Media evaluation questions

1) In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products
Before starting our A2 Coursework, we were given the brief to create a 5 minute introduction for a television documentary. A further two ancillary tasks were also set; tp produce a radio trailer and television magazine spread to support our documentary. With a normal documentary lasting an hour, we had to bare this in mind when creating the 5 minute opening. The theory by Bill Nicholls on Documentary Modes (2001) is something we began to look into prior to creating the documentary beginning, as Nicholls tells is there are different styles/types of documentaries which include: -Poetic -Participatory - Reflexive - Performative - Observational - Expositional. Participatory and performative are very similar, in which they include the film maker as part of th documentary. We noticed this whilst looking into Supersize Me, which is a representation of these, as Morgan Spurlock appears in his own film, making it personal and showing the audience more about the filmmaker and their intentions throughout. Although this is a very effective mode, we felt this wasnt suitable for our chosen documentary topic of Teenage Pregnancy, as it would make the documentary almost autobiographical which isnt what we intended, as the topic is very much wide spread and varied across the UK. Supersize Me also includes the Reflexive mode, where the audience gets to watch the documentary being made. Here, we watched Spurlock make many calls to McDonalds in a hope that theyd have a say in his documentary, but they declined, which allows us to support Spurlocks aim of the documentary; to prove that fast food isnt good for you. Observational mode tends to follow the subject, with a fly on the wall style to it. This is different to our documentary, as observational documentaries tend to follow the subject around with no use of voiceover or music throughout. However ours had varied subjects, with a narrative voiceover and background music.

The expositional mode was certainly more similar to our documentary in many aspects, as it includes a narrative and voiceover throughout which is what our opening 5 minutes had in order to guide the

audience through. The expositional mode mainly includes social issues assembled in an argument form, usually with modernistic ideas, which is what our documentary opening was about. This was also very Documentaries can fall under certain categories, which include; lighthearted, optimistic, pessimistic, serious, resigned, uncritical, ironic and condemnatory. The documentary that we were creating ideally has aspects of serious and uncritical documentary category throughout the introductory 5 minutes. This is important for a documentary, as it sets the tone for the viewer with the type of documentary they are about to watch. Our documentary tends to use a Narrative Structure, which backs up the idea of our documentary being rhetorical and in an argument form. To do this, it repeats the subject matter in various lights, presenting a reasonable argument with added emotions to allow the audience to form their own judgement. The audience is also addressed directly by a voiceover, making the questions, facts and figured we use more appealing to them. We mainly use the argumentation scheme of comparison, as we feel it was more authorative, and allowed the audience to have their own opinion on the topic, as we understood that not everyone will feel the same about teenage pregnancy. In order to do this, we used experts and young people to interview to give their varied opinion on the topic, meaning the audience got the topic from both sides as both young people and experts tried to give a persuasive argument. Furthermore, our use of statistics and figures backed up our idea of the falling rate of teenage pregnancy and the amount of young people using contraception. Using this, we were able to build up a strong argument and back it up.

Our documentary could also be said to use the enigmatic code, where the topic is a problem which can only be discussed, and not solved. This leaves the audience with an idea of how theyd like the issue to be solved, which would make them more intrigued into the topic as they hear what experts, young people, facts and figures have to say about teenage pregnancy. It could also allow the audience to see just how serious the problem is, and may want them to look into more unsolved problems of the 21 st Century. Since the start of the A2 Course, I have watched many documentaries in order to prepare to create my own. Although the subjects may be different, they tend to convey the same message and have similar conventions. Documentaries include Supersize Me, A Good Smack and Airline. From these, I picked up many conventions using the Camera. This includes various shot types (close-ups, medium-close-ups, establishing shots, extreme close-ups and long shots). Throughout Airline, they mainly used medium close ups so we could get a feeling into what the peoples emotions and expressions were during the scene. It also allowed us to see how they felt about a certain situation, almost inviting us into their thoughts. Similarly, we planned to use medium-closeups throughout our interviews, so the viewer could get an insight into the interviewees passion and feelings towards what they are saying. In relation to this, we also used the rules of thirds.

Throughout Supersize Me, Morgan Spurlock tended to use a handheld camera to allow the audience to feel like they are on the journey with him. Similarly, we used a handheld camera to make the audience feel like they are in the scene, and to make it more personal to them. We found this very effective for our documentary, as Teenage Pregnancy is not often discussed, however through the insight into other peoples views and opinions, it may allow the audience to discuss the topic more.

To make some shots appear more professional and steady, we used a tripod. We mainly used this in the establishing shots around college, over the shoulder shots of information on the computer, as well as a student watching Teen Mom. This allowed us to show the skill of a steady shot, and meant we could therefore use Pan, Tracking and Zooming, like a professional documentary would. We mainly used the tripod for our interviews to make them more professional.

Sound is also essential when producing a television documentary, and was a vital part of our 5 minute introduction. This includes the background music, voiceover, diagetic sound, non diagetic sound and, if necessary, a presenter. During Spurlocks Supersize Me, he mainly used himself as the presenter and voiceover throughout, which allowed the movie to stay continuous and acts more personal to the audience, much better than if the voice have changed. As our documentary was based around a college, we didnt feel the need to use a presenter in our documentary, as we felt a voiceover with facts and opinions would be enough, without the added performer. This aspect is also used in A Good Smack, where the voiceover tells the audience what is going on whilst they watch footage of something to do with what they are saying. Background music was a vital part to our documentary, as many documentaries include background music to allow the footage to flow, and to keep the audience interested. However we realised the background music must not be too overpowering, as we experienced throughout Airline and Supersize Me as they had a simple beat running throughout, which the audience may hear in everyday life and could then relate it to the programme. However both programme had copyrighted their music, which wasnt necessary for our 5 minute introduction, so we used GarageBand to find simple beats to fit behind the voiceover and interviews throughout the documentary. We chose a beat which wasnt too overpowering to the voiceover, but it was effective and modern, like our chosen topic. The beat played throughout the documentary, and was quietened down when interviews came on to allow the audience to hear what they were saying.

Research: When researching into our topic, we mainly used Second Hand Research, such as NHS websites and BBC Health. This allowed our facts and figures to be correct at the time of publishing, making our documentary more informative and reliable. We also went to the clinics and asked for the most recent facts and figures which we could use to make our documentary more up to date, and to back up what we want to say. This is similar to the documentary Supersize Me, as the beginning of the documentary is filled with statistics to shock the audience into what he is doing. First hand research is primary, where there is no stats/facts/figures, but instead views and opinions of customers involved in the documentary, as seen in Airline. Supersize Me also has elements of this, as he interviews people on the streets of America to get their opinion on fast food.

Magazine Article
Our final magazine article was in the form of a doublepage spread, in which we looked at TV Choice to get an idea of the conventions used in a professional magazine. TV Choice uses a very professional format with simple ideas and straight to the point. From our research into magazines, we found out that the double page spread often includes snapshots from the documentary. In relation to this, we used still clips from the interviewees in our documentary to give the reader an insight into what they can expect from the programme.

Captions are always used to give the audience an insight into what is going on in the picture. A Masthead is used as a title or headline at the top of the page, and is esstential in magazine. These are mainly of the title of the programme in order to grab the audiences attention, especially as its a one off documentary, the audience wouldnt have seen the title Underage and Protected before. Pull Quotes are used to highlight important parts of the documentary information, such as facts and figures which may grab the readers attention. The date, tiem and channel of the documentary are also featured, often underneath the title or at the start of the text, to allow the reader to refer back to it if necessary. We also featured columns to set our text out in, as this is a common feature to a real-life magazine, as they use 2/3 columns.

Radio Trailer

To get an idea of what our radio trailer should include, we listened to many real-life trailers and advertisments (off Radio 5, Capital and Radio 1), and discussed what we found effective in each on them. As we wanted our trailer to be broadcasted on Radio One, we mainly focused on their style of trailers, which was mainly quite professional with aspects of fun throughout, to appeal to the broad radio audience they attract. In our radio trailer, we began with a giggling baby, as we felt it would automatically grab the audience attention, relate to the topic and get them interested in what we were about to say. It also adds a sense of humour to the serious topic. We used the same background beat as we have in our documentary to keep it continuous and look more professional. It also means that if the audience hears the sound again, they will automatically relate it to the programme. It also added a softer touch to the serious topic to try and appeal to a wide age-range in the audience. The voiceover we used added an upbeat vibe, with lots of facts and figures pulled from the documentary to attract the readers attention and possibly get them discussing the topic, as the facts and ifugres are there to shock. We added interview clips to give the audience the aspect that they are not alone in wanting to discuss the topic of Teen Pregnancy, and that many people can do, with various views which are expressed in the documentary. Following this, we added the time, date and channel of when the documentary will be on so the reader knows when to watch it. We also added the television name in discreetly at the end, but making it clear to the audience of the programme name; Underage and Protected. Many of the radio trailers we listened to were around 20-40 seconds long, which was long enough to grab and hold the audience attention. Our radio trailer was just over 40 seconds long, which, although it seems longer than usual, we felt it had in everything the audience would want to hear, and is fun enough to listen to for that long, as it deeply informs the audience in the topic, especially as they may not be deeply aware of it, making it something knew to them and educating them slightly in the topic before they get to watch the full documentary.

Overall We managed to stick to the main conventions of a traditional documentary, from the interviews to the transitiations used. We mainly used a straight cut, which is mainly used in documentaries. However we also branched out and used the dissolve and cross dissolve, as we found it merged our clips together better than a straight cut and kept the audience interested

2) How effective is the combination of your main product and ancillary tasks
Along with our television documentary, we created a magazine article and radio trailer to advertise our documentary to the target audience. In order to do this effectively, we needed to make sure that they worked we ll together.

Target Audience

Our target audience for our documentary was mainly teenagers/young adults who are aware of the dangers of teenage pregnancy, but want to become more educated on the topic as they are the ones mainly included in the documentary. This would appeal more to females than males, as females are the ones who have to deal with a teen pregnancy, and worry about getting pregnant at a young age. We also felt that females were more likely to watch the television, as males stereotypically tended to play video games, watch football or be at the gym late at night. It would appeal to mainly working class and middle class families, as, from our project research, we found out that it was mainly the working class who got pregnant at a young age, as they may not actually be well educated on the procautions needed to be taken whilst in a sexual relationship, as well as the concequences of pregnancy at a young age. There is no specific race, religion or disability that our documentary is aimed at, although in terms of age, we would say 16-25 year olds, as they would be the ones most at risk of an unplanned pregnancy. Many teenagers say they are not informed enough on the risks of a teen pregnancy, so by aiming our documentary at the 16-25 age bracket, we are hoping to inform them well enough that they can then discuss it with friends and maybe family. Parents may also want to watch the programme with their younger children, to perhaps have the discussion on teenage pregnancy and contraception. Our programme may then allow parents to be more open with the children and talk openly about their childs private lifestyle, as many teenagers do not believe they can tell their parents certain things, especially not pregnancy at a young age. Our documentary backs up the radio trailer and magazine article, as clips from it are placed in the two ancillary tasks, therefore appealing to the target audience would be represented in how effectively they worked together.

Radio Trailer
For our radio trailer we wanted to include aspects of our documentary so that the audience could relate the two together. This includes the background music, the voiceover and the interviewers. We done this to keep it professional, so that the audience would almost sense reliability on what we were saying as it would be the same trusting voice from radio trailer to documentary. They would also then relate the voice to the documentary if they heard it at a later date. I believe our radio trailer sells our documentary, as it is comical and well as serious, which is what the audience would want. It would be broadcasted on Radio One, which has a very wide target audience (15 -29 year olds) which covers our target audience well. As we would like our documentary to be published on BBC Three, this then ties in well, as Radio One is part of the BBC. Radio One has an average of 11.1 million listeners each week, which makes it prime to air our documentary, especially as many will watch BBC programmes in relation to the radio station. Radio One is aired throughout the UK, and listened to by millions of people each week, and with its target audience of 15-29 year olds, it seems to be ideal for our documentary. Despite this target audience, the average age of the Radio One listener is 33, which could mean that parents could hear the trailer and think of their young teenager, making them perhaps want to discuss the sensitive topic with them, especially as it would be aired on radio so openly with added humour to soften the subject. Radio One is mainly popular in the major cities of the UK; London, Birmingham, Manchester etc, which are also the main cities which hold high levels of the working and middle class. Therefore, this appeals to our documentary, as they are included in our target audience. BBC Three is also part of our target audience, as it mainly appeals to younger people (18-25) as the topics of their programmes tend to be related to real-life teenage and young adult situations, such as Sun, Sex and Suspicious Parents, where adults follow their teenage children on holiday to find out what they are doing, and their body beautiful series, where they followed teenagers and the pressure they face through becoming an adult. The elements of out

documentary, such as background beat and voiceover, are also similar to those used in a BBC Three documentary, as they are upbeat and dominant.

Magazine Article
To relate our magazine article to our documentary, we used still shots from the documentary so that the audience can get an insight into what to expect from programme, and will automatically link the image used to the documentary when they see it. For our magazine, we used an interviewee still shot to show the audience that its not all about teenagers and their view of teenage pregnancy, but also includes professional opinions and the adults view on teenage pregnancy. However, we found the magazine article much harder to form, as many had a professional finish and were quite serious for our topic, as we didnt want it to intimidate the reader. We chose the TV Choice magazine to show our article in, as we felt it would appeal to the young target audience much more, as it was bright and colourful, and brought by many parents who may have children who wish to find a programme they like. TV Choice includes soaps which many parents and younger teenagers enjoy watching, and as the magazine is only 45p, we felt it appealed to a much more broad range of age. We didnt like the professionalism of Radio Times, as we felt if we placed our topic in there, the audience may not be the target audience wed aim for, and we felt the topic could be overshadowed or intimidate the reader as they would prefer to watch more serious factual television over teenage pregnancy.

TV Choice sells over 1.2 Million copies of its magazine a week, and the most popular brought magazine since 2010. Although it will mainly be an adult/parents buying the magazine, we realised that we, as teenagers, would often pick up the TV magazine at home to see what was on television, and therefore assumed that other teenagers would do the same. The name TV Choice is also used to host an awards ceremony for television programmes, which would also suggest to the reader that when they see the name they automatically think of various television programmes which is what they feature. The articles included in the magazine are mainly about soaps, but they also have special feature pages which include one-off television programmes, or a

new/popular series which is due on which they believe the reader will enjoy. This appeals to the reader as they believe that if 5/6 television programmes out of hundreds a week has its own double page spread, it will be good enough for them to watch. They would also trust the brand of TV Choice as it is believed they know lots about television programmes and what is good. Out of all the ancillary tasks, I found the TV Choice one the hardest, as I dont personally read the magazines out there. However some other students in our group did, meaning they could bring in examples and show me what they were about. This gave me a good idea of the wide range of TV Magazines, and meant my group and I could find the perfect magazine we felt our double page spread belonged in.

3) What have you learned from your audience feedback

The main aim of our audience feedback was to find out whether our documentary, radio trailer and double page article appealed to the target audience, and to find out whether they would want to watch the documentary from the three tasks. We asked males and females between 17 19 (middle of our target audience range). From the questions asked, we found out that 80% found the topic interesting and appealing, mainly due to its boldness. All of the people asked felt like they were not educated enough about the teenage pregnancy epidemic as they were growing up, and therefore found our documentary interesting and informative if they were to watch it. Our audience feedback also allowed us to see that the main conventions we include (facts and figures, voiceovers, interviews and music) were ones that would appeal our target audience to watch the documentary. In order to note our results, we decided to give the audience a questionnaire as they viewed our documentary, radio trailer and magazine article.

Documentary Feedback:
In the form of a written questionnaire, we asked students how they would rate our documentary. 80% of the audience said good, 7% said excellent and 13% said it was fair. We mainly based this on the subject, as we understand that it would not appeal to everyone. We then asked whether they thought the background music was suitable. 97% said they felt it was, due to the constant beat running throughout, however 3% said they felt it lacked something. This could be due to the idea of people being attracrted to different things in documentaries, and possibly the music. Do you think the sound levels are consistant was our next question, and 80% of the audience said they felt it was fine, although the other 20% said they felt parts could have been adjusted just slightly to ensure it flowed better, especially during the interviews as some were very quiet.

Radio Trailer Feedback:

For our radio trailer, we got very positive feedback, proving that we did appeal to the target audience and they enjoyed the humerous additions we had at the start of a baby giggling. The first question we asked was whether the music was appropriate with the voice, in which 100% said they matched well, as the voice sounded professional, but young and upbeat, which was like the background sound. We then asked whether it would keep them interested, with 75% saying yes. Out of the 25% who said no, all of the students were male, suggesting that it could have simply been the topic which had put them off and not the radio trailer itself. We did expect this to happen, and expected the results from the topic to be much more of a male/female divide in comparison to how they ended up suggesting that males could watch the programme but not admit it. We then asked for an overall rating of the radio trailer, and 90% said they thought it was very good, with a following 10% saying it was good. In the extra notes part of the questionnaire, we received feedback mainly from males questioning the topic, as they probably woul see it more as

a feminine idea rather than males, however they still thought our radio trailer was very good, suggesting that it could appeal to males but perhaps not as much as it would females.

Magazine Article Feedback:

The first question we asked was whether the magazine article actually grabbed the readers attention, as if it didnt, then it wouldnt be doing what it was intended to do. Disappointingly, only 68% said it would grab their attention, with 32% saying it probably wouldnt. Despite this, we did understand that many teenagers probably wouldnt take much notice into a tv magazine, let alone a progamme on teenage pregnancy. We asked whether the layout of the article looked good and like our chosen tv magazine. 85% said that it did look professional and similar to our chosen magazine, however 15% said that it didnt simply because they hadnt seen the magazine TV Choice and therefore couldnt compare. However they did add that it did have a professional layout like theyd imagine a tv magazine to have. 100% said that the article is relevant to the topic, which is promising as it was there to promote the documentary and therefore it has done its job. We then asked whether there was enough imagery and colour in our article. 95% said there was, and that the images were in relation to the topic and gave the reader an idea of what to expect which was good. Finally, we asked how they would rate the article, in which 78% answered good, and 22% answering fair. We understand this may have let us down mainly because of how simple it was, and it was more of a working classmagazine in comparison to the middle-class Radio Times magazine in which it wouild have looked more professional with less bright colours. Overall howveer we were pleased with the feedback, as we were expecting it to be a quitre obvious male/female divide into who would watch it, however it allowed us to see that teenage pregnancy is a topic which could possibly be watched by men. Overall, gaining the audience feedback was very important to us as it would give us an idea into whether we met the brief whilst appealing to the target audience. We learnt a lot about what people thought not only about our documentary, but about the topic we chose. The audience were finally asked how they would rate all three of our products together, with 0 being very poor, and 5 being excellent. 70% gave us a 4 rating, which we were very pleased with, and the rest giving us a 3, which we were also very happy with, mainly because we realised that the topic was very risky and might not be watched by teenagers simply incase it gives them a bad name. we felt very happy about all of the results we received, and felt that, if we could do the three tasks again, we would know what to improve on and how in order to completely appeal to all audiences, gender and class.

4) How did you use your use new media technologies in the construction, research, planning and evaluation stages?
The research and planning side of our documentary was vital to the production of it. A lot of the planning we had to undertake was mainly using secondary sources, ie) Internet Explorer. However we did use more creative skills to plan such as mindmaps, storyboards and writing frames to plan what we would say for our voiceover and radio trailer, and to plan a rough order of what we wanted to include in our documentary. For the research side of the documentary, we searched through Google, BBC and the NHS to find recent facts and figures on teenage pregnancy and contraception use amongst teenagers, as we wanted our documentary to be up to date for the audience. By using these websites, we were able to not only research our topic so that we as the producers were well informed on what we were about to document to the audience, but we were able to find statistics

and figures which were useful to the documentary. We also had to research into the channel we ideally wanted the tv documentary so we could follow similar conventions as they do in their documentaries. We looked into BBC One, Channel 4, ITV and BBC Three websites and samples of their documentaries before deciding that BBC Three was most suitable for what we wanted, as their audience tends to be quite young and modern, who would like to find out about topics such as teen pregnancy which wouldnt really be spoke about on more adult channels such as BBC One. We used the BBC online service of iPlayer to look at similar documentaries which BBC Three have aired. We also looked at youtube to find documentaries previously aired which may not be available now, such as Kizzy; Mum At 14. All of the research we contructed at this stage had to be uploaded to our group blog on blogger.com, where we were able to upload our journey as we developed work for our documentary. This technology became very useful for us, as it meant our ideas could be grouped together on one document, instead of producing three separate ones, and it also meant we could log down ideas for our documentarty then return to them later on.

Filming For filming, we used a Canon HG20 HD Camera, which was very useful and easy to use. We were able to use the zoom in/out, aswell s the focus tool which gave us the effect of the shot going out of focus to perhaps focus more on a certain aspect in the shot. We mainly used the camera on the tripod to portray a more professional shot for interviews, voxpops and establishing shots, but we also used handheld camera so the audience could connect more with the shot in the documentary. The tripod could be quite hard to use, as we needed a flat surface to film a professional shot, however the outside of the college was at the top of a hill so we had to adjust the camera angle to get a straight shot. As well as using the camera for filming, we could also use it for recording the sound. We used a directional microphone to record the sound for our script, voxpops and interviews, which were all very successful parts of filming. We had to plug headphones into the camera to ensure sound levels were suitable and continuous throughout, and to ensure no background noise ewas included. When it came to the voiceover and radio trailer recording, we had to use a quiet empty room to record, to enable us to pick up any background noise and to keep it as consistant as we could.

Editing

When we had filmed all the necessary scenes, we uploaded the clips onto an Apple iMac. At first, this was quite challenging as none of us had used a mac before, however once we got used to it, we were able to copy the files over to our media drive with ease. With the clips we wanted to use, we opened up the editing programme of Final Cut Express, which is available on all Apple Macs and enabled us to edit our whole documentary up to the final point. The first stage of this was to log and transfer our filming, which included all of the clips we wanted to access and edit to possibly put into our documenatary. Once this was done all of the clips uploaded were now available to use and edit. We renamed all of the clips so we knew what was in each of them.

Final Cut Express By using this programme already installed on the Mac, we were able to create, edit and play our 5 minute documentary. We could easily modify parts of our documentary we wished to, for example we could slow down the speed by 5% if necessary, which we did use towards the end whilst displaying images of the national teenage pregnancy rate. We also slowed down certain clips, for example the ones of students walking through the refectory, as we wanted to give the audience a break from all the clips on contraception, and allowed them to focus more on the voiceover. There was also an option to reverse any work done if we decided it didnt look right. We could cut clips if needed using the razor blade tool, so we could adjust clips separately. The sound levels were easy to adjust using the thin pink line in the sound box. By moving this up/down, we could increase/decrease the sound of the clip, which we used during the interview clips, as the microphone didnt always pick up sound as well as we had hoped. This also allowed us to fade our background music in and out, for example before interviews, at the beginning and at the end.

Another example of how we used Final Cut Express is the transitions they provide to put between clips. We used the dissolve mainly, as we felt it was simple but effective. Transitions were easy to use, by dragging them in between the two clips we wanted the dissolve to take place between. Once we had finished editing all of the footage for our documentary, we were then able to add and edit the sound, which we had recorded using the handheld camera, microphone and headphones. We recorded this in several parts so we could add, adjust and take out things we did or didnt like. This was necessary for us incase we felt we needed to add certain facts, figures, or information on the topic to the footage we had, as not all footage had relevant voiceover which we were able to adjust. For our background music, we used Garageband, making a 5 minute long track from the sound Disco Beat 002. To get this onto Final cut express, we had to export it as an MP3, and drag it onto our audio timeline.

Radio Trailer For our radio trailer, we had to record the voiceover and import it first onto Final Cut Express. Using this programme, we then went on to cut parts our of recorded interviews, so we could also include them in the trailer. Once we had added both of these together, and added/cut the interview voiceover parts into the space we had required them to go onto, we exported it as an MP3 into Garage Band, where we added the same background music as we had used for our documentary in order to keep it continuous and professional. Once was had done this, we adjusted the sound levels, all in which was fairly simple to do. We use dthe garageband extras to add to our trailer, for example the baby laughing at the beginning. We

done this to add humour to the trailer, and we also felt it would appeal to the audience. GarageBand was simple and easy to use, and allowed us to produce the exact kind of trailer we wanted to.

Magaine Article To make our magazine article, we used a programme called InDesign by Adobe. We created a basic double-page spread to start with, and added on the basics of our article design which was the border, columns for our text, grab quotes and images. Once we done this, we were able to fill it in with the necessary information, which started off with writing the article itself. To do this, we watched our documentary and wrote what we thought it was about, and pulled quotes which had interested and shocked us despite watching it several times. For our images, we cut them out of our documentary and editing them first in Adobe Photoshop before exporting them to InDesign to add to our document. We done this mainly so we could add effects to our images, such as a drop shadow and editing colour levels, to make it more noticeable to the audience on the page. We added captions using the simple text tool and changing the size of the writing to make it more of extra information instead of like the rest of the article.