought process until you are able to deal with it logically.

Stress Management
Stress management is the need of the hour. However hard we try to go beyond a stress situation, life seems to find new ways of stressing us out and plaguing us with anxiety attacks. Moreover, be it our anxiety, mind-body exhaustion or our erring attitudes, we tend to overlook causes of stress and the conditions triggered by those. In such unsettling moments we often forget that stressors, if not escapable, are fairly manageable and treatable.

HOW TO MANAGE STRESS

Recognizing a stressor: Relaxation/Meditation: 4 Laughter

Review of literature
A review on the previous studies on stress among the employees is necessary to know the areas already covered. This will help to find our new areas uncovered and to study them in depth. The earlier studies made on stress among the employees are briefly reviewed here. Jamal . M (2001): finds that job stressors were significantly related to employees psychosomatic problems, job satisfaction, unproductive time at the job, and absenteeism. Type A behavior was found to be an important moderator of the stress outcome relationship. Brief. A. P. and J. M. Atieh (1998): argues that it is not safe to assume that job conditions that have an adverse impact on affective reactions to the job will also have a negative impact on overall subjective well-being. Fienmann v. (2000): views stress as a psychological response state of negative effect characterized by a persistent and a high level of experienced anxiety or tension. Jamal M. 2004): Job stress-prone Type A behavior, personal and organizational consequences, Canadian Journal Administration Sciences, 1985. pp 360-7 Hans S. (2006): the endocrinologist, whose research on General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), for the first time, revealed how human beings adapt themselves to emotional strives and strains in their lives. According to him emotional stress occurs in three important stages. 1. Alarm reaction stage 2. Resistance stage 3. Exhaustion stage. Stephen .P. Robbins (2000): stress related headaches are the leading cause of loss of work time in U. S. industry. Cooper and Marshall (2001): visualize stress as characteristics of both the focal individual and his environment. They designate the internal and external consultive forces as pressures or stressors and the resulting stalk of the organism on stress.

Objectives of the study

To identify the reasons causing stress among the women faculty. To study about the effects of stress on their performance. To identify the coping strategies or methods to manage stress. To compare the stress level among women faculty in both colleges.

Research Methodology
Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. methods, sampling methods, survey, analysis and interpretation. Research Design A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in procedure.

The

research methodology in the present study deals with research design, data collection

A well structured questionnaire will be framed. Data will be collected from the women in Lala Lajpat Rai Institute of Engineering and Technology and North West College.. Findings will be made and necessary suggestions and recommendations would be given.

Data Sources There are two types of data collection namely primary data collection and secondary data collection. Primary Data: The primary data is defined as the data, which is collected for the first time and fresh in nature, and happen to be original in character through field survey. Like questionnaires. Secondary Data: The secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else and have been passed through statistical process. The secondary data for this study are already available in the firm's internal records, annual report, broaches, and company's website. Data collection method: The data collection method used in this research would be survey method. Here the data will be systematically recorded from the respondents. Research tool: A structured questionnaire will be prepared to get the relevant information from the respondents. The questionnaire will consist of a variety of questions presented to the respondents for their despondence. Sample unit: The women faculty of L.L.R.I.E.T and North West College will be the sample unit in the survey.

Sample size: The sample size for this study will be 50. Type of sampling: The sampling type will be non-probability which involves deliberating selections of particular units constituting a sample, which will represent the universe. Statistical methods used: Percentage analysis Bars & charts Pie diagrams Percentage analysis: Percentage refers to a special kind of ratio. Percentages are used in making comparison between two or more series of data. Percentage is used to describe relative terms the distribution of two or more series of data. No. of Respondents Percentage of Respondents = -----------------------Total Respondents X 100

References
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ahuja. K.K- Industrial psychology and organizational behavior, Khanna publishers, New Delhi, 1991. Biswanath Ghosh- A new look organizational behavior, Himalaya Publishing House New Delhi, 1994. Finemann- A Psychological Model of Stress and its application to managerial unemployment, Human relations, 1979. Ghosh P.K. and Ghorpade M.B. - Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay 1991. Kapur S.K, Punia B.K.-Organizational Behavior and Management, S.K.Publishers, New Delhi

JOURNALS AND MAGAZINES

1. 2. 3. Business line, The stress is beginning to show, Financial Express published by Hindu, Trivandrum, 1989. Brief A.P. and Atieth J.M., Studying Job Stress: Are we making mountains out of mole Hills? Journal of occupational behavior, 1987. Jamal M., Job Stress-Prone Type A behavior and personal and organizational consequences, Canadian Journal of Administrative.